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phlebotomy
phlebotomy student manual chapter 1 & 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is PPE | Personal Protective Equipment |
| Common PPE | Gloves, eyewear , gowns , face shield , shoes |
| Biohazard disposal | Sharps box's / red bags |
| Standard Precautions are used for/as ? | A effective method to prevent infections |
| what is # 1 of standard precautions | hand washing and hand sanitizer |
| what #2 of standard precautions | proper use of ppe |
| what # 3 of standard precautions | respiratory hygiene ( cough / sneeze etiquette ) |
| what # 4 of standard precautions | safe injection practices |
| what # 5 of standard precautions | safe handling of infectious materials ( surfaces ,tissue , and equipment ) |
| when in contact/contaminated with blood ? | go through hand washings steps , the do a alcohol was and air dry , the go through hand washing steps again |
| what is a microorganism | microbes |
| what is a pathogen | infectious microbes |
| what is a infection | invasion/ attack of a host organism's body tissues by a diseases causing organism, their multiplication and the toxins they produce |
| laboratory acquired infection is | acquired from patient/ specimen contact |
| how can one come into contact with a laboratory acquired infection | inhaled , swallowed , touch mucous membranes (eyes) |
| types of isolation in a hospital | strict / complete , droplet ,blood an body fluids , respiratory ,contact , and reverse |
| strict and complete contact | why - patient has a contagious disease that can be spread via air or direct contact PPE- mask EX- measles, staph infection |
| droplet contact | why - patient has a contagious disease that can be spread via droplets of mucous PPE- mask EX- pertussis , meningitis |
| blood and body fluids | why - patient has a infection that can be transmitted via bodily fluids PPE- gloves EX- HIV , dysentery |
| respiratory contact | why - patient has a infection that can be transmitted via exhaled particles PPE- mask and N95 respirator EX- tuberculosis , whooping cough |
| reverse contact | why - patient is or could be susceptible to infection PPE- follow signage EX- transplant patients , immune compromised patients , burn victims |
| contact isolation | why- patient has an infection that can be spread through direct contact EX- skin and wound infections PPE- gloves |
| government agencies related to clinical safety | food and drug administration ( FDA ) , center for disease control and prevention ( CDC ) , OSHA ( occupational safety and health administration |
| food and drug administration ( FDA ) | regulation of drugs |
| center for disease control and prevention ( CDC ) | public health |
| OSHA ( occupational safety and health administration | work place safety/ employee training |
| collection system which uses | a double sided needle ,needled holder , and a evacuated tube |
| what the most commonly use gauges | 21g and 22g |
| the larger the number | the smaller the needle |
| small or fragile veins | 23-25g (small) |
| most venipunctures | 21- 22g (medium) |
| blood donation | 16-18g (large) |
| supplies needed foe a venipuncture | gloves , 70% alcohol wipe , gauze pads , bandages , tourniquet , hub , double sided needle , evacuated tube |
| TTN | Tourniquet , tube , needle |
| steps for a venipuncture | prepare, position, gloves, tourniquet, palpate, clean area, anchor, remove cap/ perform puncture, tube, fill, tourniquet, remove tube/safety , gauze, invert , label , bandage/ after care , clean up , blood to lab |
| tube needs to be labeled with | patients name , birthday , dare of draw and time , and phlebotomist's initials |
| what is the purpose of standard precautions | to protect workers and pts from illness / injury |
| why should you wash your hands before break | to reduce the risk of hospital/lab infection |
| if a patient is under isolation PPE should be put on when and why | PPE should be put of before entering pts room to prevent anytime of you or your pts being unprotected |
| what factors effect whether a person will become infected with a disease after being exposed to the pathogen | the amount / vivaulence of the pathogen and the health / susceptivity of the person exposed |
| what is the purpose of a tourniquet | make veins easier to find and helps keep blood contained to and in the site |
| what happens or could happen if a tourniquet is left on the pts arm for too long | hemoconcentration, hematoma " hemolyzed" |
| what is a advantage of using a smaller needle gauge | less pain and works good with smaller veins |
| what is a disadvantage of using a smaller needle gauge | higher risk of hemolyzed sample |
| why is it important to fill the tube up | so the additives and blood are at the right ratio and so that the sample dose hemolyzes |
| what causes the blood to flow into the tube | evacuated tube crate a vacuum |
| nosocomial | a hospital acquired infection |
| what is the bevel | small teardrop hole on the top of the needle |
| which way should the bevel be pointed during a blood draw | up |
| when cleaning are with a alcohol pad you should | be moving in a outward spiral motion |
| "AC" stands for | Antecubital fossa / antecubital veins |
| what veins are located in the "ac" | the median cubital , cephalic , and the basilic |
| median cubital | first choice, large enough to palpate , good support , stability, least likely to develop hematoma or injure other structures |
| cephalic | 2nd choice, harder to palpate in most pts , on other edge of "ac" , good choice for obese pts, or with difficult veins , harder to get in a comfortable position |
| basilic | last choice, large and east to palpate in most pts , on top of other structures in arm ( nerve, artery ), greatest risk for pain/injury , potentially irreparable damage |
| the basilic is on top of what | the cutaneous nerve and the brachial artery |
| better the turgor better the what | better the blood flow |
| criteria for vein selection | location, size, depth, direction, condition, turgor |
| what is turgor | the bounce or resilience of the vein |
| bumpy veins are | unsuitable for draw |
| deep veins are | very suitable for draw |
| muscular veins are | suitable for draw |
| heavy arms are | suitable for draw |
| hard, cord like veins are | unsuitable for draw |
| rolling veins are | unsuitable for draw |
| small veins are | unsuitable for draw |
| swollen veins are | unsuitable for draw |
| what makes a hand draw different | smaller , unstable veins . injury is more likely |
| how long should the pts have the bandage on for after the draw and what should they not be doing | bandage on for 10-15 mins after and no heavy lifting for at least a hour |
| where should the tourniquet be placed | 3-6 inches above the draw site |
Created by:
13ailey
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