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CNS anatomy lec 2
Ventricles, meninges, and CSF
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| meninges | 3 layers of connective tissue that protect the brain, provide a supporting framework for arteries and veins, and enclose CSF |
| dura matter | the most external layer of the meninges, a double layered membrane that includes an external periosteal layer and an internal meningeal layer |
| arachnoid matter | the middle layer of the meninges, located beneath the dura matter |
| pia matter | the innermost layer of the meninges that adheres directly to the brain and spinal cord |
| dural venous sinuses | Venous channels located between the two layers of the dura mater that allow drainage of blood from the brain |
| dural reflections | foldings of the internal meningeal layer between brain septa that restrict rotatory displacement of brain |
| falx cerebri | A sickle-shaped extension of the dura mater within the longitudinal fissure that divides the two cerebral hemispheres |
| falx cerebelli | A sickle-shaped extension of the dura mater that divides the two cerebellar hemispheres |
| tentorium cerebelli | A layer of the dura mater that separates the occipital lobe and cerebellum |
| sellar diaphragm | A layer of the dura mater that roofs the sella turcica (body of sphenoid bone) and covers the pituitary gland, containing a hole for the stalk of the gland |
| !! innervation of dura matter | Above tentorium cerebelli, mediated by the trigeminal nerve; below tentorium cerebelli, mediated by upper cervical spinal nerves and vagus nerve (specifically, the greater occipital nerve) |
| arachnoid matter | thin intermediate layer that attaches to pia matter through arachnoid trabeculae |
| subarachnoid space | located between the arachnoid and pia matter, contains arachnoid trabeculae and CSF |
| arachnoid villi | projections of the arachnoid matter to the dural venous sinuses, function to drain CSF from subarachnoid space into sup. sagittal sinus |
| lumbar cistern | a dilation of subarachnoid space at the level of L4, !!best site for lumbar puncture |
| pia matter | very thin, highly vascularized membrane that tightly adheres to the brain surface and follows its contours |
| meningeal spaces | epidural space, subdural space, subarachnoid space |
| epidural space | a potential space between dura and bone |
| subdural space | a potential space between dura and arachnoid matter |
| subarachnoid space | real space between the dura and pia matter that contains CSF |
| ventricles of the brain | CSF filled cavities located within the brain, lined by epyndymal cells, and contain choroid plexus |
| lateral ventricles | C shaped and spans all the lobes of each cerebral hemisphere, consists of ant. horn, body, post. horn, and inf. horn |
| atrium of lateral ventricles | point of junction between body, ant. horn, and post. horn |
| foramina of monro | interventricular foramen that connects each lateral ventricle to the 3rd ventricle, located at the ant. end of hypothalamic sulcus or ant. column of fornix |
| third ventricle | (ie. ventricle of diencephalon) narrow cavity between two thalami, communicates w/ lateral ventricles via foramen of monro, communicates w/ 4th ventricle via cerebral aqueduct |
| forth ventricle | (ie. ventricle of the hindbrain) tent shaped cavity bounded ant. by bones and medulla oblongata and post. by the cerebellum, communicates w/ the subarachnoid space by foramen of Magendie and foramen of Luschka |
| cerebral aqueduct | a passageway for CSF from the 3rd ventricle to the 4th, provides the midbrain w/ CSF, has no choroid plexus |
| choroid plexus | present in all ventricles, functions in production and secretion of CSF, consist of endothelial layer, pial membrane, and choroidal epithelial cells (main contribute yo blood-CSF barrier) |
| CSF | clear and colorless fluid that can be considered as ultrafiltrate of plasma, made bt choroid plexus, distributed in ventricles and subarachnoid space (500ml/day) |
| CSF circulation | LV --> 3rd v --> 4th v --> subarachnoid space --> dural venous sinuses |
Created by:
dima.saadeh03
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