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Phlebotomy Chapter 3
Chapter 3 Vocab Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| airborne precautions | Used to reduce the risk of infection from pathogens in airborne droplet nuclei |
| asepsis | Condition of being free of contamination or germs (microbes) that could cause disease |
| aseptic technique | A healthcare practice used to reduce the chance of microbial contamination |
| BBP | Bloodborne Pathogen - term applied to infectious microorganisms in blood & other body fluids |
| biohazard | Short for biological hazard - anything potentially harmful to health |
| biosafety | Term used to describe the safe handling of biologic substances that pose a risk to health |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - federal agency charged with the investigation & control of various diseases |
| C. difficile | Clostridium Difficile - Most commonly identified cause of diarrhea in healthcare settings. A type of bacteria that multiplies when patients are treated with antibiotics |
| chain of infection | Series of events that lead to infection |
| contact precautions | Used to reduce the risk of infection from direct contact with pathogens |
| droplet precautions | Used to reduce the risk of infection from pathogens in droplets |
| engineering controls | Devices that isolate a workplace BBP hazard such as sharps disposal containers & needles with safety features |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency - Federal agency that regulates the disposal of hazardous waste |
| fomites | Inanimate objects that can harbor material containing infectious agents |
| HAI | Healthcare-Associated Infection - infection acquired in any healthcare setting |
| HBV | Hepatitis B virus - a potentially life-threatening BBP that targets the liver |
| HCS | Hazard Communication (Hazcom) Standard - OSHA standard regrading hazardous chemicals |
| HCV | Hepatitis C virus - most widespread chronic bloodborne illness in the U.S |
| HIV | Human Immunodeficiency Virus - virus that causes AIDS |
| immune | Protected from a specific disease by antibodies |
| infectious/causative agent | Pathogen responsible for causing an infection |
| isolation procedures | Procedure that separate patients with certain transmissible infections from others |
| microbe | Short for microorganism |
| MRSA | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (staph) aureus - acronym for one type of bacteria that is resistant to methicillin |
| neutropenic | Having an abnormally low neutropenic count |
| normal flora | Nonpathogenic microbes that are normally on our skin & in other areas such as the GI tract |
| nosocomial infection | Infection acquired in a hospital |
| OSHA | Occupational Safety & Health Administration - federal agency that mandates & enforces safe working conditions for employees |
| parenteral | Administration by any route other than the digestive tract |
| pathogenic | Capable of causing disease |
| pathogens | Microorganisms capable of causing disease |
| percutaneous | Through the skin |
| permucosal | Through mucous membranes |
| PPE | Personal Protective Equipment - protective clothing & other protective items worn by an individual to provide a barrier against infection |
| protective/reverse isolation | Protects a patient who is highly susceptible to infection |
| reservoir | Source of an infectious microorganism |
| SDS | Safety Data Sheet - contains hazardous chemical information |
| standard precautions | Precautions to be used in caring for all patients |
| susceptible host | Individual who has little resistance to an infectious agent |
| transmission-based precautions | Precautions that reduce the risk of airborne, droplet, or contact transmission |
| vector transmission | Transmission of an infectious agent carried by an insect, arthropod, or animal |
| vehicle transmission | Transmission of an infectious agent through contaminated food, water, drugs, or blood |
| viability | Ability of a microbe to survive or live on an object |
| virulence | Degree to which a microbe is capable of causing disease |
| VRE | Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus - enterococcus bacteria that are resistant to vancomycin |
| work practice controls | Practices that reduce the likelihood of BBP exposure |