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Chapter 14 vocab
Hartman’s Nursing Assistant Care: Long-Term Care and Home Care, 4th Edition
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| vital signs | measurements—temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure— that monitor the functioning of the vital organs of the body. |
| radial pulse | the pulse located on the inside of the wrist, where the radial artery runs just beneath the skin. |
| brachial pulse | the pulse located inside the elbow, about 1 to 1 1/2 inches above the elbow. |
| apical pulse | the pulse located on the left side of the chest, just below the nipple. |
| stethoscope | an instrument designed to listen to sounds within the body, such as the heart beating or air moving through the lungs. |
| respiration | the process of inhaling air into the lungs (inspiration) and exhaling air out of the lungs (expiration). |
| inspiration | the process of inhaling air into the lungs. |
| expiration | the process of exhaling air out of the lungs. |
| apnea | the absence of breathing. |
| dyspnea | difficulty breathing. |
| eupnea | normal respirations. |
| orthopnea | shortness of breath when lying down that is relieved by sitting up. |
| tachypnea | rapid respirations. |
| bradypnea | slow respirations. |
| Cheyne-Stokes | alternating periods of slow, irregular respirations and rapid, shallow respirations, along with periods of apnea. |
| systolic | the first measurement of blood pressure; phase when the heart is at work, contracting and pushing the blood out of the left ventricle. |
| diastolic | the second measurement of blood pressure; phase when the heart relaxes or rests. |
| hypertension | high blood pressure, regularly measuring 130/80 mm Hg or higher. |
| hypotension | low blood pressure, regularly measuring 90/60 mm Hg or lower. |
| prehypertension | a condition in which a person has a blood pressure measurement between 120/80 mm Hg and 139/89 mm Hg; indicates that although the person does not currently have hypertension, he is likely to have it in the future. |
| sphygmomanometer | a device that measures blood pressure. |
| pulse oximeter | a noninvasive device that uses a light to determine the amount of oxygen in the blood. |
| sitz bath | a warm soak of the perineal area to clean perineal wounds and reduce inflammation and pain. |
| intravenous (IV) therapy | the delivery of medication, nutrition, or fluids through a person’s vein. |
| oxygen therapy | the administration of oxygen to increase the supply of oxygen to a person’s lungs. |
| nasal cannula | an oxygen delivery device that consists of a piece of plastic tubing that fits around the face and two prongs that fit inside the nose. |
| oxygen concentrator | a box-like device that changes air in the room into air with more oxygen. |
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