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EastSouthEAsia&relig
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what sect of Buddhism did Zen Buddhism derive from? | Mahayana Buddhism |
| Zen Buddhism is a mixture of | Mahayana Buddhism and Taoism |
| what is the essence of Zen? | attempting to understand the meaning of life directly, without being misled by logical thought or language |
| Zen means | meditation |
| no devotion to | Buddha or bodhisattvas |
| who is the founder of Zen Buddhism? | Bodhidharma |
| what are the two sects of Zen Buddhism? | Rinzai and Soto |
| Who founded rinzai Zen Buddhism? | Eisai |
| what is sudden awakening called in Zen Buddhism and what sect is it part of? | satori; in Rinzai Zen Buddhism |
| what is seated meditation called in Zen Buddhism? | Zazen |
| which sect of Zen Buddhism believes in gradual awakening? | Soto |
| Dogen was a part of the _______ sect of Zen Buddhism | Soto |
| what is enlightenment called in Zen Buddhism? | Satori |
| who was Hui-Neng? | a poor boy at a monastery who wrote a poem and became the sixth patriarch |
| what are puzzles meant to challenge what you know? | Koans |
| which religion has "encouragement sticks"? | Zen Buddhism |
| who is a Zen Buddhist master? | a roshi |
| Zen Buddhism was readily accepted by the ________ class | Samurai |
| what is Japans native religious tradition? | Shinto |
| what are spiritual beings in Shintoism? | Kamis |
| does Shintoism exist independently of other Asia traditions? | no |
| what are people or things that have evoked the wonder of the Japanese? | Kami |
| what is Bushido? | Shinto Nationalism |
| who is the Shinto sun god? | Amaterasu |
| Who is Amaterasu's grandson? | ni-ni-gi |
| what is Shinto ritual killing? | Seppuku |
| who did Buddha choose as his successor? | Mahakasyapa |
| when did Bodhidharma bring Zen to China? | 520 AD |
| what is the school of sudden awakening in Shinto? Who brought it? | Rinzai; Eisai |
| What is the school of gradual awakening in Shinto? Who brought it? | Soto; Dogen |
| who is the person most responsible for explaining Zen to the west? | D.T. Suzuki |
| what is the source of selfish desire in Zen Buddhism? | the ego |
| is Satori permanent? | no |
| what are meetings between a student and a master in Zen Buddhism called? | dokusans |
| what are black ink paintings that come from Zen Buddhism? | Sumie |
| what is the form of poetry that comes from Zen Buddhism? | Haikus |
| who was one of Shinto's most admired and influential figures? | Motoori Noirinaga |
| who were the primal male and female in Shintoism? | Izanagi and Izanami |
| who was the first emperor according to Shintoism? | Ni-Ni-Gi, grandson of the sun goddess Amaterasu |
| what is the focal point of Shinto worship in the home? | the kamidana |
| what do followers of Shintoism do to signify their presence to the kami? | clap their hands |
| what is an archway formed by two upright pillars in Shintoism? | the torii |
| what is a main symbol of Shintoism? | the torii |
| what does Bushido mean? | way of the warrior |
| what were Japan's medieval knights called? | samurais |
| what are the three main types of Shinto? | Shrine Shinto, Sect Shinto, and Popular Shinto |
| what is sacred to followers of Shinto? | nature |
| who wrote the world's first novel and what was it called? | Japanese woman Murasaki Shikibu; The Tale of Genji |
| who was Genghis Khans grandson? | Kublai Khan |
| How did Genghis Khan lay the foundation for an empire? | assembling a strong army, establishing a huge network of trading posts, and he kept the Silk Road free from bandits, which enhanced caravan trade |
| Buddha comes from the root word ______ which means ______. | budh; to awaken |
| when was the Buddha born and what is his name? | 563 B.C.E.; Siddhartha Gautama |
| what are the Four Passing Sights? | Buddha was shocked by the sight of the old man; the diseased man; Buddha saw death; he saw the ascetic which gave him hope |
| what does the Middle Way state? | a healthy spiritual life depends on a healthy physical life |
| in Buddhism, who is the god of death? | Mara |
| in Buddhism, who are Mara's daughters? | Discontent, Delight, and Desire |
| what happened when Buddha meditated under the bodhi tree? | the three watches; the first watch- saw his past lives; second watch- perceive death; third watch- he discovered the Four Noble Truths |
| what is the first Buddhist community called? | the Sangha |
| what are the Three Jewels of Buddhism? | Buddha, Dharma (teachings), and the Sangha |
| when did the Buddha die? | 483 BC |
| what are the Buddha's teachings called? | the Dharma |
| what is central to both Buddhism and Hinduism? | samsara- the wheel of rebirth |
| moksha:Hinduism, ________: Buddhism | nirvana |
| what is Buddhist liberation? | nirvana |
| what did Buddha dislike about Hinduism? | sacrificial rituals, talk of gods, caste system |
| what are the Three Marks of Existence? | Anatta; Anicca; Dukkha |
| what is Anatta? | "no-self"; no ultimate reality |
| what is Anicca? | existence is constantly changing |
| what is Dukkha? | suffering |
| what are the Five Precepts in Buddhism? | 1. Do not take life; 2. do not take what is not given; 3. do not engage in sensuous misconduct; 4. do not use false speech; 5 do not drink intoxicants |
| what are the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism? | to live is to suffer; suffering is caused by desire; suffering can be brought to cessation; the solution to suffering is the Noble Eightfold Path |
| what is the Noble Eightfold Path the cure for? | suffering |
| What is the Noble Eightfold Path? | Right Views; Right intentions; right speech; right action; right livelihood; right effort; right mindfulness right meditation |
| what are the three divisions of Buddhism? | Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana |
| in Buddhism, what is the "way of the elders"? | Theravada |
| in Buddhism, what is the "Great Vehicle"? | Mahayana |
| which division of Buddhism follows the earliest texts, original teachings, and focuses on the individual because they believe Buddha is beyond the reach of humans? | Theravada |
| in Theravada, who is the ideal? | Arhat |
| Theravada is present in Cambodia, Myanmar,.....,...... | Sri Lanka, and Thailand |
| what is the largest division of Buddhism? | Mahayana |
| which division of Buddhism focuses on Buddha himself and is for the masses? | Mahayana |
| what is the Ideal in Mahayana Buddhism? | a Bodhisattva |
| what does Bodhisattva mean? | "Buddhas in the making" |
| Mahayana is most popular in | China, Japan, and Korea |
| what does Vajra mean? | diamond scepter |
| where is Vajrayana Buddhism primarily practiced? | Tibet |
| which division of Buddhism believes you can attain Nirvana here and now? | Vajrayana |
| what are Mandalas and what division of Buddhists use them? | patterned icons that excite made out of sand; Vajrayana |
| what are mudras and what division of Buddhists use them? | choreographed hand movements; Vajrayana |
| what are Mantras and what division of Buddhists use them? | low chants; Vajrayana |
| what is the highest position in Vajrayana Buddhism? | the Dalai Lama |
| who is Tibet primarily administered today under? | China |
| The Dalai Lama is the head of the Tibetan government in exile in | India |
| what class did Gautama belong to? | Kshatriyas |
| what is the state of eternal bliss that is ultimate salvation in Buddhism? | Nirvana |
| what are Buddhist Saints? | Arhats |
| what is the earliest text in Buddhism? | the Pali |
| what is Buddhism selfish desire? | Tanha |
| who did Marco Polo meet in China? | Kublai Khan- Genghis Khans grandson |
| what does the Buddha believe salvation must be won through? | determined efforts of the human mind |
| what are phrases or syllables chanted to evoke a deity or enhance meditation? | mantras |
| choreographed hand movements are | mudras |
| patterned icons, means circle in Sanskrit | mandalas |
| future Buddhas. a being that has experienced enlightenment but chooses not to enter Nirvana in order to return and help others obtain that goal | bodhisattva |
| one who has become enlightened. upon death they will enter enlightenment | arhat |
| the Buddhist doctrine that all existent things are constantly changing | Anicca |
| the Buddhist doctrine denying a permanent self | Anatta |
| means suffering in the Pali | Dukkha |
| what is a basic Buddhist teaching that rejects extremes of pleasure or self-denial? | the Middle Way |
| who is the spiritual leader of Vajrayana Buddhism? | the Dalai Lama |
| the Dalai Lama is currently in his ______ reincarnation and lives in _____. | 14th; India |
| what is another name for Confucius? | Kung Fu-Tzu |
| what are the works of Confucius called? | the Analects |
| what did Confucius focus on? | human relationships |
| what was appropriate for dealing with the enemy?; What wasnt? | justice; love |
| Confucius wanted to reaffirm .... | traditional ways |
| what does Filial piety mean? | respect for parents and ancestors |
| who were Mohists? | people in china focused on universal love |
| what does Tao mean and what does it refer to? | "the way"; moral order that permeates the universe |
| in Confucianism, what is a mature person called? | Chun Tzu |
| what does Jen mean? | "love" or "goodness |
| what is the Confucian virtue of love? | Jen |
| what is the "golden rule" called in Confucianism? | Shu |
| what is the Confucian principle of behaving properly? | Li |
| what are Confucian cultural arts? | Wen |
| what is Confucian virtue called? | Te |
| what are the Five Constant Relationships of Confucianism? | father-child; ruler-subjuct; husband-wife; old-young; friend-friend |
| who is known as the other great founder of Confucianism? | Mencius |
| who is K'ung Fu-tzu better known as? | Confucius |
| who was Confucius born and when did he die? | born 551 B.C.; died 479 BC |
| what is one of the central texts of Confucianism? | the Book of Mencius |
| who is the ideal being in Confucianism? | Chun-Tzu |
| what is the supreme virtue in Confucianism? | Jen |
| who was the founder of Taoism? | Lao Tzu |
| who is the other great founder of Taoism? | Chuang Tzu |
| what are the two main texts of Taoism? | the Tao Te Ching; Chuang Tzu |
| which text of Taoism is primarily paradoxes? | Tao Te Ching |
| in Taoism, what is the ultimate source and order of the universe? | the Tao |
| what are two polar opposites in Taoism? | Yin and Yang |
| describe Yin and Yang. | Yin is negative (not in a bad way), passive, feminine, earthly component, dark; Yang is positive; active, masculine, heavenly component; light |
| who is one that attains oneness with Tao? | Sage |
| what is the primary virtue of Taoism? | Wu-Wei |
| Describe Wu-Wei. | actionless activity |
| what are objects though to have power to bring good luck in Taoism? | Talismans |
| Tao is the | Way of Nature |
| what does Lao Tzu mean? | old master |
| what are paradoxes? | assertions that seem illogical but yet contain deeper truths that are accessible more though intuition than logical thinking |
| what does Judo mean? | the yielding way |
| one important aspect of Chinese tradition that Confucius helped to transmit was the worship of..... | ancestors |
| what is the doctrine that summarizes the proper ethical principle for each basic human relation ship in Confucianism called? | the Five Constant Relationships |
| Te is shown through the power of..... | good government |
| the word Tao literally translates as | way |
| what is Taoism's most important text? | the Tao Te Ching |
| Who is North Koreas "eternal president"? | Kim Il Sung |
| what is the idea of Juche? | self-reliance |
| who is the current dictator of North Korea? | Kim Jong il |
| who was Kim Il Sung put in power by? | Stalin |
| who was the leader of the communist revolution in China in 1949? | Mao Zedong |
| What is the world's most northern desert and covers the southern third of Mongolia? | the Gobi |
| is Japan a little dragon? | no |
| which religion requires strict following of proper etiquette and ritual? | Confucianism |
| what is the supreme value in Confucianism?> | Jen |
| This country invaded South Korea in 1950 to start the Korean War | North Korea |
| The Mekong River is the main highway. This country is very poor and is wedged between Thailand and Vietnam? | Laos |
| The name of this country means "free country" and they have enjoyed 700 years of independence | Thailand |
| Shintoism and Buddhism are the main religions; it is the 2nd largest industrial economy in the world | Japan |
| This county has the world's fourth largest population, and the largest Islamic population | Indonesia |
| Communists under Ho Chi Minh led the resistance against the Japanese occupation during WWII. Ho Chi Minh City was former called Saigon. | Vietnam |
| Formerly called Burma, this country is now controlled by a military dictatorship. The Irrawaddy River is the main highway | Myanmar |
| This country was the worlds largest population | China |
| Khmer Rouge killed over a million people in this country | Cambodia |
| Chiang Kaishek and his followers fled here when the Communists took over China in 1949 | Taiwan |
| This country was ruled by the Spanish for 300 years | the Philippines |
| The world's largest landlocked nation. people still live in yurts | Mongolia |
| This country has the largest Christian minority of any country on the Asian mainland | South Korea |
| This country is a federation of independent sultanates; top producer of rubber, tin, and palm oil | Malaysia |
| Residents of this country are mostly Muslims. This country is split in two by a strip of land owned by Malaysia | Brunei |
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