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Chabner12-Ch09Vocab
Chabner, Language of Medicine 12th Ed, Chapter 09 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| androgen | Male hormone secreted by the testes; responsible for developing and maintaining male secondary sex characteristics. |
| aspermia | Failure to produce semen |
| azoospermia | Lack of sperm in the semen |
| balanitis | Inflammation of the glans penis |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | [BPH] -- Prostatic enlargement (nonmalignant) |
| bulbourethral glands | [Cowper glands] -- Pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra. They secrete fluid into the urethra. |
| castration | Removal of the sex glands (gonads). Ovaries or testes. |
| chancre | Genital ulcer commonly formed during the primary stage of syphilis in males and females. |
| chlamydia | Bacterial infection of the urethra and reproductive tract in men and women. |
| circumcision | Rermoval of the prepuce (foreskin). It is a common "elective" procedure performed shortly after birth. |
| cryogenic surgery | Use of extremely cold temperatures to freeze or destroy tissue. |
| cryptorchidism | One or both testes faul to descend into the scrotal sac near the time of birth. |
| digital rectal exam | Finger palpation through the anus and rectum to examine the prostate gland. |
| ejaculation | Ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra. |
| ejaculatory duct | Tube through which semen enters the male urethra. |
| embryonal carcinoma | Type of testicular cancer. |
| epididymis | [plural: epididymides] -- One of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes above each testis. It stores and carries sperm from sminiferous tubules to the vas deferens |
| epididymitis | Inflammation of the epididymis |
| erectile dysfunction | Inability of an adult male to achieve an erection. a.k.a. impotence. |
| flagellum | Hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile. |
| fraternal twins | Two infants resulting from fertilization of two separate ova by two separate sperm cells. |
| glans penis | Sensitive tip of the penis. |
| gonorrhea | sexually transmitted infection (STI) involving inflammation of genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci. |
| herpes genitalis | Sexually transmitted infection of the skin and genital mucosa, caused by herpes simplex virus. Marked by blisters. |
| human papillomavirus | [HPV] -- Infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus. |
| hydrocele | Hernia (clear sac of watery fluid) within the scrotum. |
| hypospadias | Congenital anomaly in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis. |
| identical twins | Two infants resulting from division of a single fertilized egg. |
| impotence | Inability of an adult male to achieve an erection. a.k.a. erectile dysfunction |
| infertility | In a male, any problem that lowers the chances of his female partner getting pregnant. |
| interstitial cells of the testes | [Leydig cells] -- Specialized cells that lie adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testes. |
| ligation | Tying off a tube or blood vessel. |
| oligospermia | Scanty sperm count. |
| orchiectomy | Removal of a testis |
| orchiopexy | Surgical fixation of an undescended testis into the scrotum. (procedure to fix cryptorchidism) |
| orchitis | Inflammation of a testis. |
| parenchymal tissue | Essential distinctive cells of an organ. In the testis, the seminiferous tubules are parenchymal. |
| penile | Pertaining to the penis. |
| penis | Male external organ of reproduction. |
| penoscrotal | Pertaining to the penis and scrotum. |
| perineum | Females: area between the anus and the vagina. Males: region between anus and scrotum. |
| Peyronie disease | Abnormal curvature of the penis. |
| phimosis | Narrowing of the opening of the foreskin over the glans penis. |
| photoselective vaporization of the prostate | Removal of tissue to treat bening prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser. |
| prepuce | Foreskin. Fold of skin covering the tip of the penis. |
| prostate cancer | Malignant tumour of the prostate gland. |
| prostate gland | Exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. Secretes fluid that contributes to semen during ejaculation. |
| prostatectomy | Removal of the prostate gland. |
| prostatitis | Inflammation of the prostate gland. |
| purulent | Pus-filled; forming or containing pus. |
| scrotum | External sac that contains the testes. |
| semen | Spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions) discharged from urethra during ejaculation. |
| semen analysis | Microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid. |
| seminal vesicles | Paired sac-like exocrine glands that secrete fluid (a major component of semen) into the vas deferens. |
| seminiferous tubules | Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes. |
| seminoma | Malignant tumour of a testis |
| spermatogenesis | Formation of sperm cells |
| spermatozoa | [plural] -- Sperm cells |
| spermatozoon | [singular] -- Single sperm cell |
| spermolytic | Pertaining to the destruction of sperm cells. |
| sterilization | Procedure that removes a person's ability to produce or release reproductive cells. Includes removal of testicles, vasectomy, and oophorectomy. |
| stromal tissue | [stroma] -- Supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma. |
| syphilis | Sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria (spirochetes). A chancre (ulcer) on the genitalia is a characteristic lesion. |
| teratoma | Malignant tumour of a testis or ovary. Composed of embyonic cells that develop into different types of tissue. |
| testicular | Pertaining to a testis or testicle. |
| testicular cancer | Malignant tumour of the testicles. |
| testicular torsion | Twisting of the spermatic cord and blood vessels of the testes. |
| testis | [plural: testes] -- Male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and testosterone. |
| testoterone | Hormone secreted by the interstitial tissue of the testes. Responsible for male sex characteristics. |
| transurethral resection of the prostate | [TURP] -- Removal of portions of prostate gland through the urethra. |
| varicocele | Enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle. |
| vas deferens | [ductus deferens] -- Narrow tube (one on each side) carrying sperm from the epididymis toward the urethra. |
| vasectomy | Bilateral surgical removal of part of the vas deferens. Male sterilization. |
| vasovasostomy | Rejoining the cut ends of the vas deferens to restore male fertility. (reversal of a vasectomy) |
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