Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
WWI Prev. Slides*1
Final WH
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did nationalism lead to World War I? | N: ethn. min. wanted 2 b ruled by own ppl, politicians->nationalism 2↑support, ultranationalists believed their ctry superior/other ppl inferior |
| What were the short-term causes and the immediate spark that led to World War I? | FF death |
| Why was this war truly a world war? (i.e., where was it fought and who participated?) | G, AH, Bulgaria, OE (the Central Powers) against GB, F, R, Italy, Serbia, US: fought along western front (G vs F/B), eastern front (R vs AH/G), mid east (OE vs B), Africa/Asia (South Africa {B colony} vs G west afr, Jap join Allies vs G captured Tsingtao) |
| What factors led to the end of World War I and what were the important results of the war? | Schleiffen Plan failed, Z telegram/Unrestrict sub warfare->US->Allies, Meuse-A Offensive/flu pandemic->G surrenders->armistice; 8-10 mil soldiers & ~5 mil civilians died, ~5-20 mil wounded, shell shock/PTSD, economy->US, inflation/debts hurt euro econ. |
| How did the Treaty of Versailles contribute to the economic disaster in 1920s Germany and the rise of Hitler and the Nazis in the 1930s | extreme reparations->econ collapse->high unemployment, poverty, lack of safety->ppl angry, disapprove govt (Hitler believed Weimar Govt that "negotiated" the ToV stabbed the ppl in the back, promised ppl a way out->H gain popularity |
| Balance of power | 1800s public&secret agreements btwn euro ctrys->provided political/military support if ctry was attacked->idea=Euro ctrys have a balance of power=no ctry would attack another, however after 1890, alliances more likely to lead to war->G&F wanted to isolate |
| Allied powers vs central powers (GOALS) | Allies: B=strengthen pos world's strongest power, F=recover Alsace&Lorraine (lost 2 G), R=control E. euro, It=add It. speaking areas AH 2 It. CP: G=control cen. euro, take over E. Belg., ↑colonies, AH=+Romania, OE=not dismantled by Euro |
| Franz-Ferdinand and the “blank check” from Kaiser Wilhelm | AH archduke FF knew ethnic groups desire 4 more control>but assass. in Sarajevo by Serb. Serb govt prob knew, didn't warn AH>AH wanted 2 use assass. excuse 2 destroy Serb. AH talked 2 Kaiser W got blank check that G would support AH>start decisions->WWI |
| Invasion of Belgium | AH declared war on Serbia->R declared war on AH->G to join war in defense of AH, G war planners assumed war w/R=war w/France (both Allies)->G pre-emptively attacked France by marching thru neut. Belgium->Belgium joined war against G |
| Western Front | military commanders on both sides wrongly thought war would end quickly->became stalemate, both G & F/GB sides dug trenches & settled into long war across no mans land |
| Trench warfare and no-man’s land | WWII unusual->defensive strategies better than offensive->stalemate, both sides used trench warfare, in front of trenches was barbed wire (slowed troops charging across NML), poor sanitation, constant shelling, lack of shelter=miserable 4 soldiers |
| Battles at Marne River, Somme River, Verdun, Ieper/Ypres* | Verdun: 21 February-18 December 1916 beginning as good G offensive ended as offensive victory 4 F, Somme River |
| Eastern Front and battle at Tannenberg* | EF=on/around R border, fighting start well 4 Allies, R->AH, early war both costly wins/losses->Aug. 1914 Battle of Tannenberg G took 100,000 R POWs, R soldiers bad equip.>lost battles '16-17->Russ Rev, R withdrew WWI March 1918 R/G Treaty of Brest-Litovsk |
| Unrestricted submarine warfare | G attacked Allied shipping w/ subs,1915 G u-boats attacked ships->GB(revenge 4 G trade stop) Lusitania=passenger ship w/Americans sank>hit w/G torpedos->damaged US-G relations->G stopped attacking pass. ships but Feb 1917 G start USW, dragging US into war |
| Gallipoli | WWI in OE/Turkey: OE joined Central Powers 1915>cut off R access thru Dardanelles (strait connecting Med. & Black seas)>B led campaign 2 open straits @ Gallipoli->good war plan by Churchill but poorly led, ~150,000 B dead/OE in control of Dardanelles |
| Armenian genocide* | During fight @ Gallipoli, Turks committed A genocide: |
| Balfour Declaration | WWI OE/Mid. east: B soldier T.E Lawrence convinced Arabs 2 revolt against OE->success OE withdrew WWI early/sign peace treaty w/Allies 10/30/1918, B Mid. E policy contradictory: supported Arab indep. but also signed Balfour Dec. 1917 supporting Jews |
| US entry in WWI: Zimmerman Telegram, sinking of Lusitania | ZT=G propsed Mexican war against US, Zimmerman knew sinking of Lusitania->US into war, sent telegram 2 G ambass. in M>if US decl. war on G, G help fund campaign 2 allow M to remake territory lost in Mex-Am war->US decl. war 4/6/1917, M rejected G proposal |
| Wilson’s 14 Point Plan | 1) no secret treaties 2) freedom 2 sail oceans 3) reduce weapons 4) sovereignty 4 white ppl in empires 5)creation of new ctrys, transfer of land btwn existing ctrys 6) mandates for B&F 2 "help" colonies eventually self rule |
| Meuse-Argonne offensive | set of Allied battles that drove G's soldiers out of France and back into G. Happened throughout fall of 1918->Kaiser Wilhelm realized war was lost so fled to Netherlands |
| Armistice | G Gen Ludendorff knew G defeated, didn't want 2 b blamed->told K Wilhelm 2 ask 4 armistice late Sep. 1918, bc of hunger->civil/military uprisings against G govt Nov 1918->Kaiser abdicated Nov 9, 1918->G had to sign armistice (truce)->WWI end 11am 11-11 |
| Weimar government | Imp. facts abt WWI>future problems 1.No Allies in G, many G didn't believe A won 2. G govt censored press, most G didn't know extent of G losses 3. Imp. members of new govt (Weimar govt bc location) were Jews>anger against new govt=anger against Jew Gs |
| Treaty of Versailles: self-determination | self-determination=nationalities would/could have their own states, in ToV multinational states like AH destroyed: take West Prussia from Germany, Poland created. Other nations like Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania were also created. |
| Allied powers vs central powers (advantages) | Allies: bigger pop, stronger industries, better finances, eventual US participation. CP: better communication, better RR system, G&AH politically closer, physically contiguous, G army better trained |
| Treaty of Versailles: territorial changes | AH->Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia; USSR lost territory 2 new Baltic states (Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia)&Poland; P remade from R/G land; land transf left ethnic min. in every country; current Syria/Lebanon=F control; current Iraq/Palestine=B |
| Treaty of Versailles: Mandate system | Some colonies in Middle East/Africa became Mandates: F/B given task of "teaching" ppl in colonies how democracy works->F/B divided ME into arbitrary cntrys w/ no regard 2 ppl who lived there, France held Indochina |
| Treaty of Versailles: war guilt clause, reparations, disarmament | G harshly punished & had 2 1.pay reparations=~$5 bil/year until 1921&some amount 2 b paid in 30 years 2. admit 2 WGC=entire war G's fault 3. demilitarize Rhineland=territory border F->harder 4 G 2 invade F 4. limit army 5. ship coal 2 F, Bel, It. 4 10 yrs |
| Treaty of Versailles: League of Nations | too weak to promote diplomacy bc US refused to join |
| How did imperialism lead to World War I? | 1881-WWI euro ctrys competed 2 colonize Afr. land (scramble 4 afr)->B/F lots of land, G not a lot->G leaders thought lack of naval pwr caused this->Kaiser began rapidly ↑fleet->damaged B/G relations bc great source of B strength was naval->naval arms race |
| How did militarism lead to World War I? | as a result of ↑imperialism/nationalist feelings, euro ctrys arms race, each country ↑size of military and #weapons, B/G naval arms race, by WWI B's navy was still #1 but Gs was now #2 |
| How did secret alliances lead to World War I? | Balance of power=no ctry would attack another, but after 1890 euro govts sus of each other->alliances more likely to lead to war, F/G wanted to isolate each other->G/AH formed core of CP, Bulgaria/OE joined during WWI, R, GB, F formed Allied powers |
Created by:
undercoverkookie68
Popular World History sets