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CCC-Medical Lab
chapter 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| septum | a wall of tissue separating the heart's right and left sides |
| atrium | one of the two upper chambers in the heart that receives blood from the circulatory system. |
| ventricles | one of two large chambers toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs |
| endocardium | inside layer of the heart |
| myocardium | muscular middle layer of the heart |
| epicardium | outside layer of the heart |
| valves | flaps of tissue that open in one direction to let blood pass. closes to prevent back-flow of blood into the atria |
| aorta | main artery that carries blood away from your heart to the rest of your body. |
| pulmonary | blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood from the right side of your heart to your lungs. |
| coronary circulation | carries blood to the heart |
| pulmonary circulation | deoxygenated blood enters heart and sent to the lungs to be oxygenated |
| systemic circulation | delivers oxygenated blood to all parts of body |
| artery | efferent vessels carries blood away from the heart to the tissues |
| efferent | outward or away from |
| arteriole | smaller branch of artery |
| capillary | smallest of the blood vessels exchange of nutrients and oxygen between cells and blood |
| vessel lumen | inside space of the vessels |
| tunica adventitia | outer layer of the vessels |
| tunica media | middle muscular layer of vessels |
| tunica intima | inner layer of the vessels |
| venule | smaller branch of vein |
| vein | afferent this vessel transport blood away from body tissues back to heart |
| afferent | inward or toward |
| hematopoietic | the formation of blood cellular components |
| Hematoma | when blood collects under the skin surface causing swelling |
| antecubital fossa | front of the elbow, area were you will draw blood |
| lymphostasis | when patients have had a mastectomy due to lack of lymph fluid |
| median cubital | 1st vein of choice for venipuncture procedures |
| cephalic | 2nd vein of choice for venipuncture procedures, vein located along the thumb side |
| basilic | veins located along the pinkie side |
| dorsal arch | 3rd vein of choice for venipuncture procedures , veins in the back of the hand |
| platelets | AKA thrombocytes, clotting cells |
| leukocytes | responsible for destroying foreign substances |
| phagocytosis | engulf foreign substances |
| diapedesis | pass through the capillaries walls does not have to travel through the vessel lumen |
| erythrocytes | originate in bone marrow, called stem cells, biconcave in shape and lives 120 days before hemolyzed |
| anemia | condition were patient has lower rbc count |
| hemolysis | destruction of rbc , breaking down of |
| bilirubin | produced during the breakdown of rbc high levels of bilirubin in the blood can cause jaundice |
| monocyte | WBC have 1 nucleus, largest WBC, goes through phagocytosis & increases during chronic infections |
| hematoma | blood pools under the skin surface causing swelling |
| antecubital fossa | the bend of the elbow |
| lymphostasis | patients who have a lack of lymph fluid due to mastectomy in those cases venipuncture should be drawn on the opposite side |
| formed elements | RBC, WBC & thrombocytes |
| bilirubin | produced during the breakdown of RBC |
| hemolysis | the destruction of RBC, the breaking down of |
| jaundice | yellow pigment left from the destruction of |
| Neutophils | WBC performs phagocytosis levels increase during infection and imflammation |
| Eosinophils | increase when there is a parasitic infection & allergies |
| Basophils | increase when inflammation, release histamine & heparin |
| Lymphocytes | B cells release antibody that sticks to foreign invader, T cell constantly scans the body |
| NK Cells | form of WBC that responds to stressed cells, increase during viral infection |
| fibrinogen | a protein that aids in clotting |
| iatrogenic anemia | drawing too much blood over a short period of time |
| Hemostasis | the controlling of the blood flow |
| vascoconstriction | 1st phase of hemostasis when injury occurs (blood vessel spasm) |
| platelet plug | 2nd phase of hemostasis, clotting cells create a plug at the site of injury |
| coagulation | 3rd phase of hemostasis, clot forms at the injury site |
| Fibrinolysis | 4th phase of hemostasis, the breaking down of the clot |
| antigens | proteins on the surface of red blood cells |
| type A | this type blood has the A antigen & B antibody |
| type B | this type of blood has the B antigen & A antigen |
| type AB | this type of blood has A & B antigen |
| type O | this type of blood does not have A nor B antigen & has A & B antibody |
| agglutination | the clumping of RBC |
| RH factor | (Rhesus factor) assigned the D antigen discovered by Karl Landsteiner doing research on the Rhesus Monkey |
Created by:
Kfoulkes
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