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French Revolution

Vocabulary for French Revolution

TermDefinition
Bastille An old fortress and prison in Paris; it symbolized the Old Regime of France. Its destruction is considered the start of the French Revolution.
Blockade The use of troops or ships to prevent commercial traffic or trade from entering a region.
Clergy Church officials - priests, bishops, etc.
Congress of Vienna Peace conference following the Napoleonic Wars where the delegates attempted to establish long-lasting peace and security.
Conservatism A tendency to preserve or restore what is established or traditional - limit change.
Coup d'Etat An overthrow of the government - usually by the military.
Continental System Napoleon Bonaparte's economic policy which called for his allies to boycott (not buy) trade with England.
Declaration of the Rights of Man Document passed by the National Assembly in 1789 outlining the ideals or beliefs of the French Revolution and the civil rights of all men.
Delegate An elected/selected member of a meeting or parliament.
Estates Social classes in France.
Estates General The French Parliament.
Girondists Political group that pushed for a republic run by the educated (upper & middle classes) - Moderates.
Guerillas Members of a fighting force that make surprise attacks on enemy troops occupying their country.
Guillotine A machine used to behead people in France.
Jacobins Radical political group that pushed for a republic run by the masses (middle class and lower class).
Liberalism Favorable to political or religious reform; interest in democratic governments and in freedoms for the individual.
Louis XVI King of France (1754-1793) when French Revolution broke out; Guillotined.
Maximillien Robespierre Radical leader of the Jacobins and Reign of Terror.
Napoleon Bonaparte French general who became emperor and expanded France to most of Europe.
Napoleonic Code a comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon.
Nationalism pride in one's nation, or to a group of people with whom they share a common culture or history.
Old Regime The political & social system that existed in France before the French Revolution.
Reign of Terror Most radical period of the French Revolution when Maximilien Robespierre ruled France and thousands of people were executed.
Radical political group that wants rapid political change; willing to employ violent methods.
Scorched-Earth Policy army tactic used by the Russian army against Napoleon's armies; policy of retreat & destruction.
Tennis Court Oath pledge made by the third estate to continue to meet until they created a new constitution for France.
The Great Fear Period of panic and riot by peasants amid rumors of an "aristocratic conspiracy" by the king and the privilege to over the Third Estate.
Marie Antoinette Queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793)
Bourgeoisie Middle Class.
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