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WH - Unit 1

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Oligarchy A government in which power is in the hands of a few people
Aristocracy A government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility
Monarchy A government headed by a king or queen.
Senate In ancient Rome, the supreme governing body, originally made up only of aristocrats
Democracy A government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives
Judaism The religion of the Israelites, who believed in one God.
Reformation 16th-century movement for religious reform, leading to the founding of Christian churches that rejected the pope’s authority.
10 Commandments Code of moral laws believed to have been given by God to Moses.
Renaissance Period of European history, lasting from about 1300 to 1600, during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far-reaching changes in art, learning, and views of the world.
Christianity Form of religion founded by Jesus Christ.
Bill of Rights Formal summary of the rights and liberties believed essential for the people.
Common Law Unified body of law formed from rulings of England’s royal judges that serves as the basis for law in many English-speaking countries today, including the United States.
Constitutional Monarchy System of governing in which the ruler’s power is limited by law.
Magna Carta Document, written by English nobles, as a way to present their demands to the king. It was a contract between the king and nobles of England.
Divine Right Idea that monarchs are God’s representatives on earth and therefore answer only to God.
Representative Government Form of government where citizens elect representatives to make laws and policies for them.
Enlightenment An intellectual movement based on using reason and the scientific method.
Social Contract Agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government.
Separation of Powers Division of government into separate branches.
Natural Rights Rights human beings have by nature, such as life, liberty and property.
Created by: baldtayl
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