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derm part 2
med sci exam 1 material
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| contact dermatitis | common inflammatory condition characterized by erythematous and pruritic lesions after contact with a foreign substance |
| 2 types of contact dermatitis | irritant and allergic |
| clinical presentation of contact dermatitis | pruritis, any combination of erythematous papules, plaques, vesicles with underlying erythema and excoriations, xerosis and fissures |
| location on irritant contact dermatitis | usually the hands |
| location on allergic contact dermatitis | usually exposed areas of the skin, often the hands |
| symptoms for irritant contact dermatitis | burning, pruritis, pain |
| symptoms for allergic contact dermatitis | pruritis is the dominant symptom |
| surface appearance for irritant contact dermatitis | dry and fissured skin |
| surface appearance for allergic contact dermatitis | vesicles and bullae |
| lesion borders for irritant contact dermatitis | less distinct borders |
| lesion borders for allergic contact dermatitis | distinct angles, lines, and borders |
| treatment for contact dermatitis | remove offending agent, symptoms management- cool compresses, calamine lotion, antihistamine topical corticosteroids if allergic |
| atopic dermatitis | common, chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory skin disease. begins in childhood, associated with increased incidence of food allergies, ear infections, strep pharyngitis and urinary tract infections |
| clinical presentation for atopic dermatitis | pruritis , varies by age |
| treatment of atopic dermatitis | emollient, topical steroids |
| possible complications for atopic dermatitis | secondary bacterial infection, post-inflammatory scarring |
| seborrheic dermatitis | chronic inflammatory dermatologic condition that usually appears on areas of the body with a large density of sebaceous glands - aka dandruff or cradle cap |
| presentation of seborrheic dermatitis | pruritus, flakes, greasy erythematous plaques with overlying scale |
| treatment of seborrheic dermatitis for adults | over the counter preparation, topical antifungals, topical corticosteroids |
| treatment of seborrheic dermatitis for infants | emollients |
| lichen simplex chronicus | general diagnosis term for any long standing, chronically pruritic skin condition |
| chronic rubbing and scratching ____ the epidermis | thickens |
| presentation of lichen simplex chronicus | intense pruritis, well defined solitary pink-tanned thick lichenified plaque and excoriation |
| treatment for lichen simplex chronicus | emollients, topical steroids, antihistamines |
| bullous pemphigoid | chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory, sub-epidermal, bulbous disease |
| bullous pemphigoid usually seen in | older patients |
| bullous pemphigoid presentation | pain and pruritis. tense bull on normal or middle erythematous skin. rarely involves mucus membranes |
| diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid | clinical, can confirm with biopsy |
| pemphigoid vulgaris | CHRONIC autoimmune bullous disease involving skin and mucus membrane |
| in pemphigoid vulgaris , lesions begin in | oral mucosa, skin involvement occurs months later |
| hallmark symptom of pemphigoid vulgaris | pain |
| physical examination findings of pemphigoid vulgaris | WL, malaise, fragile, flaccid bullae with resulting erosions and associated bleeding |
| diagnosis of pemphigoid vulgaris | clinical, confirmation with biopsy |
| treatment of pemphigoid vulgaris | corticosteroids, immunomodulators |
| pemphigoid vulgaris is ____ if not treated | fatal - have high risk of infection even with treatment |
| psoriasis | chronic skin condition that is often associated with systemic manifestations, especially arthritis |
| psoriasis can develop at ___ age | any age, onset is most likely between 15 and 30 years of age |
| clinical presentation of psoriasis | erythematous scaly patches, papules |
| most common type of psoriasis | plaque psoriasis (90%) |
| plaque psoriasis | well-defined round or oval plaques that differ in size and often coalesce, white silver powdery scale, positive ausptiz sign |
| auspitz sign | pinpoint bleeding spots that appeared on gently scratching of psoriatic scales by a blunt object |
| psoriasis nondermatologic manifestations | nail pitting, yellow discoloration (oil drop sign), psoriatic arthritis |
| pityriasis rosea | self-limited skin condition of assumed viral etiology |
| pityriasis rosea seen in what population | teens and young adults |
| clinical presentation of pityriasis rosea | prodrome, pruritic rash, herald patch, Christmas tree pattern |
| lichen planus | chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the skin, oral mucosa, genital mucosa, scalp, nails |
| lichen planus lesions are described using the 4 P's: | purple, pruiritic, papules, plaques |
| lichen planus demographic | women > men, 30-60 yo |
| lichen planus presentation | INTENSE pruritis , characteristic lesions, + associated nail findings |
| lichen planus treatment | depends on severity and location of lesions (mild disease may remit on its own within 1-2 years) |
| lichen planus , _____ are relatively common | oral mucosal lesions |
| common wart (verruca vulgaris) | skin - colored or gray brown papules, rough surface. |
| common wart (verruca vulgaris) most common on | the hands |
| flat wart (verruca plana) | smooth, flat-topped, yellow-brown papules |
| flat wart (verruca plana) located on | face and along scratch marks |
| flat wart (verruca plana) common in | children (rare in adults) |
| intermediate wart | combination of common and flat |
| mosaic wart | plaque of closely grouped plantar warts |
| periungual wart | thickened, fissured, cauliflower - like skin around the nail plate |
| plantar (verruca plantaris) wart | looks like thick calluses on soles of feet, pinpoint bleeding when the surface is pared away (distinguishes it from corns and calluses) |
| post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation | secondary to trauma or inflammation, more common in Fitzpatrick 3,4,5,6 |
| clinical presentation of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation | irregularly, darkly pigmented skin at sites of previous injury / inflammation |
| melasma | progressive, macular, non scaling hypermmelanosis of sun-exposed areas-often secondary to UV light interaction with estrogen , asymptomatic |
| 3 distribution patterns of melasma | centrofacial, malar, mandibular |
| solar lentigines | aka liver spots or age spots, secondary to sun damage. asymptomatic. well-circumscribed hyper pigmented macule ranging from 1-3 cm in size |
| ephelides | freckles- developed in childhood, small 1-2 mm sharply defines macular lesions of uniform color most often found on face, neck, chest, arms, legs |
| vitiligo | immune-mediated loss of skin pigmentation |
| clinical presentation of vitiligo | asymptomatic, milk-white, non scaling macules of depigmentation. cosmetic concern only |
Created by:
thomask9
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