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Module 13
Lessons 4, 5, 6, 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did the first Americans reach America and when? (13.4) | hunters and gatherers traveled across the Bering Strait (a land bridge between Asia and North America) between 30,000 and 12,000 years ago |
| What are the four cultural connections? (13.4) | Trade linked people of all regions in North America, religious ideas were similar, all Native Americans had respect for the land, shared an emphasis on importance of family, and they all believed they all came from a common ancestor |
| What was the most important resource for the Native Americans? (13.4) | The most important resource was the sea where they hunted whales and fished. |
| What did families use to show their identity? (13.4) | They used a totem, a natural object or animal. |
| What were the religious ideas ?(13.4) | They thought the world was full of spirits and had to follow certain rituals to live in peace |
| What are five religious practices of the Mayans? (13.5) | They worshipped gods and prayed, offering food, flowers, and incense. They also cut themselves to draw blood, offer it to the gods, and even sacrificed enemies. |
| What led the Mayans to the development of the calendar, mathematics, and astronomy? (13.5) | Maya religious beliefs led to the development of the calendar, mathematics, and astronomy. They believed that a different god was in charge after the end of the day, month, or year so it was important to have an accurate calendar. |
| Why is astronomy one of the Mayans' greatest achievements?(13.5) | The Mayans carefully observed the planets, sun, and moon and calculated the solar year precisely at 365.2420 days, only 0.002 of a day short. |
| What are three most important Mayan achievements?(13.5) | The Mayan writing system of glyphs, the Mayan math of the concept of zero, and the architecture of pyramids and temples. |
| Why did the Mayans decline?(13.5) | No one knows for sure. However, there are many overlapping theories. It may have been overpopulation, drought, warfare, overuse of natural resources, or the Mayans losing faith in their religion and leader, god-king. |
| What does the name of the early city-state Teotihuacan mean an why? (13.6) | The city-state was abandoned in 750, and when later settlers found the site, they named it Teotihuacan, which means the city of gods. The reason is that 20 pyramids are dedicated to various gods, and one of the biggest the Pyramid of the Sun. |
| Teotihuacan thrived in trading, becoming the center of the trading network. What was Teotihuacan's most valuable item, and what was it used for? (13.6) | Teotihuacan's most valuable item was obsidian. In the Valley of Mexico, it was used to make razor-sharp weapons. But, based on the evidence found, Teotihuacán most likely only used it for art styles and religious beliefs. |
| Who dominated Teotihuacan next, and what were they like? (13.6) | The Toltecs dominated the next regions; they were warlike and based their empire on conquest. They also worshipped a war god that demanded blood and human sacrifices. Later, the god was replaced with a peaceful god that would bring a new reign of peace |
| When did Toltecs lose control over the region and who took over the region next? (13.6) | The Toltecs lost control over the region around 1200 A.D and the Aztecs began to gain power and take over the region. |
| What was the Aztecs' social class structure? (13.6) | The top, the emperor, is treated as a god and a ruler. Then, the noble class comprised military leaders, government officials, and priests. Then, commoners consisted of merchants, craft workers, soldiers, and farmers. The bottom was the slaves. |
| What is one tradition the Incas believed in? (13.7) | The Inca believed that their ruler was related to the sun god, Inti, who would bring wealth and power to them. Only men from one of 11 noble families believed to be descendants of the sun god could serve as king. |
| What environment did the Incas live in? (13.7) | The Incas lived in harsh environments and physical conditions they faced warm weather, and earthquakes, the region was difficult to farm, and they had to travel long distances to communicate and trade. |
| How did the Inca treat the elderly and ill? (13.7) | Unlike other societies, the Inca government created small groups of people known as ayllu. They worked together to take care of people who needed help,(the very old or ill.) and helped single families with tasks too big for them. |
| How did the Inca treat the conquered people? (13.7) | As long as the conquered people met the Inca demands (The most important demand was for all adult workers to spend some days each year working for the state), they let local rulers stay in place. |
| What advancements did the Inca make? what advancements did the Inca not make?(13.7) | The Incas built a complex road network that linked all parts of the empire. The Inca government made all people speak a common language, Quechua. There was a device for counting called a quipu. However, the Inca did not have a written language. |
| Was religion important to the Incas? (13.7) | The Inca religion played an important role in Inca life. The religion was more focused on key nature spirits and helped the Inca to see patterns for ways for humans to relate to each other and the earth and helped reinforce the power of the state. |
Created by:
27clee
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