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MT Ch4 Integumentary
CHAPTER 4 Medical Terminology - McGraw Hill 2023
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adip/o | fatty |
| cutan/o | skin |
| dermat/o, derm/o | skin |
| hidr/o | sweat |
| ichthy/o | fish, scaly |
| kerat/o | horny tissue |
| lip/o | fatty |
| melan/o | black, very dark |
| myc/o | fungus |
| onych/o | nail |
| pil/o | hair |
| seb/o | sebum, sebaceous glands |
| steat/o | fat |
| trch/o | hair |
| xanth/o | yellow |
| xer/o | dry |
| dermatology | Medical specialty that deals with diseases of the skin. |
| exudate | Any fluid excreted out of tissue, especially fluid excreted out of an injury to the skin. |
| patch test | Test for allergic sensitivity in which a small dose of antigen is applied to the skin on a small piece of gauze. |
| scratch test | Test for allergic sensitivity in which a small amount of antigen is scratched onto the surface of the skin. |
| intradermal | Test that injects antigen or protein between layers of skin. |
| Mantoux test | Test for tuberculosis in which a small dose of tuberculin is injected intradermally with a syringe. |
| Purified protein derivative (PPD) | Diagnostic aid in the detection of tuberculosis. |
| TB tine, tine test | Screening test for tuberculosis in which a small dose of tuberculin is injected into a series of sites within a small space with a tine (instrument that punctures the surface of the skin). |
| Lesion | A wound, damage, or injury to the skin. |
| Vascular lesion | Lesion in a blood vessel that shows through the skin. |
| Macule | Small, flat, noticeable colored spot on the skin. |
| Patch | Small area of skin differing in color from the surrounding area. |
| Papule | Solid elevation on the skin. |
| Nodule | Small knob of tissue. |
| Plaque | Small area of skin differing in color from the surrounding area; buildup of solid material, such as a fatty deposit, on the lining of an artery. |
| Polyp | Bulging mass of tissue that projects outward from the skin surface. |
| Pediculated polyp | Polyp that projects upward from a slender stalk. |
| Sessile polyp | Polyp that projects upward from a broad base. |
| Tumor | Any mass of tissue; swelling. |
| Wheal | Itchy patch of raised skin. |
| Bulla (pl. Bullae) | Bubble-like blister on the surface of the skin. |
| Pustule | Small elevation on the skin containing pus. |
| Vesicle | Small, raised sac on the skin containing fluid. |
| Cyst | Abnormal sac containing fluid. |
| Pilonidal cyst | Cyst containing hair usually found at the lower end of the spinal column. |
| Sebaceous cyst | Cyst containing yellow sebum. |
| Erosion | Wearing away of the surface of the skin, especially when caused by friction. |
| Excoriation | Injury to the surface of the skin caused by a scratch, abrasion, or burn, usually accompanied by some oozing. |
| Fissure | Deep slit in the skin; deep furrow or slit (as in bone); one of many indentations of the cerebrum; sulcus. |
| Ulcer | Open lesion, usually with superficial loss of tissue. |
| Decubitus | Chronic ulcer on skin over bony parts that are under constant pressure; pressure sore. |
| Pressure ulcer, pressure sore | Chronic ulcer on skin over bony parts that are under constant pressure. |
| Crust | Hard layer, especially one formed by dried pus, as in a scab. |
| Keloid | Thick scarring of the skin that forms after an injury or surgery. |
| Skin graft | Placement of fresh skin over a damaged area. |
| Autograft | Skin graft using skin from one's own body. |
| Allograft | Skin graft using donor skin from one person to another; homograft. |
| Homograft | Skin graft using donor skin from one person to another; allograft. |
| Heterograft | Skin graft using donor skin from one species to another; xenograft. |
| Xenograt | Skin graft using donor skin from one species to another; heterograft. |
| Cryosurgery | Surgery that removes tissues by freezing it with liquid nitrogen, removal or destruction of tissue using cold temperatures. |
| Dermabrasion | Removal of wrinkles, scars, tattoo,s and other marks by scraping with brushes or emery papers. |
| Cauterized | To apply heat to an area to cause coagulation and stop bleeding. |
| Biopsy | Excision of tissue for microscopic examination. |
| Mohs' surgery | After Frederic Edward Mohs, US surgeon; removal of thin layers of malignant tissue until nonmalignant tissue is found. |
| Chemotherapy | Treatment of cancer that uses chemicals to destroy malignant cells. |
| Radiation therapy | Treatment of cancer that uses ionizing radiation to destroy malignant cells. |
| Ultraviolet light | Artificial sunlight used to treat some skin lesions. |
| Antihistamines | Agent that controls allergic reactions by blocking the effectiveness of histamines in the body. |
| Antibiotics | Agent that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms. |
| Antiseptics | Agent that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms. |
| Antibacterials | Agent that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. |
| Antifungals | Agent that kills or slows the growth of fungi. |
| Anti-inflammatory | Agent that relives the symptoms of inflammation. |
| Corticosteroids | Agent with anti-inflammatory properties. |
| Antipruritics | Agent that controls itching. |
| Anesthetic | Agent that relives pain by blocking nerve sensations. |
| Emollients | Agent that smooths or softens skin. |
| Astringents | Agent that removes excess oils and impurities from the surface of the skin. |
| Keratolytics | Agent that aids in the removal of warts and corns. |
| Alpha-hydroxy acids | Agent added to cosmetics to improve the skin's appearance. |
| Abscess | Localized collection of pus and other exudate; usually accompanied by swelling and redness. |
| Acne | Inflammatory eruption of the skin; occurring in or near sebaceous glands of the face, neck, shoulders, or upper back. |
| Acne vulgaris | Inflammatory eruption of the skin; occurring in or near sebaceous glands on the face, neck, shoulders, or upper back. |
| Adipose | Fatty; relating to fat. |
| Albinism | Rare; congenital condition causing either partial or total lack of pigmentation. |
| Alopecia | Lack of hair in spots; baldness. |
| Alopecia areata | Loss of hair in patches. |
| Basal cell carcinoma | Slow-growing cancer of basal cells of the epidermis, usually a result of sun damage. |
| Biopsy | Excision of tissue for microscopic examination. |
| Birthmark | Lesion (especially a hemangioma) visible at or soon after birth; nevus. |
| Blackhead | Open hair follicle filled with bacteria and sebum; common in acne; comedo. |
| Burn | Damage to the skin caused by exposure to heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or other skin irritants. |
| Callus | Mass of hard skin that forms as a cover over broken skin on certain areas of the body, especially the feet and hands. |
| Candidiasis | Yeastlike fungus on the skin, caused by Candida; characterized by pruritus, white exudate, peeling, and easy bleeding; examples are thrush and diaper rash. |
| Carbuncle | Infected area of the skin producing pus and usually accompanied by fever. |
| Cauterize | To apply heat to an area to cause coagulation and stop bleeding. |
| Cellulitis | Severe inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous portions of the skin, usually caused by an infection that enters the skin through an opening, as a wound; characterized by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling. |
| Ceruminous glands | Glands that secrete a waxy substance on the surface of the ear. |
| Cherry angioma | A dome-shaped vascular lesion that usually occurs in the elderly. |
| Chloasma | Group of a fairly large, pigmented facial patches, often associated with pregnancy. |
| Cicatrix | Growth of fibrous tissue inside a wound that forms a scar; also, general term for scar. |
| Cold sore | Eruption around the mouth or lips; herpes simplex virus Type 1. |
| Collagen | Major protein substance that is tough and flexible and that forms connective tissue in the body. |
| Comedo | Open hair follicle filled with bacteria and sebum; common in acne; blackhead. |
| Corn | Growth of hard skin, usually on the toes. |
| Eczema | Severe inflammatory condition of the skin, usually of unknown cause. |
| Emollient | Agent that smooths or softens skin. |
| Epidermis | Outer portion of the skin containing several strata. |
| Purpura | Skin condition with extensive hemorrhages underneath the skin covering a wide area. |
| Rosacea | Vascular disease that causes blotchy, red patches on the skin, particularly on the nose and cheeks. |
| Roseola | Skin eruption of small ,rosy patches, usually caused by a virus. |
| Rubella | Disease that causes a viral skin rash; German measles. |
| Scabies | Skin eruption caused by a mite burrowing in the skin. |
| Scleroderma | Thickening of the skin caused by an increase in collagen formation. |
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