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MED104 CH7
Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aden/o | gland |
| adren/o adrenal/o | adrenal gland (kidney) |
| cortic/o | outer surface (cortex) |
| gonad/o | gonads (sex organs) |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| pituitar/o hypophys/o | pituitary gland |
| thym/o | thymus |
| thyr/o thyroid/o | thyroid |
| gluc/o glucos/o glyc/o | sugar |
| crin/o | to secrete |
| hormon/o | hormone |
| ket/o | ketone body |
| -tropin | stimulating hormone |
| -emia | blood condition |
| -uria | urine condition |
| adenalgia | pain in the gland |
| adrenal virilism | development of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by excessive secretion of the adrenal gland |
| adrenarche | beginning of adrenal secretion (at puberty) |
| hirsutism | excessive growth of facial and body hair in women |
| amenorrhea | lack of menstrual flow |
| gynecomastia | development of breast tissue in men |
| hypergonadism | condition in which there is excessive secretion of the sex glands |
| hypogonadism | condition in which there is undersecretion of the sex glands |
| menarche | beginning or first menatruation |
| thelarche | beginning of breast development |
| hypoglycemic | pertaining to low blood suagr |
| pancreatalgia | pain in the pancreas |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| polyphagia | excessive eating |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| acromegaly | abnormal enlargement of the extremeties |
| galactorrhea | discharge of milk |
| pituitary dwarfism | abnormally short height caused by undersecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland |
| pituitary gigantism | abnormally tall heigh caused by oversecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland |
| exophthalmos | protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket |
| golter thyrocele | swollen thyroid gland |
| thyromegaly | enlargement of the thyroid |
| thyrotosis | downward displacement (drooping) of the thyroid |
| acidemia | abnormal acidity of the blood |
| alkalemia | abnormally alkalinity (opposite of acidity) of the blood |
| calciria | calcium in the urine |
| chloremia | increased chloride in the blood |
| euglycemia | good blood sugar |
| glucosuria | sugar in the urine |
| hypercalcemia | excessive calcium in the blood |
| hypercholesterolemia | excessive cholesterol in the blood |
| hyperglycemia | high blood sugar |
| hyperkalemia | excessive potassium in the blood |
| hyperlipidemia | excessive fat in blood |
| hypernatremia | excessive sodium in the blood |
| hyperphosphatemia | excessive phosphate in the blood |
| hypoglycemia | low blood sugar |
| ketonuria | ketone bodies in the urine |
| uremia | presence of urinary waste in the blood |
| adrenaline | hormone secreted by the adrenal gland |
| epinephrine | hormone secreted by the adrenal gland |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| corticotropin | shorter name for the adrenocorticotrophic hormone |
| glucagon | hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels |
| glucocorticoid | hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism |
| gonadotropin | hormone that stimulates the gonads |
| insulin | hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats |
| thyrotropin | hormone that stimulates the thyroid |
| adenomegaly | abnormal enlargement of a gland |
| adrenomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland |
| euthyroid | normal functioning thyroid |
| gluconeogenesis | formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources |
| glycolysis | breakdown of sugar |
| glycopenia | deficiency of sugar |
| gonadogenesis | creation/development of gonads |
| metabolism | breakdown of matter into energy |
| endocrine | to secrete internally (into the bloodstream, etc.) |
| endocrinologist | specialist in internal secretions |
| exocrine | to secrete externally (through ducts to the surface of an organ) (sweat glands, salivary glands) |
| glycemic index | ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood |
| ketogenesis | creation of ketone bodies |
| thyroid function tests | tests performed to evaluate the function of the thyroid |
| cholangiopancreatography | procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas |
| endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography | procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas in which an endoscope is passed backward from the digestive tract into the bile duct |
| adenitis | inflammation of a gland |
| adenopathy | gland disease |
| adenosis | gland condition |
| dysmetabolic syndrome | combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism |
| ketosis | condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood |
| polyadenopathy | disease involving many glands |
| adrenal insufficiency | condition in which the adrenal glands underproduce necessary hormones |
| adrealitis | inflammation of the adrenal gland |
| adrenocortical insufficiency | condition in which the adrenal cortex underproduce necessary hormones |
| adrenocorticohyperplasia | overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| congenital adrenal hyperplasia | genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdeveloped, resulting in a deficiency of certain hormone and an overproduction of others |
| diabetes mellitus | metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia |
| diabetic ketoacidosis | acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced hen the body is unable to burn sugar, thus it must burn fat for energy |
| pancreatic pseudocyst | abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst |
| pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| pancreatolith | stone in the pancreas |
| pancreatolithiasis | presence of a stone in the pancreas |
| hyperpituitarism | overfunctioning of the pituitary gland |
| hypophysitis | inflammation of the pituitary gland |
| hypopituitarism | condition caused by the undersection of the pituitary gland |
| panhypopituitarism | defective or absent function of the entire pituitary gland |
| pituitary infarction | death of the pituitary gland |
| hyperparathyroidism | overproduction by the parathyroid glands |
| hyperthyroidism | overproduction of the thyroid |
| hypoparathyroidism | underproduction by the parathyroid |
| hypothyroidism | underproduction by the thyroid |
| thyroiditis | inflammation of the thyroid |
| throtoxicosis | condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone |
| adenocarcinoma | cancerous tumor of a gland |
| adenoma | glandular tumor |
| adrenal adenoma | tumor of the adrenal gland |
| adrenocortical carcinoma | cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| insulinoma | tumor that secretes insulin |
| parathyroidoma | tumor of the parathyroid |
| pituitary adenoma | tumor on the pituitary gland |
| thymoma | tumor of the thymus |
| continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion | continuous injection of the insulin into the blood from a pump inserted under the skin |
| thyroidotoxin | substance poisonous to the thyroid gland |
| adenectomy | removal of a gland |
| ketogenic diet | diet that aids in the production of ketones in the body |
| thymectomy | removal of the thymus |
| adrenalectomy | removal of the adrenal gland |
| laparoscopic adrenalectomy | removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparoscope |
| pancreatectomy | removal of the pancreas |
| pancreatolithectomy | removal of a stone in the pancreas |
| hypophysectomy | removal of the pituitary gland |
| parathroidectomy | removal of the parathyroid |
| thyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid |
| thyroidotomy | incision into the thyroid |
| thyroparathyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| BS | blood sugar |
| CGM | continuous glucose monitor |
| DI | diabetes insipidus |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholanglopancreatography |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| GDM | gestational diabetes mellitus |
| GH | growth hormone |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| HgA1C | hemoglobin A1C test (monitor blood sugar levels) |
| HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
| TFT | thyroid function test |
| TSH | thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin) |
| T3 | trilodothyronine |
| T4 | thyroxine |
| Calcitonin | hormone that encourages the uptake of calcium in the blood into bone. |
| parathyroid hormone | hormone that helps keep the level of calcium in the blood from getting too low. |
| LH | Luteinizing hormone |
| FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone |
| -tropin | a stimulating effect on the target organ |
Created by:
hmarie94
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