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ch 2 CLA 155
CLA 155 Phlebotomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When was Universal precautions developed? Why? | 1985; response to increased blood-borne diseases (AIDS and hepatitis B) |
| What does Universal precautions assumed? | All blood and most body fluids were potentially infectious. Because it is impossible to know if a patient is infectious, the health care worker treated all patients with universal precautions for infection. |
| In 1996, CDC revised universal precaution and released new set of guidelines called: | Standard precautions |
| What does Standard precautions maintain? | Standard precautions maintain that personal protective equipment and barrier controls must be worn for contact with all body fluids, whether or not blood is visible. |
| What is the goal of Standard precautions? | to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources of infection. |
| What are 5 main points in Standard precautions? | Wash hands, wear gloves, wear protective cover, wear mask and eye protection, place intact needle in designated sharps containers. |
| List 6 major tactics to reduce the risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens: | Engineering controls, work practices, housekeeping, hepatitis B virus vaccine, private rooms, and personal protective equipment |
| Define Engineering Controls: | Engineering controls are physical and mechanical devices that reduce or eliminate the potential to transfer infectious diseases. Ex: self-sheathing needles, sharps containers |
| Define Work Practice Controls: | practices that are incorporated into all health care associates’ work habits to prevent the spread of infection. Ex: Handwashing, Antiseptic technique, Disinfecting solutions, |
| Define Housekeeping: | cleaning up spills and decontaminating soiled areas immediately with a disinfectant such as 10 percent bleach that has been made up fresh daily. Broken glass should not be picked up with the hands. A brush, dustpan, or tongs should be used. |
| Where do you place blood tubes before they are removed from patient's room? | Sealed plastic bag |
| Define "Occupational Safety and Health Administration Standards" (OSHA) | an agency of the federal government that investigates the possibility of unsafe practices in the work environment. |
| Class A fire extinguishers are used: | Class A fires: include foam, dry chemical extinguishers. Fires include combustible materials in lab: wood, plastics, paper; elements that require cooling action of water to extinguish the fire. |
| Class B fire extinguishers are used: | Class B fires: include carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam; fires of flammable liquids and gases; elements require blockage of oxygen from the fire to extinguish it. |
| Class C fire extinguishers are used: | Class C fires: include carbon dioxide and dry chemical extinguishers. fires in electrical equipment. |
| Class D fire extinguishers are used: | Class D fires: include combustible and reactive metals like sodium, potassium, magnesium, lithium. |
| What type of fire extinguishers found in the lab? | Universal ABC type |
| National Fire Protection Association's key word: RACE stands for: | R=rescue anyone in danger A=sound the Alarm C=Contain fire by closing doors and windows E=Extinguish/Evacuate |
| What is the most common electrical equipment a phlebotomist uses? | Centrifuge |
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