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Southeastern SA TG 4
Southeastern Institute SA Trail Guide Chapter 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ribs are also known as | Costals |
| O - T12 to L3 I - 9th to 12th ribs | Serratus posterior inferior |
| These muscles are found between the ribs | Intercostals |
| How many vertebrae are in the vertebral column? | 24 |
| O - C7 to T3 spinous processes I - 2nd to 5th ribs | Serratus posterior superior |
| What kind of ribs are the 11th and 12th considered? | Floating |
| This lower back muscle depresses the ribs during exhalation. | Serratus posterior inferior |
| In Latin, this means "white line." | Linea alba |
| What are the most moveable vertebrae? | Cervical |
| O - spinous C2 I - transverse C1 | Oblique capitis inferior |
| O - iliac crest, inguinal ligament & thoracolumbar fascia I - lower 3 ribs, abdominal aponeurosis & linea alba | Internal obliques |
| Finlike sheet of connective tissue that runs from the external occipital protuberance to the spinous process of C-7 | Ligamentum nuchae |
| O - spinous processes of upper lumbar & lower thoracic vertebrae & ligamentum nuchae I - spinous procecess of upper thoracic & lower cervicals | Spinalis |
| What part of the vertebral column is limited in rotation? | Lumbar |
| External obliques rotate the vertebral column to the ________________ side. | Opposite |
| O - inguinal ligament, iliac crest, lower 6 ribs I - abdominal aponeurosis and linea alba | Transverse abdominis |
| The "washboard belly" is formed by what muscle? | Rectus abdominis |
| Ligament that extends inferiorly from the ligamentum nuchae | Supraspinous ligament |
| This dome shaped muscle is the main muscle of respiration. | Diaphragm |
| O - Spinous process C2 I - nuchal line | Rectus capitis posterior major |
| A broad flat tendon stretching across the thorax and lumbar regions | Thoracolumbar aponeurosis |
| Multifidi and rotators bilaterally perform what action on the vertebral column | Extend |
| All of these muscles flex the vertebral column | Abdominal |
| O - posterior iliac crest I - 12th rib & the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae | Quadratus lumborum |
| This muscle compresses the abdominal contents and helps with forced exhalation. | Transverse abdominis |
| A broad flat tendon | Aponeurosis |
| The abdominal obliques flex the vetebral column to the _______________ side. | Same |
| O - lower 8 ribs I - iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba | External obliques |
| Rectus Capitis Posterior Major and Obliques Capitis Inferior (the suboccipital muscles that originate from C2) rotate the head to the ______________ side. | Same |
| Multifidi and rotators can be easily felt where? | Lamina groove |
| All of the suboccipitals that insert onto the occiput bring the head back into ____________. | Extension |
| O - pubic crest and symphysis I - 5th, 6th, & 7th rib cartilage and the xiphoid process | Rectus abdominis |
| O - common tendon & posterior surface of ribs 1 – 12 I - ribs 1 -12 and transverse processes of L1- L3 & lower cervicals | Iliocostalis |
| This muscle is known as the "hip hiker" because it unilaterally tilts the pelvis, flex the vertebral column to the same side and can help extend the vertebral column | Quadratus lumborum |
| This abdominal muscle only flexes the vertebral column | Rectus abdominis |
| O - common tendon & transverse processes of upper 5 thoracic vertebrae I - lower 9 ribs, transverse processes of thoracic & cervical vertebrae & mastoid process | Longissimus |
| What part of the vertebral column has limited movement? | Thoracic |
| This entire muscle group unilaterally flex the vertebral column to the same side and bilaterally extend the vertebral column | Erector spinae |
| Which suboccipital is not part of the suboccipital triangle? | Rectus capitis posterior minor |
| Internal obliques rotate the vertebral column to the _______________ side. | Same |
| Deepest abdominal muscle | Transverse abdominis |
| Trough-like space between the spinous and transverse processes | Lamina groove |
| These two muscles Unilaterally: rotate the head and neck to the same side & Bilaterally: extend the head and neck | Splenius capitis & cervicis |
| O -Transverse C1 I – occiput | Oblique capitis superior |
| O – atlas I - nuchal line | Rectus capitis posterior minor |
| This upper back muscle elevates the ribs during inhalation. | Serratus posterior superior |
| A vertebrae's posterior projection | spinous process |
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cmcracken
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