Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565; he reunited the parts of the Roman Empire, simplified Roman laws with Justinian’s Code, and ordered Hagia Sophia built.

the body of Roman civil law collected and organized by order of the Byzantine emperor Justinian around AD 534.

a principal bishop in the eastern branch of Christianity.

a religious image used by eastern Christians.

an alphabet for the writing of Slavic languages, devised in the ninth century AD by Saints Cyril and Methodius.

a people from the forests north of the Black Sea, ancestors of many peoples in Eastern Europe today.

Grand prince of Kiev; he converted to Orthodox Christianity in the 980s and made it the state religion.

Grand duke of Kiev from 1019 to 1054; he promoted Christianity and civilization in Russia and began a codiﬁcation of the law.

Russian hero; he defeated the Swedes and the Teutonic knights. As grand duke of Kiev, he was vassal of the Mongols, who controlled much of Russia at the time.

Prince of Moscow, openly challenged Mongol rule and publicly claimed his intent to make Russia the “Third Rome.” The Russian state became an official empire during his 43-year long rule.

a Russian emperor (from the Roman title Caesar).

the era in European history that followed the fall of the Roman Empire, lasting from about 500 to 1500—also called the medieval period.

a Germanic people who settled in the Roman province of Gaul (roughly the area now occupied by France) and established a great empire during the Middle Ages.

a religious community of men (called monks) who have given up their possessions to devote themselves to a life of prayer and worship.

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters.

King of the Franks from 768 to 814; he united much of France, Germany and northern Italy in one Frankish empire; crowned Emperor of the Roman people in 800.

in feudal Europe, a person who controlled land and could therefore grant estates to vassals.

an estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system in medieval Europe.

in feudal Europe, a person who received a grant of land from a lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and services.

in medieval Europe, an armored warrior who fought on horseback.

a medieval peasant legally bound to live on a lord’s estate.

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WH - Unit 4

The Early Middle Ages

Term	Definition
Justinian	Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565; he reunited the parts of the Roman Empire, simplified Roman laws with Justinian’s Code, and ordered Hagia Sophia built.
Justinian's Code	the body of Roman civil law collected and organized by order of the Byzantine emperor Justinian around AD 534.
Patriarch	a principal bishop in the eastern branch of Christianity.
Icon	a religious image used by eastern Christians.
Cyrillic Alphabet	an alphabet for the writing of Slavic languages, devised in the ninth century AD by Saints Cyril and Methodius.
Slavs	a people from the forests north of the Black Sea, ancestors of many peoples in Eastern Europe today.
Vladimir	Grand prince of Kiev; he converted to Orthodox Christianity in the 980s and made it the state religion.
Yaroslav the Wise	Grand duke of Kiev from 1019 to 1054; he promoted Christianity and civilization in Russia and began a codiﬁcation of the law.
Alexander Nevsky	Russian hero; he defeated the Swedes and the Teutonic knights. As grand duke of Kiev, he was vassal of the Mongols, who controlled much of Russia at the time.
Ivan III	Prince of Moscow, openly challenged Mongol rule and publicly claimed his intent to make Russia the “Third Rome.” The Russian state became an official empire during his 43-year long rule.
Czar	a Russian emperor (from the Roman title Caesar).
Middle Ages	the era in European history that followed the fall of the Roman Empire, lasting from about 500 to 1500—also called the medieval period.
Franks	a Germanic people who settled in the Roman province of Gaul (roughly the area now occupied by France) and established a great empire during the Middle Ages.
Monastery	a religious community of men (called monks) who have given up their possessions to devote themselves to a life of prayer and worship.
Secular	concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters.
Charlemagne	King of the Franks from 768 to 814; he united much of France, Germany and northern Italy in one Frankish empire; crowned Emperor of the Roman people in 800.
Lord	in feudal Europe, a person who controlled land and could therefore grant estates to vassals.
Fief	an estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system in medieval Europe.
Vassal	in feudal Europe, a person who received a grant of land from a lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and services.
Knight	in medieval Europe, an armored warrior who fought on horseback.
Serf	a medieval peasant legally bound to live on a lord’s estate.

Created by: baldtayl

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