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Chabner Chapter 2
Language of Medicine - Terms Pertaining to the Body as Whole - 10th Edition
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pharynx | throat |
| viscera | internal organs |
| larynx | voice box |
| trachea | windpipe |
| adipose tissue | collection of fat cells |
| cartilage | flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints |
| epithelial cells | skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line the internal surfaces of organs |
| histologist | specialist in the study of tissues |
| pituitary gland | endocrine gland at the base of the brain |
| ureter | tube leading from a kidney to the urinary bladder |
| diaphragm | muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities |
| dorsal (posterior) | pertaining to the back |
| peritoneum | double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity |
| pleura | double-folded membrane surrounding each lung |
| ventral (anterior) | pertaining to the front |
| epigastric | region above the stomach |
| umbilical | central region near the navel |
| hypogastric | region below the navel |
| vertebra | single backbone |
| vertebrae | backbones |
| deep | away from the surface |
| superficial | on the surface |
| proximal | near the point of attachment or origin |
| distal | far from the point of attachment or origin |
| inferior | below another structure, closer to the soles of the feet |
| superior | above another structure, closer to the head |
| medial | pertaining to the middle or near the midline |
| lateral | pertaining to the side |
| supine | lying on the back |
| prone | lying on the belly |
| frontal (coronal) plane | vertical plane that divides the body into front and back portions |
| sagittal plane | divides the body into left and right sides |
| transverse (axial) plane | horizontal plane that divides into upper and lower sections |
| abdomin/o | abdominal |
| adip/o | fat |
| anter/o | anterior |
| bol/o | to cast (throw) |
| cervic/o | neck (of the body or uterus) |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| chrom/o | color |
| coccyg/o | coccyx (tailbone) |
| crani/o | skull |
| cyt/o | cell |
| dist/o | far, distant |
| dors/o | back portion of the body |
| hist/o | tissue |
| ili/o | ilium (part of the pelvic bone) |
| inguin/o | groin |
| kary/o | nucleus |
| later/o | side |
| lumb/o | lower back |
| medi/o | middle |
| nucle/o | nucleus |
| pelv/i | pelvis, hip region |
| poster/o | back, behind |
| proxim/o | near |
| sacr/o | sacrum |
| sarc/o | flesh |
| spin/o | spine, backbone |
| thel/o, theli/o | nipple |
| thorac/o | chest |
| trache/o | trachea, windpipe |
| umbilic/o | navel, umbilicus |
| ventr/o | belly side of the body |
| vertebr/o | vertebra, backbone |
| viscer/o | internal organs |
| ana- | up |
| cata- | down |
| epi- | above |
| hypo- | below |
| inter- | between |
| meta- | change |
| -eal | pertaining to |
| -iac | pertaining to |
| -ior | pertaining to |
| -ism | process, condition |
| -ose | pertaining to, full of |
| -plasm | formation |
| -somes | bodies |
| -type | picture, classification |
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