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skeletal terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| bones | rigid dense organs that protect and support the body |
| Joints | site where bones join together |
| Ligaments | bands of tissue connect bone to bone |
| Tendons | bands of tissue that connect bone to muscle |
| Cartilage | strong flexible connective tissue that protects your joints and bones |
| Diaphysis | shaft or center portion of bone. Contain cortical bone (sponge) |
| Epiphysis | top and bottom of the bone. Contain calcaneus bone |
| proximal epiphysis | end of the long bone closest to the center of the body |
| distal epiphysis | end of the long bone farthest from the center of the body |
| foramen | an opening hole or passage in a bone |
| process | a projection from a structure |
| Axial Skeleton | skull, vertebral column, ribs |
| Appendicular Skeleton | shoulder blade (clavicle), arms, pelvis, legs |
| Flat | provide protection EX: breast plate |
| Irregular | unusual shape. Support, protect, and be flexible. EX: jaw |
| Sesamoid | provide movement EX: kneecap |
| Long | found in humerus |
| Short | located in hands and feet. Provide flexibility EX: carpals |
| Sprain | stretching or tearing of the ligament |
| Dislocation | displacement of a bone from its joint (not a fracture) |
| Fracture | break in the bone |
| Simple | closed fracture (did not pierce the skin) |
| Compound | open fracture (bone pierces skin) |
| Colles | fracture of the distal radius (common) |
| Comminuted | crushed or splintered bone |
| Longitudinal | breaks down the length of bone |
| Oblique | breaks at an angle |
| Greenstick | bone bends but doesn’t quite break (common in children) |
| Spiral | torsion (common in sports) bones move in opposite directions |
| Stress | caused by repetitive actions (pressure) |
| Pathological | caused by disease or condition |
| Transverse | direct impact to the bone |
| Kyphosis | abnormal condition of humpback (spine going outward) |
| Lordosis | abnormal condition of swayback (spine going inward) |
| Scoliosis | abnormal condition of lateral spine (spine is crooked) |
| Spina Bifida | split spine (spinal cord doesn't fully develop leaving nerves open) |
| Osteoporosis | condition of small holes in the bones |
| Sprain | stretching or tearing of the ligament |
| Fracture | a partial or complete break of the bone |
| amputation | removal of limb |
| cast | solid mold of body part used to heal fractures or dislocations |
| bone grafting | process of transplanting tissue from one part of the body to another |
| ORIF (open reduction and internal fixation) | surgical procedure involving the use of steel rods, plates, or screws to realign a severe bone fracture to normal position. |
| prosthesis | artificial replacement for a missing body part |
| CRIF (closed reduction and internal fixation | external manipulation to restore fractured bone to normal position |
| lumbar puncture | spinal tap (to remove cerebrospinal fluid) |
| X-ray | radiographic image used to diagnose skeletal changes in the body |
| analgesic | drug that relieves pain |
| anti-inflammatory | agent that counteracts inflammation |
| antipyretic | agent that reduces fever |
| narcotic | drug that relieves pain and induces sleep by depressing the central nervous system |
| NSAID (non-steroidal inflammatory drug) | agent that relieves pain, counteracts inflammation, and reduces fever |
Created by:
rr3ynolds
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