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Jainism&Sikhism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Asceticism | Monks and nuns practice a lifestyle of rigorous self-denial |
| Jainism | shares many basic doctrines of Hinduism and Buddhism; Ordinary Jains are concerned with leading moral and prosperous lives, and Jains in India tend to be among the country's wealthiest citizens; only about 2% of India's population |
| Mahivira | lived 599-527 BC; contemporary of the Buddah; held fast to extreme asceticism; considered the 24 Tirthankara; achieved kevala |
| Tirthankara | spiritual conqueror of the past who have obtained salvation |
| Kevala | enlightenment, perfect and complete knowledge |
| ahimsa | principle of non-violence |
| Jain beliefs | compassion for all life, human and non-human; human life is valued as a unique, rare opportunity to reach enlightenment; vegetarians; diet ecludes most root vegetables because they believe destroys plants unnecessarily; believe all sould are equal |
| Ascetics | (monks and nuns), most strict about the religion |
| Laypeople | more relaxed about religion |
| Shvetambaras | (white robed), women can attain kevala; once kevala attained, still need food |
| Digambaras | (sky-clad), women must first be reobrn as men; don't need food after kevala |
| Jainism Worship | Annual festivals; pilgrimages to holy places; acts of devotion before small shrines; gazing reverently at gigantic statues of the tirthankaras |
| Loka | what jains understand the universe to be, a space that is finite yet almost indescribably vast |
| Five Great Vows (Jainism); number 1 | do not injure other life forms |
| Five Great Vows (Jainism); number 2 | avoid lying |
| Five Great Vows (Jainism); number 3 | do not take what has not been given |
| Five Great Vows (Jainism); number 4 | Renounce sexuual activity |
| Five Great Vows (Jainism); number 5 | renounce possesion |
| Sikhism | one of the world's youngest reiligions (created in 16th century); began with teachings of nanak and his successors; about 16 million in India, 4 million outside of India; most live in Punjab |
| Nanak | 1469-1539; life changing experience when he disappeared for three days; believed he was escorted to the court of god; began to travel after this (far as Mecca and Baghdad); rejected meaningless rituals; concern for practical things in life; first gurdwara |
| Gurdwara | central structure of worship of a Sikh |
| Adi Granth | Sikhism's sacred text; sits on a special seat in every guardwara; remarkable collection of writings of Nanak, and the gurus who followed him as well as other Sikh, Muslim, and Hindu teachers |
| Arjan | fifth guru; built golden temple; compiled sacred scripture |
| Gobind Singh | regarded as the greatest Guru after Nanak; tenth guru; instituted the Khalsa |
| The Five K's | -uncut hair=kesh-comb= kanga-steel wrist guard= kara-a sword or knife= kirpan-shorts= kachra |
| three guiding principles of Sikh life | worship, work, and charity |
| worship/ritual/lifestyle of sikhism | believe that we should be kind to all living things; animals were put on the earth to provide for us so there is no problem with eating them; god is within all of us and cares about us, however we are more self centered than god-centered |
| What is Sikhism based on? | primarily on Hinduism; also monotheistic |
| Guru | spiritual leader |
| Panth | community for Sikhs in its entirety |
| Khalsa | the pure ones |
| what does Sikhism ultimately want to achieve? | to atttain complete union with God |
Created by:
rogershistory3
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