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S,E,&C Africa
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which nation has the highest HIV/AIDS infection rate? | Swaziland |
| who rules Swaziland? | King Mswati III |
| Mswati's mother is seen as the _______ head of the state | spiritual |
| how many wives does King Mswati have? | 14 |
| what is the chastity rite in Swaziland? | Umchwasho |
| when was the last Umchwasho? | 2001-2005 |
| what is the fine for violated Umchwasho? | to be fined one cow |
| what is the oldest tribe in southern Africa? | the San(Bushmen) |
| who came after the San in southern Africa? | the Khoikoi(Hottentotts) and the Bantu speaking groups (the Zulu) |
| who were the first people to establish a station in South Africa and where was this station? | the Dutch East India Company; Cape Town |
| who acquired the colony at Cape Town after the Dutch in 1814? | Great Britain |
| who are the Boers? | Dutch descendants in Southern Africa |
| who was the Zulu King? | Shaka |
| where did the Boers "trek" to after the British occupation? | Natal; then later the Orange Free State |
| who first rounded the Cape of Good Hope? | Bartholomew Dias |
| when was the Zulu War and who was fighting and who won? | in 1879; the British and the Zulus; British won |
| when was the First Boer War and who won? | from 1880-1881; the Boers vs. Great Britain; the Boers won |
| when was the Second Boer War and who won? | from 1899-1902; the Boers vs. Great Britain; British won |
| when was the Union of South Africa formed? | 1910 |
| what does Apartheid mean in Afrikaans? | separatism |
| when was the Apartheid? | 1948-1994 |
| what were the Racial groups during the Apartheid? | Black, White, Asian, Colored |
| True or False; during the Apartheid racial groups were forced to live seperately | true |
| what was the Homeland System? | under this system blacks were assigned a "homeland" |
| true or false; under Apartheid, blacks were considered South African citizens | false |
| how many "homelands" were there for blacks? | 10 |
| what is the African National Congress? | began in 1949- a series of civil disobedience |
| Members of the ANC broke off and created ________ which was more ______ | PAC (Pan Africanist Congress); militant |
| When was the Sharpeville Massacre? | March 21, 1960 |
| who became the leader of the ANC? | Nelson Mandela |
| when and why was Mandela sentenced to life in prison? What happened after this? | June of 1964 for treason; the ANC was banned and went underground |
| Who became the president of South Africa in 1990 who lifted the Apartheid? | Frederik de Klerk |
| True or False; Nelson Mandela was released from prison after FW de Klerk was elected. | true |
| when was apartheid abolished? | 1990-1991 |
| who became president of South Africa after FW de Klerk? | Nelson Mandela in 1994 |
| true or false; Nelson Mandela and Frederik de Klerk were awarded a Noble Peace Prize in 1993 | true |
| What are two endemic species of the Kalahari Desert? | the Weaver Birds; the Kalahari Lion |
| true or false: the Bushmen are a nomadic tribe | true |
| who is the most spiritual animal of the Bushmen? | the Eland |
| what are four rituals that the eland appears in? | a boys first kill, girl's puberty, marriage, and trance dance |
| who is the Bushmen trickster figure? | the Kaggen |
| what separates Eastern Africa form the rest of the continent? | the Great Rift Valley |
| what are the three main lakes in Eastern Africa? | Lake Malawi, Lake Victoria, an dLake Tanganyika |
| what is the highest peak in Africa? | Mt. Kilimanjaro |
| why is the Great Rift Valley important from an archeological view? | rich source of fossils; eroding highlands have filled the valley with sediments, a favorable environment for the preservation of remains |
| who is the second oldest skeleton found? | Lucy |
| who is the oldest skeleton found and how old? | Ardi-4.4 million years old |
| what is the longest lake in the world? | Lake Tanganyika |
| what is the source of the Nile? | Lake Victoria |
| what lake is tropical and has freshwater tropical fish? | Lake Malawi |
| in 1895, Rwanda became part of ___ | German East Africa |
| after WWI, Germany lost Rwanda to _____ | Belgium |
| After WWII Rwanda became a _____ | UN Trust territory administered by Belgium |
| what is the most densely populated country in Africa? | Rwanda |
| ______farmers and ______ cattle herders | Hutu; Tutsi |
| who were the first inhabitant of Rwanda | the Twa or Pygmies |
| when did the Hutus migrate to Rwanda from the Congo Basin? | from the 7th to 10th century |
| when did the Tutsis arrive in Rwanda? | the 15th century |
| what were the groups the Belgians divide the Rwandans into and what was the criteria? | Hutu, Tutsi, or Twa; based on nose length and eye color |
| when did the Hutus overcome rule by the Tutsi tribe? | 1959; after Tutsis fled country |
| when was the genocide in Rwanda? | 1994 |
| what were the baskets the Rwandan widows weaved? | Peace Baskets |
| who was the first Hutu president in Rwanda? | Greg Wa Kayabanda |
| who was assassinated in 1994 in Rwanda? | President Habyarimana |
| which country has no centralized government? | Somalia |
| In Somalia, where does authority reside? | the Transitional Federal Government; but many don't obey |
| who ruled Somalia until 1960? | the British in the north and the Italians in the South |
| when did warlords out President Mohamed Siad Barre of Somalia? | 1991 |
| who gave the earliest known reference to a pygmy? | Pharaoh Pepe II |
| who was the congo Pygmy brought to live at the American Museum of Natural History? | Ota Benga |
| the government of this country is one of Africa's rare non-racial, multi party republics | Botswana |
| one of AFrica's three remaining kingdoms, the king has 14 wives | Swaziland |
| the is the most industrious country on the continent of Africa. They have half the world's supplies of gold and diamonds | South Africa |
| the capital of this country is Harare | Zimbabwe |
| located off of the coast of Africa, eggs of the prehistoric elephant bird are still being found here. Almost all of the flora and funa are unique to the island | Madagascar |
| Africa's most densely populated country, currently the government has the highest representation of women in their parliament in the world | Rwanda |
| formerly known as Northern Rhodesia; landlocked but mineral rich | Zambia |
| when this country gained independence in 1960, it became the first Communist government in Africa, much of the country is covered by impenetrable jungle and half the population lives in cities and towns | the Congo |
| when this country overthrew their corrupt dictator in 1997, their name was changed from Zaire. Joseph Conrad wrote his chilling short story "Heart of Darkness" about his experience as a riverboat captain there | the Democratic Republic of Congo |
| the name of this country is Greek for "Land of the Sunburned faces"; is one of the world's oldest Christian nations | Ethiopia |
| the most prosperous nation on the continent; the minority ruling whites have gradually transferred power to the majority blacks | South Africa |
| named after an early African kingdom, whose stone ruins are a major tourist attraction | Zimbabwe |
| known for its white beaches, scenery , game preserves and safaris; earliest human history dates back two million years here | Kenya |
| much of this country is covered by the Kalahari Desert; capital is Gaborone | Botswana |
| known as the "Pearl of Africa" this country should be prosperous with its fertile land and abundant minerals, but a corrupt dictator, civil wars, and tribal conflicts have taken a toll | Uganda |
| this nation is blessed with many natural resources and a pleasant climate but a 14 year war of independence and 14 years of civil war have severely hurt the country | Angola |
| has no recognized central government authority; pirates from this country recently attacked an American ship | Somalia |
| Oil producing country, has the worlds largest supply of manganese, made this country wealthy but little trickles down to the people | Gabon |
| who was the Rwandan Patriotic Front founded by? | the Tutsis in Diaspora |
| who were a militant group of hutu's called? | the Interhamwe |
| who was the first black president of South Africa? | Nelson Mandela |
| who was the corrupt dictator of Uganda? | Idi Amin |
| what percent of Africa lies within the tropics? | 90% |
| what European country supplied weapons to the Hutus? | France |
| who is the leader of the Rwandan Patriotic Front and the current president of Rwanda? | Paul Kagame |
| which river crosses the equator twice? | the Congo River |
| where is Victoria Falls? | on the border of Zambia and Zimbabwe |
| Who named Victoria Falls and after who? | David Livingston; Queen Elizabeth of England |
| what do the locals call Victoria Falls? | "The Smoke that Thunders" |
| who was sent to find Livingston after he disappeared? | Henry Morton Stanley |
| when was Stanley sent to find Livingston? | 1871 |
| who acquired the Congo territory at the Berlin Conference? | King Leopold of Belgium |
| when and what was the Berlin Conference? | in 1885, the colonial powers of Europe met in Berlin to decide who got what territory in Africa. this is where they "carved up Africa" |
| what did Leopold rename the Congo? | the Congo Free State |
| when did Leopold rule the Congo? | from 1885-1908 |
| how did Leopold run the Congo? | with cruelty; villages had rubber quotas and if they didn't meet them they would either kill them or cut off an appendage |
| what was Kinshasa called when Leopold was in power? | Leopoldville |
| what were whips that removed skin called? | Schicotts |
| Who were the two "Whistle Blowers" of the Congo? | Edmund D. Morel and Joseph Conrad |
| how did Edmund Morel contribute to helping the congo? | in Belgium, he noticed that many things were coming in from the Congo but nothing was going back. |
| who was Joseph Conrad and what did he do? | a whistle blower; he traveled to the Congo in 1889 and became the captain of a Congo River steamboat. he wrote the "Heart of Darkness" about his experiences there |
| how much was the population of the Congo reduced between 1885 and 1908? | it was reduced by half |
| who got the Congo Free State after Leopold and what was it named? | the Belgian government; the Belgian Congo |
| when did the Belgian Congo gain independence? what was it called? | 1960; the Democratic Republic of Congo |
| who declared himself president of the Democratic Republic of Congo and when? what did he change the name to? | Joseph Dsir Mobuto; 1965; Zaire |
| David Livingston discovered Victoria Falls in this country, and named the falls for his queen, This is a mineral rich but landlocked country | Zambia |
| The name of this country was changed to Zaire under the corrupt regime of Mobuto. Before that, Leopold II exploited the people and resources of this country | Democratic Republic of Congo |
| Although this country is blessed with many natural resources, a 14 year war of independence followed by a 14 year civil war have left this country in shambles | Angola |
| This country became the first communist government in Africa | the Congo |
| Oil and the production of manganese have made this country one of the wealthiest nations in black Africa. Albert Schweitzer built a hospital here. | Gabon |
| Under Spanish rule this country produced the world's finest cocoa | Equatorial Guinea |
| The highest peak in this country is an active volcano that receives 400 inches of rain a year, making it the wettest spot on the continent | Cameroon |
| the Journalist who uttered the famous words "Dr. Livingston I presume?" | Henry Morton Stanley |
| the shipping clerk who blew the whistle on Leopold's activities in the Congo | Edmund Morel |
| the missionary, physician, and explorer who searched for the source of the Nile and crossed the continent of Africa from coast to coast | Dr. Livingston |
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