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Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia and Judaism

QuestionAnswer
Neolithic Revolution time period when people stop hunting and gathering and begin to farm in one place. This led to permanent settlements and the beginnings of civilization.
Cradles of Civilization the four areas where the birthplaces of civilization developed.Tigris and Euphrates River Valley- Middle East Nile River Valley- Africa (Egypt) Indus River Valley- India (Present Day Pakistan) Huang He River Valley (Yellow River)- China
Agriculture farming
Food Surplus having more than enough food to feed your population
Mesopotamia land between two rivers
Sumer and Babylon city-states in Mesopotamia
Region an area where people share common customs, language, and culture (the Middle East is a region of the world)
Natural Barriers a physical feature (geographic feature) that hinders or slows down the ability for people to have contact with each other.
Fertile Crescent a nutrient rich area of land in the Middle East that stretches from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. Mesopotamia developed in the middle of this region.
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers the rivers that Mesopotamia developed between because of the fertile soil located there.
Ziggurat a temple built by the Sumerians to house surplus grain, hold government meetings, and religious ceremonies.
Polytheism belief in many gods
Monotheism belief in one god.
Cuneiform first writing system in history; wedge shaped writing carved into clay tablets
Hammurabi’s Code first written law code in history; strict laws and harsh punishments; an eye for an eye
Judaism first monotheistic religion ever created.
Abraham the founder of Judaism.
Covenant an agreement between God and Abraham
Famine massive starvation because of a lack of food supplies
Moses a Hebrew (Jewish man) who was chosen by God to lead the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt.
Prophet people who receive messages from God that they are supposed to share with others; Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammed are all considered prophets.
Ten Commandments the code of behavior for Judaism and Christianity. Rules that teach people how to be moral and ethical.
Sabbath the holy day for Jewish people is from Friday at sundown until Saturday at sundown.
Messiah savior; Jewish people believe a Messiah WILL BE sent by God, but do not believe it has happened yet. This is the major difference between Christians and Jewish people. Christians believe the savior has come and Jesus was the savior.
The Torah the holy book for Judaism
Diaspora forced migration of the Jewish people
Kosher Diet dietary restrictions based on faith; they do not mix dairy products and meat; do not eat shellfish; etc.
Anti-Semitism mistreatment of the Jewish people because of their religion.
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