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muscular system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the functions | movement, protection of internal organs, produces heat |
| muscles | tissue that aids in movement |
| tendons | strong bands of tissue connecting muscle to bone |
| skeletal muscle | voluntary muscle attached to bone; also called Striated muscle |
| smooth muscle | involuntary muscle surrounding internal organs; also called visceral muscle |
| cardiac muscle | involuntary muscle found only in the heart; also called myocardial muscle |
| Automaticity | ability to contract without a nerve impulse |
| Contractility | ability to shorten |
| Elasticity | ability to return to normal position after being stretched |
| Excitability | ability to receive and respond to nerve impulse by contracting |
| Extensibility | ability to be stretched |
| Origin | attachment site that does NOT move |
| Insertion | attachment site that DOES move |
| Strain | injuries that involves the stretching or tearing of a muscle and/or tendon EX: lifting something heavy and hurting your back (connects muscle to bone) |
| Sprain | an injury involving the stretching or tearing of a ligament EX: twisting your ankle when running |
| Adhesion | injured tissue sticks together as it heals |
| Atrophy | shrinkage of the muscle |
| Contracture | tightening of skin and muscle tissue due to lack of use |
| Hypotonia | loss of muscle tone (limp) |
| Muscular Dystrophy | progressive weakness and deterioration of skeletal muscle |
| Tetany | state of sustained muscle spasm |
| Spasm | involuntary muscle contraction |
| Rigor (rigidity) | muscle stiffness |
| Tremor | involuntary repetitive shaking |
| Antispasmodic | is a pharmaceutical drug or other agent that suppresses muscle spasms. |
| Abduction | away from midline of body |
| Adduction | toward the midline of body |
| Inversion | turning inward of the sole of the foot |
| Eversion | turning outward of the sole of the foot |
| Hyperextension | bending a joint or limb beyond normal extension of range of motion |
| Dorsiflexion | movement of the sole of the foot upward (flexed toward lower leg) |
| Plantar Flexion | movement of the sole of the foot away from the body |
| Elevation | raising of a body part |
| Depression | lowering of a body part |
| Flexion | decreasing the angle of a joint, movement of 2 body surfaces toward each other |
| Extension | the straightening of a limb after it had been flexed |
| Rotation | movement of a body part around its longitudinal axis - that is lengthwise |
| Pronation | rotational movement of the forearms in which the palm moves to face downward |
| Supination | rotational movement of the forearms in which the palm moves to face upward |
| Circumduction | rotational movement as if “drawing a circle” |
| frontalis | forehead |
| trapezius | neck/upper back |
| deltoid | shoulder |
| pectoralis major | breast |
| triceps brachii | back of arm |
| biceps brachii | front of arm |
| Latissimus dorsi | lower back |
| gluteus medius | hips/waist |
| gluteus maximus | butt |
| sartorius | inner thigh |
| bicep femoris | back of thigh |
| rectus femoris | front of thigh |
| gastrocnemius | calves |
| achilles tendon | ankle |
Created by:
rr3ynolds
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