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Anatomical Planes
Medical Terminology-- CCMA / CMA / NURSING
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anterior or Ventral | Toward the front of the body |
| Posterior or Dorsal | Toward the back of the body |
| Cranial | Head end of the body |
| Caudal | Tail end of the body |
| Superior | A part above another part |
| Inferior | A part below another part |
| Medial | Towards the midline of the body (median plane) of the body |
| Lateral | Away from the midline of the body; towards the sides |
| Proximal | Toward the point of attachment to the body |
| Distal | Away from the point of attachment to the body |
| Internal | Toward the inside of the body |
| External | Towards the outside of the body |
| Parietal | A membrane that covers an internal body wall |
| Visceral | A membrane that covers an organ. |
| Anatomical Plane-- Sagittal | Plane the runs down through the body, dividing the body into the left and right portions. Includes 2 subsections. |
| Sagittal Subsection-- Midsagittal | Runs through the medial plane and divides along the line of symmetry |
| Sagittal Subsection--Parasagittal | Parallel to the midline but does not divide into equal left an right portions |
| Coronal (frontal) | Plane that runs perpendicular to the sagittal plane and divides the body into anterior and posterior (Front and back) portions. |
| Transverse | Horizontal plane the divides the body into the upper and lower portions: also called cross-section. |
| Body Cavities-- Dorsal | Bones of the cranial portion of the skull and vertebral column, toward the dorsal (posterior) side of the body. |
| Body Cavity-- Cranial | Contains the brain |
| Body Cavity-- Spinal portion | Contains the spinal cord, which is an extension of the brain |
| Body Cavity-- Ventral | Anterior surface of the torso; divided by the diaphragm muscle into upper thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity. |
| Body Cavity-- Thoracic | The chest; contains trachea, bronchi, lungs, esophagus, heart and great blood vessels, thymus gland, lymph nodes and nerves |
| Smaller Body Cavities-- Pleural | Surround each lung |
| Smaller Body Cavities-- Pericardial | Contains the heart; The pleural cavity surrounds both the pleural and pericardial cavities. |
| Abdominopelvic Cavity | Imaginary line that runs across hipbones divides the body into the abdominal and pelvic cavities. |
| Abdominal Cavity | Contains stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and intestines (small and large), ovaries (in female): the peritoneal cavity (peritoneum) surrounds abdominal organs |
| Pelvic Cavity | Contains colon, rectum, urinary bladder, uterus (in females) |
Created by:
Coronaju
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