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History Ch.2
Early Greek History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Minoan civilization declined sharply around 1450 BCE because | All of the answers are possible |
| Minoan art has depictions of men in headdresses as well as men and women jumping over the end of a bull. In what way are these depictions similar to each other? | In both instances, scholars are not entirely sure what the images represent |
| The Minoan civilization reached its height during the bronze age. This coincides with their economy at the time because _____ | They traded a lot of tin which when mixed with copper creates bronze |
| Sir Arthur Evans found Knossos, one of many palaces on the Island of Crete. The Knossos Palace consisted primarily of _____ | Storage space for food |
| The Minoans were primarily a trading empire and trade depends upon both organization and some kind of written records. What offered scholars the 'key' to unlocking the Minoan written language? | Although scholars were not familiar with Linear A, its later transformation into Linear B , the first writing system used by the Greeks, allowed scholars to gain a small understanding of what the Minoan language must have sounded like |
| The Mycenaeans and the Minoans shared all of the following EXCEPT: | Their militarism |
| What was an outcome of the dissolution of the Mycenaean government? | Development of a series of independent City-States |
| Which of the following civilizations were NOT involved in Bronze Age battles that occurred between 1200 and 1150 BCE? | The Minoans |
| The Dorian Invasion of Mycenae led to which of the following: All answers are correct The loss of literacy The abandonment of urban centers A sharp decline in trade The destruction of every city in Greece | All answers are correct |
| How did literacy develop within the Greek City-States? Literacy became accessible to the masses The creation of the first true alphabet All answers are correct The development of the epic poem The development of both prose and academic texts | All answers are correct |
| The first generation of gods - | Sea, heavens, earth, mountains, rivers, hills, streams, etc.. |
| The second generation of gods - | The Titans, aka, Cronos, Hyperion, Selene, Helios, Eos, Memnosune, & Prometheus |
| Cronos - | god of time |
| Hyperion - | god of light |
| Selene - | goddess of the moon |
| Helios - | god of the sun |
| Eos - | goddess of the dawn |
| Memnosune - | goddess of memory |
| Prometheus - | god of foresight |
| The Olympians - | Are completely anthropomorphic; Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Persephone, Hekate, Hera, Hestia, Demeter, Aphrodite, Ares, Hephaistos, Artemis, Apollo, Athena, Hermes, & Dionysus |
| Zeus - | Lord of the sky & King of the gods, the god of storms, kings, laws, & xenia |
| Poseidon - | Lord of the sea, god of earthquakes, & god of horses |
| Hades - | Lord of the underworld |
| Persephone - | goddess of spring & lover of life |
| Hekate - | goddess of dark magic |
| Hera - | goddess of wives and families |
| Hestia - | goddess of the hearth |
| Demeter - | goddess of fertility & harvest |
| Aphrodite - | goddess of love |
| Eros - | god of lust |
| Ares - | god of war |
| Hephaistos - | god of the forge |
| Artemis - | goddess of the hunt, of wild places, virginity, & transitions (childbirth, weddings, & writes of passage) |
| Apollo - | god of the lyre, art, shepherds, archery, medicine, disease, & the god of prophecy |
| Athena - | goddess of wisdom, crafts, cities, & heroes |
| Hermes - | god of trickery, travelers, crossroads, thieves, athletes, & inventors |
| Dionysus - | god of wine, theatre, dancing, & everything animal in man |
| Syncretism - | combining similar gods into one |
| Demigods - | The children of a mortal and an immortal |
| Arete - | Allows the hero to overcome some trial, or Pathos, and prove themselves |
| Why is it so hard to make generalizations about Greek religion? All answers are correct. Greek religion was adapted to meet the needs of the community. Greek religion was polytheistic. Greek religion lacks a single defining holy text. | All answers are correct |
| Why were heroes so important for the Greeks? | They were regarded as models of virtue |
| Upon learning that a god had taken a personal interest in him, an ancient Greek would most likely be _____. | Terrified |
| How was Christianity influenced by Greek religion? | Christians adopted holy days, saints and rituals from Greek religion |
| Which of the following is NOT true about Greek heroes? | The most famous one was Hermes |
| Greek city states established colonies in order to _____. Control trade routes Expand their influence All answers are correct. Relieve overpopulation by relocating citizens elsewhere Feed growing populations | All answers are correct |
| Pan-Hellenic competitions like the Olympics helped limit bloodshed between Greek city-states by _____. | All answers are correct |
| Which of the following English words is NOT derived from the Greek word Polis? Politics Polytheism Polite Police | Polytheism |
| Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Greek city-states? Communism Constitutional government Common Language Colonialism Competitive spirit | Communism |
| Greek city states did not form kingdoms and empires like their Egyptian and Sumerian counterparts because_____. | The Greek mountains and sea served as natural obstacles to unification |
| Greek women were not solely reliant upon the financial resources of their husbands. This is evidenced through their ability to | Engage in petty trading and keep the proceeds of such transactions |
| What is an example of the manner in which Greek theater portrayed women? | Female characters were sometimes too good for their husbands |
| Which city-state treated women the best? | Sparta |
| Spartan women were treated well because _____. | They had given birth to Spartan warriors |
| Agoge - | A series of trials that would cull the weak and cowardly from the Spartan stock. A system of education that would make the strong stronger and the brave braver. A society that would forge these powerful individuals into a single deadly unit |
| Agela - | A herd of boys around the same age |
| Krypteia - | Secret police |
| The perioikoi served all of the following functions in Spartan society, EXCEPT: | Voting in the assembly |
| Which of the following best illustrates the Spartan agoge? | Children torn from their mothers and subjected to a series of tests to remove the weak and cowardly |
| How was the caste system of Sparta dependent on the helots? | The helots farmed the food that fed the Spartans |
| Which of the following explains the need for Spartan hoplites as well as the phalanx style of warfare? | The Spartans had a massive slave population to keep under control |
| Sparta was ruled by: A pair of kings All answers are correct. A Council of Elders elected for life An assembly in which all Spartans over 30 voted | All answers are correct |
| The Persians were defeated at Marathon because: | The Greek Phalanx was much more disciplined than the Persian horde |
| What effect did the battle of Salamis have on Greek culture? | Greece blossomed into a rich and splendid culture |
| In 490 BCE, Persian emperor Darius the Great invaded Greece because: | The Greeks kept trying to colonize his empire and starting rebellions |
| The Greeks beat the Persians at Salamis because: | In the narrow strait, the Greeks could face the persians a few at a time |
| How were Herodotus' historical accounts different from previous accounts? | He recorded and explained history in rational terms |
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