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APWH Unit2 Vocab
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Silk Road | System of caravan routes across Central Asia, carried silk and other goods; spread religions (Islam, Buddhism, Christianity), technologies and diseases |
| Indian Ocean Trade | Connected South Asia, Africa, China, and Europe, maritime trade route; spread Islam, ideas, goods |
| Trans-Saharan Trade | trade route across the Sahara; traded gold, slaves, salt, ivory, camels; camels saddles were crucial; spread Islam and connected West Africa for hajj |
| Magnetic Compass | Chinese invention- you know what a compass is |
| Rudder | Improved trade- you know what a rudder is |
| Junk Ship | Chinese invention, flat bottomed and designed for long distance trade + participation in Tribute System |
| Kashgar | Central Asian city; where East and West Silk Roads met; on westernmost border of China |
| Samarkand | Influential trade city during rule of Timur Lane; key trading center in Silk Roads; had decorated mosques and tombs |
| Paper Money | Chinese invention; helped trade; we know what money is |
| Caravanserai | Inn with a central courtyard for traders in North Africa or Asia; protected traders + let camels rest; facilitated trade |
| Hanseatic League | organization of North German + Scandinavian cities for commercial trade |
| Porcelain | Chinese invention; high demand luxury good traded on Silk Road + Indian Ocean Trade |
| Monsoon Winds | seasonal winds in India; winter monsoon= hot, dry weather, summer monsoon= rain |
| Spice Islands | European name for Moluccas (islands in SE Asia) that had high demand spices like cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg |
| Diaspora | Dispersion of people from their homeland |
| Dhow Ships | Arab sailing vessels with triangular/lanteen sails, strong influence of European ship design |
| Mansa Musa | Rich man who spent all his money on his hajj next question |
| Timbuktu | Mali trading city, became center of wealth and knowledge due to position in Trans-Saharan trade network; libraries, universities, mosques |
| Camel Saddle | you know what a saddle is |
| Caravan | group of traveling merchants + animals |
| Sundiata | Founder of Mali empire; crushed his enemies and gained control of gold supply in Trans-Saharan |
| Khan | name for Mongol ruler |
| Khanates | Regional Mongol kingdoms that emerged after the death of Ghengis Khan |
| Pax Mongolica | period of ~150 years of relative peace + stability under Mongol rule |
| Golden Horde | Khanate in southern Russia, adopted Turkic language and Islam, mostly steppe peoples |
| il-Khanate | Khanate that ruled over Persia; assimilated most in the end, and many Mongols did not leave once Mongol rule collapsed |
| Yuan Dynasty | Mongol rule of China; kept the bureaucratic structure but put Mongols or Persians in charge; ignored exam system, treated Chinese as second class |
| Bubonic Plague | we all know the Black Death |
| Gunpowder | Chinese invention; spread through Silk Road;- grey dust go boom |
| Ibn Battuta | Morrocan Muslim scholar; traveled extensively and documented his travels all through Afro-Eurasia |
| Marco Polo | Italian explorer and author; traveled to China many times; responsible for knowledge trade between Europe and China at time |
| Margery Kemp | Wrote first autobiography in English language; claimed to have visions and documented trips to holy sites in Europe + Asia |
| Swahili City-States | city-states along African coast; active members in Indian Ocean Trade; syncretism in beliefs and language with Islam/Arabic influences and African ones |
| Zheng He | Ming Dynasty naval explorer who facilitated Chinese Indian Ocean Trade as well as widened Tribute System |