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Patho Word Quiz 2
from words DNA to Cystoscopy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The nucleic acid that contains all of an individual's genes. Found in the nucleus. | DNA |
| A region on DNA that contains the "code" for making one protein. | Genes |
| Different forms of a gene | Alleles |
| An allele that is always expressed. | Dominant |
| An allele that will be expressed only when the person is homozygous. It is hidden or partially hidden in the presence of a dominate allele | Recessive |
| A two letter code that describes which alleles a person has (AA, Aa, aa) | Genotype |
| Having the same two alleles for a gene. | Homozygous |
| Having different alleles for a gene | Heterozygous |
| The allele that we can see evidence of. | Expressed |
| Describes what characteristics are produced as a result of having a certain genotype | Phenotype |
| The combination of DNA and proteins found in a cell that is going thru mitosis. | Chromosomes |
| Chromosome pairs 1-22 | Autosomes |
| The 23rd pair of chromosomes in humans | Sex Chromosomes |
| Describes the microscopic appearance of chromosomes | Karyotype |
| Having the normal 23 pairs of chromosomes | Diploid |
| Having and abnormal number of chromosomes | Aneuploid |
| Missing a chromosome. | Monosomy |
| Having an extra copy of a chromosome | Trisomy |
| The percentage of blood volume occupied by RBC | Hematocrit |
| The average size of a RBC | Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) |
| A group of diseases that decreases the ability of blood to carry oxygen | Anemias |
| A group of diseases taht results in a dramatic increase in the number of leukoblasts | Leukemias |
| Having an abnormal high number of erythrocytes | Polycythemia |
| A decrease in the number of all normal blood cells | Pancytopenia |
| A decrease in the number of RBC | Erythrocytopenia |
| A decrease in the number of WBC | Leukopenia |
| Thrombocytopenia | Having a low number of platelets |
| A genetic decrease in the activity of one of the clotting factors | Hemophilia |
| A group of genetic anemias resulting in a decrease in the synthesis of goblin chains | Thallasemias |
| Any factor from within the body | Intrinsic Factor (general Def) |
| A protein secreted by gastric glands that is needed for the absorbtion of vitamin B-12 | Intrinsic Factor (for pernicious anemia) |
| Any factor coming from outside the body | Extrinsic Factor (general Definition) |
| Vitamin B-12 (cyanocobalamine) | Extrinsic Factor (for pernicious anemia) |
| Any diagnostic procedure that listens to body sounds | Auscultation |
| An ultrasound of the heart | Echocardiography |
| An electrocardiogram performed while the heart rate is elevated | Stress Test |
| A contrast x-ray showing circulation | Angiography |
| Protiens released from damaged cardiac tissue in the blood; used as a diagnosic indicator of myocardial infarction | Cardiac Markers |
| Having a normal heart rhythm established by the sinoatrial node | Normal Sinus Rhythm |
| Having a resting heart rate less than 60 beats per minute | Bradycardia |
| Having a resting heart rate of greater than 100 beats per minute | Tachycardia |
| The inability of a valve to either open or close properly | Valvular incompetence |
| The inability of a valve to open completely | Valvular Stenosis |
| When one of the AV valves swings up into the atrium when it should be closed. | Vavlular Prolapse |
| The build up of fatty deposits (plaque) within blood vessels | Artherosclerosis |
| Hardening of Arteries | Arteriosclerosis |
| Narrowing of the arteries | Arteriostenosis |
| A local decrease in blood flow due to obstruction | Ischemia |
| Chest pains as a result of myocardial ischemia | Angina Pectoris |
| Ischemic necrosis of heart muscle. AKA Heart Attack | Myocardial Infarctions |
| A temporary disease in cerebral function as a result of ischemia. | TIA |
| Ischemic necrosis of cerebrum. AKA stroke | Cerebral Infarction |
| Chronic high blood pressure that is a complication of another condition | Secondary Hypertension |
| Chronic High blood pressure of unknown origin | Primary (Essential) Hypertension |
| Localized dilation of artery or chamber of the heart as a result of a weakness in the wall | Aneurysm |
| Coughing up blood from lungs | Hemoptysis |
| A lack of oxygen | Hypoxia |
| An excess of carbon dioxide | Hypercapnea |
| A decrease in the pH of body fluids as a result of buildup of carbon dioxide | Respiratory Acidosis |
| A partial or complete collapse of lung tissue | Atelectasis |
| The presence of air between the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura | Pneumothorax |
| A group of over-inflated alveoli | Bullae |
| A lesion thru the skin or a mucous membrane | Ulcer |
| A lesion caused by pepsin | Peptic Ulcer |
| A lesion in the mucosal lining of the duodenum | Duodenal ulcer |
| A lesion in the mucosal lining of the stomach | Gastric Ulcer |
| A lesion in the lining of the esophagus | Esophageal Ulcer |
| A pouch or sac that developes off of a tubular structure such as the intestine | Diverticulum |
| Inflammation of a pouch or sac opening off of a tubular structure | Diverticulitis |
| The presence of diverticula within the intestine | Diverticulosis |
| The presence of stones within the gall bladder of biliary ducts. | Cholelithiasis |
| A disease of nervous tissue | Neuropathy |
| A disease of muscle tissue | Myopathy |
| A contrast x-ray showing teh structures that carry urine | Intravenous Pyelogram |
| A blood test used as and indicator of kidney function. | BUN |
| A measure of kidney function that compares the quantity fo creatine excreted in the urine over a 24 hour period to the concentration of creatine in the blood | Creatinine Clearance |
| Using an endoscope to examine the urinary bladder | Cystoscopy |
Created by:
vheiple
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