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Chabner12-Ch10Focus
SSC MOA program 2024 - focus points Chapter 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| -blast | embryonic; immature cell |
| encephal/o | brain |
| kines/o | movement |
| kinesi/o | movement |
| -kinesia | movement |
| myel/o | spinal cord; bone marrow |
| -paresis | weakness |
| -praxia | action |
| radicul/o | nerve root |
| -sthenia | strength |
| afferent nerve | Carries messages TOWARD the brain and spinal cord. (sensory nerve) |
| Alzheimer disease - symptoms | gradual and progressive mental deterioration, personality changes, impairment of daily functioning. |
| aneurysm | Weakening of an arterial wall, which may lead to hemorrhage and cerebrovascular accident (stroke) |
| aphasia | Inability to speak. Language function is impaired due to injury to the cerebral cortex. |
| ataxia | Without coordination. |
| autonomic nervous system | Nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs. |
| blood-brain barrier | Protective separation between blood and brain cells. Makes it difficult for some substances (ie: anticancer drugs) to penetrate capillary walls and enter the brain. |
| bradykinesia | slow movement. |
| cauda equina | Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord. |
| causalgia | Intense burning pain, often resulting from injury to a peripheral nerve. |
| cerebellum | Posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance. |
| cerebral concussion | Type of traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head. Rest is important to allow brain to heal. (nothing that stimulates the eyes, including computers) |
| dementia | Mental decline and deterioration. |
| dendrite | Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell (neuron) that is the first part to receive the nervous impule. |
| dopamine | Neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Difficient in patients with Parkinson disease. |
| efferent nerve | Carries messages AWAY from the brain and spinal cord. (motor nerve) |
| embolus | (singular) Clot of material that travels through the bloodstream and suddenly blocks a vessel. |
| encephalitis | Inflammation of the brain. |
| epilepsy - symptoms | recurrent seizures, abnormal nervous impulses. |
| gait | Manner of walking |
| glioblastoma | Malignant brain tumour of immature glial cells. |
| gyrus | [plural: gyri] -- Sheet of nerve cells that produces a rounded ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex. (convolution) |
| hemiparesis | Slight paralysis of the right or left half of the body. |
| hypothalamus | Region of the brain lying below the thalamus, but above the pituitary gland. Stimulates pituitary gland to secrete and release hormones. |
| medulla oblongata | Lower part of the brain, closest to the spinal cord. Controls breathing, heartbeat, and size of blood vessels. |
| multiple sclerosis | Chronic neurologic disorder marked by destruction of the myelin sheath on axons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue. Symptoms: paresthesias, muscle weakness, unsteady gait, paralysis. |
| myelin sheath | Fatty, white covering over the axon of a nerve cell. |
| myoneural | Pertaining to muscle and nerve. |
| neuralgia | Nerve pain. |
| neurotransmitter | chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell. ie: dopamine, seratonin, acetylcholine, norepinephrine, GABA, epinephrine, histamine, oxytocin, etc. |
| paraplegia | Paralysis of the lower part of the body and both legs. |
| peripheral nervous system | Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. |
| plexus | network of nerves outside of the central nervous system. includes brachial, cervical, and lumbosacral plexuses. |
| polyneuritis | Inflammation of many nerves |
| spina bifida - symptoms | Spinal cord and meninges may herniate through the vertebral gap. |
| synapse | Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or glandular cells. |
| syncope | Fainting. Temporary loss of consciousness. |
| thalamus | Main relay centre of the brain. Optic nerve fibers pass through the thalamus on their way to the cerebral cortex. |
| vagus nerve | Tenth cranial nerve with branches to the chest and abominal regions. |
| multiple sclerosis (symptoms) | paresthesias (abnormal nervous sensations), muscle weakness, unsteady gait, paralysis. |
Created by:
anotherstudent
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