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The New Imperialism
1800-1914
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country/region? | Imperialism |
| What policies did the European nations adopt in the 1800s? | Aggressive expansion |
| What did manufacturers wanted access to, to sell their factory goods? | Natural resources & new markets |
| Who needed bases around the world? | Navies |
| Who spread western law, medicine, and religion? | Missionaries |
| What did the Europeans argue was nature's way of improving the human species? | Imperial domination of weaker races |
| Poem written by British Rudyard Kipling to justify imperialism as a noble cause | The White Man's Burden |
| What countries were in decline? | Ottoman Empire, Mughal India, Qing China |
| Who had strong economies, government, and superior technology? | The West |
| Who had inferior weapons? | Africans & Asians |
| Who criticized imposing undemocratic rule in non-European peoples? | Anti-Imperialists |
| What are the two forms of Imperial Rule? | Direct/Indirect |
| What concept did local rulers follow the advice of European rulers? | Protectorate |
| What concept did Europeans claim exclusive trading rights in China & elsewhere? | Sphere of influence |
| What part of Africa includes the Sahara desert & fertile land along the Mediterranean? | North |
| Under whose rule was northern Africa? | Ottoman |
| Who called for religious reforms based on sharia law & set up a powerful Islamic state in West Africa? | Usman dan Fodio |
| In which part of Africa did port cities export slaves to the Middle East? | East Africa |
| Who ruthlessly led the Zulus? | Shaka |
| Who made the Great Trek north from Cape Colony? | Boer families |
| Where did fighting break out between Zulus and Boers? | Southern Africa |
| Who set out to map the course & sources of the great African rivers? | Mungo Park & Richard Burton |
| What did paternalistic missionaries urge Africans to reject? | Their own religious & cultural traditions |
| Who believed that to end the slave trade, the interior of Africa must be opened to Christianity & trade? | David Livingstone |
| Where did European powers partition Africa to renew the map with little regard for ethnic boundaries? | Berlin Conference |
| Who did Belgian overseers beat & mutilate? | Congolese laborers |
| Who was forced to turn over his personal colony to Belgian government due to international outrage? | Leopold II |
| During which war did the British fight for territory with gold & diamonds & forced Boers into concentration camps? | Second Boer War |
| What did Cecil Rhodes do in Africa? | Extend the British rule and apartheid inhabitants |
| What country took colonies in northern, central, & western Africa? | France |
| What other European countries joined the Scramble? | Portugal, Italy, Germany |
| What ruler modernized his country & prepared to smash Italian invaders? | Menelik II of Ethiopia |
| How did the British take advantage of the Indian diversity? | By encouraging competition among rival princes |
| Who introduced western education & legal procedures to the Indians? | British |
| What did the British work hard on ending? | Caste system & sati |
| Who was required to serve overseas? | Sepoys |
| Why did Hindus and Muslims refuse to bite cartridges? | They were greased with animal fat |
| Whose revolt did the British crush and place directly under the rule of the British crown? | India |
| What country did Britain see as a market & a source of raw materials? | India |
| In India, what did clearing new farmland lead to? | Deforestation |
| In India, rising population put a strain on __________. | Food supply |
| In India, what did British improve? | Transportation & communication |
| Unlike _______________, most Brits felt Indian culture to be inferior. | Ram Mohan Roy |
| With ________ as leader the Indian National Congress believed in peaceful protest to gain independence. | Gandhi |
| China's balance of trade resulted in ________ - it exported more than it imported. | Surplus |
| During the Opium War, the British refused to do what? | Stop selling drugs in exchange for silver |
| Who won the Opium War? | Britain |
| What did Britain gain from the Opium War? | Indemnity & gained Hong Kong |
| Who won in the Sino-Japanese War? | Japan |
| What did Japan get from China by winning the Sino-Japanese war? | Taiwan |
| Where did European powers move trading rights? | China |
| What did the U.S. call for equal trading rights in China? | Open Door Policy |
| Who reverted to feudalism & isolate its borders? | Tokugawa |
| By the 1800s, who was not a strong leader in Tokugawa anymore? | Shoguns |
| Who carried a presidential letter demanding that Japan opens its ports? | American Commodore Matthew Perry |
| Why did the Japanese centralized government modernize quickly? | Japan was a homogenous society |
| Who owned factories in Japan? | Noble zaibatsu |
| What did the Japanese win in the Russo-Japanese War? | Korea |
| Who ruled Japan at the time? | Meiji |
| Domination by one country o the political, economic, or cultural life of another country/region. | Imperialism |
| Country with its own government but under the control of outside power. | Protectorate |
| Area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment/trading privileges. | Sphere of Influence |
| The system of governing a country as a father would a child. | Paternalistic |
| (1899-1902) A war in which Great Britain defeated the Boers of South Africa | Boer War |
| Custom that called for a widow to join her husband in death by throwing herself on his funeral pyre | Sati |
| Indian soldier who served in an army setup by the French/English trading companies | Sepoy |
| Distribution of military & economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong | Balance of trade |
| Payment for losses in war | Indemnity |
| War between Great Britain & China over restrictions to foreign trade | Opium War |
| War between China & Japan in which Japan gained Taiwan | Sino-Japanese War |
| American approach to China around 1900, favoring open trade relations between China & other nations | Open Door Policy |
| Conflict between Russia & Japan in 1904-1905 over control of Korea & Manchuria | Russo-Japanese War |
Created by:
Masha:)
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