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AP Hu Geo U3 P.1 A2
Attempt 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the process of image analyses? | 1. Divide the image into a quartered grid – this will allow you to deeply focus on parts of the image with fewer distractions 2. Look for signs of culture: Symbols, Language, Ethnicity, Gender, Wealth, ESPeN 3. Look for signs of globalization |
| What are the three main ways culture is passed on? | Imitation, informal instruction, and formal instruction |
| What is a cultural hearth? | The area in which a unique culture or specific trait develops |
| What is one important cultural hearth in America? | 1520 Sedgwick Avenue in the Bronx |
| What are the first three cultural realms? | 1. Anglo American 2. Latin American 3. European |
| What are the second three cultural realms? | 4. Islamic 5. Sub-Saharan Africa 6. Slavic |
| What are the final four cultural realms? | 7. Indian 8. Sino-Japanese 9. Southeast Asian 10. Austral European |
| What is a cultural landscape? | The visible reflection of a culture on the environment |
| What are folk cultures? | The beliefs and practices of small homogenous groups of people, often living in rural areas that are relatively slow to change |
| What do folk cultures show and how do they show it? | The diverse ways that people adapted to the physical environment, through shelters, foods, holidays |
| What do folk cultures provide? | - a sense of place - a sense of ownership or belonging - a connection to the area |
| Where is popular culture found? | Large, heterogeneous societies that share certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics |
| What is a centripetal force? | A cultural value that tends to unify people; Pulls people together |
| What is a centrifugal force? | A cultural value that tends to Forces people apart |
| What is cultural convergence/cultural homogenization? | When cultures combine and become the same; caused by the spread of popular culture and the loss of folk culture |
| What is cultural divergence? | When cultures split – often along rural vs. urban lines |
| What are gendered spaces? | Areas in which particular genders of people, and particular types of gender expression, are considered welcome or appropriate, and other types are unwelcome or inappropriate |
| What is expansion diffusion? | The spread of a cultural trait outward from where it originated |
| What is relocation diffusion? | When people migrate and carry their cultural traits with them |
| What is hierarchical diffusion? | The spread of culture from the most interconnected, wealthy, or important places or people |
| What are some traits of hierarchical diffusion? | - it may skip places - music, fashion, fads often diffuse in this way |
| What is reverse hierarchical diffusion? | Things diffuse from the lower class to the upper class, or rural to urban, or unconnected to connected |
| What is contagious diffusion? | When a cultural trait spreads continuously from its origin; spread through contact; can be extremely rapid |
| What is stimulus diffusion? | When people in a culture adapt an underlying idea or process from another culture, but modify it because they reject one trait |
| What is acculturation? | When an ethnic or immigrant group moves to a new area and adopts the values or practices of the larger group that has received them |
| What is multiculturalism? | The coexistence of several cultures in one society – with the ideal that all cultures are valued and worthy. The interaction of cultures enriches the lives of all |
| What is nativism? | When the conflict between cultures becomes harsh, xenophobic, or ethnocentric |
| What is culturalism relativism? | Not judging a culture to our own standards of what is right or wrong, strange or normal. Instead, we should try to understand cultural practices of other groups in its own cultural context. |
| What is assimilation? | When an ethnic or immigrant group moves to a new area and can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group |
| What percent of the global population speaks Indo-European languages? | Less than 50% |
| What are the three Cs of language diffusion? | Conquest, Colonialism, and Conversion |
| What is the second most commonly spoken language in the world? | Mandarin Chinese |
| What is the most widely spoken language in the world? | English |
| What is a lingua franca | A common language used by people who do not share the same primary language |
| What is a pidgin language? | They are a simplified mixture of two languages, have fewer grammar rules, and a smaller vocabulary |
| How do pidgin languages arise? | Two languages have extensive contact with each other, often due to trade, pidgin languages sometimes emerge |
| What are creole languages? | Languages that evolve from pidgin; over time there is increased mixing and the language becomes more formal |
| How many followers does Christianity have? | 2.4 billion |
| How many followers does Islam have? | 1.9 billion |
| How many followers does Hindu have? | 1.2 billion |
| How many followers does Buddhism have? | 507 million |
| What are ethnic religions? | Religions that you are born into |
| What are universal religions? | Religions that attempts to appeal to all people |
| What is animism? | The belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life |
| What is the largest pilgrimage in the world? | Kumbh Mela |
| What is syncretism? | The blending of cultures and ideas from different places; especially religions |
| What is a charter group? | The first ethnic or religious group to occupy a space, their influence is often reflected in toponyms |
| What is an ethnic enclave? | A place with a high concentration of an ethnic group that is distinct from those in the surrounding area |
| What is an ethnic island? | A place with a high concentration of an ethnic group that is distinct from those in the surrounding area, but in a rural area |
| What is sequent occupance? | When ethnic groups move in and out of areas, leaving their imprints |
| What is neolocalism | When a community re-embraces the uniqueness and authenticity of a place |
| What is "white flight"? | The emigration of whites from an area in anticipation of blacks immigrating into the area |
| What is blockbusting? | When real estate agents would encourage white homeowners that lived near African-American neighborhoods to sell their houses cheaply preying on their fears that property values would decline due to the increasing racial diversity |
| What is redlining? | When financial institutions would draw red-colored lines on a map and refused to lend money so people could purchase or improve property within those lines. |
| What did redlining cause? | African-Americans were prevented from getting mortgages in neighborhoods that whites fled to. It also made it harder for African-Americans to maintain the quality of their homes |
| What did redlining and blockbusting do? | A neighborhood could transform from primarily white to primarily black in a matter of months. Then the process would start again in the new neighborhoods that whites had fled to. |
| What is informally known as the "Troost Wall"? | The divide created in Kansas City by the practices of redlining and blockbusting--the West being primarily white and the east being primarily african american |
| Who are the Kurds? | Sunni Muslims who speak a language in the Iranian group of Indo-European. They have a distinct literature, dress, and culture. They are a nation without a state. |
| What did the Sykes-Picot Agreement do? | After the Ottomans lost WW1 the West divided the empire and provided for a Kurdistan |
| What did agreements after the Sykes-Picot Agreement do and what was the main cause for those changes? | Protests from the Turks caused treaties to erase the Kurdish homeland |
Created by:
Joshuaemer
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