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Chap 10
Capillary Puncture Equipment, Principles, & Procedures
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Lancets | are disposable, designed for one use only, and have sterile blades or points. |
| microcollection | collecting small amounts of blood by capillary puncture |
| microtubes | are special small plastic tubes used to collect the tiny amounts of blood obtained from capillary punctures |
| microhematocrit tubes | are disposable, narrow-bore plastic, or plastic-clad glass capillary tubes that fill by capillary action & typically hold 50 - 75 uL of blood |
| capillary blood gas (CBG) tubes | are long thin, narrow-bore capillary tubes. 100 mm in length with capacity of 100 uL. Tube is coated with heparin, typically identified by a green band on the tube. |
| interstitial fluid | tissue fluid from spaces between the cells |
| intracellular fluid | fluid within the cells |
| cyanotic | bluish in color usually from a shortage of oxygen in the blood |
| edematous | swollen with fluid |
| palmar surface | underside or grasping surface of the hand |
| whorls | spiral pattern |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone marrow & adjacent bone |
| osteochondritis | inflammation of the bone & cartilage, due to infection |
| calcaneus | heel bone |
| plantar surface | sole or bottom of the heel |
| posterior curvature | back of the heel |
| arterialized | a specimen obtained from a warmed site |
| kernicterus | brain dysfunction caused by toxic levels of bilirubin |
| phototherapy | when jaundiced infants can be placed under special lights to lower their bilirubin levels. |
| neonatal screening (NBS) | is a test that is preformed on infants to detect serious health conditions that can be present at birth even though affected infants may not show symptoms of them at first. |
| phenylketonuria (PKU) | is a genetic disorder characterized by a defect in the enzyme that breaks down the amino acid phenylalanine, converting it intothe amino acid tyrosine. |
| hypothyroidism | is a disorder that is characterized by insufficient levels of thyroid hormones. |
| galactosemia | is an inherited disorder characterized by lack of the enzyme needed to convert the milk sugar galactose into glucose needed by the body for energy. |
| cystic fibrosis | is a genetic disorder caused by one or more mutations in the gene that directs a protein responsible for regulating the transport of chloride across cell membranes |
| blood film/smear | a drop of blood spread thin on a microscope slide |
| differential (Diff) | a test in which the number, type, and characteristics of blood cells are determined by examining a stained blood smear under a microscope |
| feather | the thinnest area of a properly made smear |
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