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Ancient Asia
Early India, Early China, Medieval Japan Feudal Japan, Ancient China India
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Harrapan Period/Indus River civilization | time when Ancient India emerged in river valleys |
| India was similar to other civilizations in that ____ played a major role in economy and daily life. | Religion |
| The Indus River Valley civilization is located in present day _____. | Pakistan and northwest India |
| Monsoons are ______. | seasonal winds that impacted Indus River civlization. |
| Hinduism | a belief that originated from Aryans and believed in many gods and goddesses |
| Ganesha | most beloved and worshiped gods in Hindu religion; head of an elephant |
| Caste System | rigid social categories that determined each person's position in Indian society |
| Brahmins | in charge of religions ceremonies |
| Kshatriyas | warrior class |
| Untouchables | lowest level of Indian society |
| varna | four major categories of social categories in Aryan society |
| reincarnation | belief that a person's soul is reborn in a different form after death |
| karma | idea that a person's actions will determine what their next life will be when they are reborn |
| Buddhism | believe that the human life is one of suffering, and that meditation, spiritual and physical labor, and good behavior are the ways to achieve enlightenment, or nirvana |
| nirvana | achieving wisdom, ultimate reality and reuniting with the Great World Soul |
| Sudras | largest populations of Indians in caste system, most were peasants and worked in manual labor |
| Siddhartha Gautama | known as Buddha, "Enlightened One", devoted life looking for the true meaning |
| yoga | ancient spiritual practice that is used as means of enlightenment |
| dharma | divine law that requires people to do their duty (expected of higher caste members) |
| stupa | burial grounds and mounds in the earth to bury kings and leaders away from the village |
| Ancient India contributions include: | astronomy, documented eclipses, theories about gravitational pull, Earth's circumference |
| dynasty | sequence of rulers from the same family |
| oracle bones | pieces of turtle bone or shell used to try and predict future events by supernatural means |
| bureacracy | government run by multiple non-elective officials |
| Mandate of Heaven | belief that Heaven kept order in the universe through the Zhou king (Zhou dynasty) |
| emperor | During Chinese dynasties & civilizations, sovereign ruler with great power and rank |
| Terracotta Army | massive collection of clay sculptures (7,000) representing the army of Qin Shi Huang and no two faces are alike |
| Qin Shi Huang | first emperor of China |
| Confucianism | believed in self-improvement and education; wrote The Analects |
| Daoism | contemporary version of Confucianism; attempts to set forth proper behavior for improving one's life on Earth rather than the afterlife; they focus on the nature of reality and the here and now |
| Legalism | idea that humans were evil by nature and it was necessary to use harsh laws and punishments |
| Great Wall | stone and brick along the northern borders of china and used to stop Mongols from entering China; created during Qin Dynasty |
| Ancient Chinese Civilizations emerged around | Huang (Yellow River) |
| Zhou | longest lasting dynasty in China's history and marked the period of intellectual awakening |
| Bronze | working during the Shang Dynasty is one of the greatest cultural achievements in the ancient world |
| Taotie Masks | They represented a spiritual force to ward off evil spirits; large eyes, fangs, nostrils to give beast-like appearance |
| Silk Road | trade route that was utilized between China and western countries; silk, spices, tea and other goods were exported |
| Japan | Land of the rising Sun, Nippon, Wa |
| Extreme weather in Japan includes: | typhoons, earthquakes, tidal waves |
| Shinto | way of the gods; oldest religion in Japan; nature and ancestor worship |
| Kami | divine being or spiritual force in Shinto |
| Regent | person who rules during minority |
| Bushido | code of the samurai; stresses loyalty and obedience |
| samurai | trained warrior during feudal Japan; protector of Daimyo |
| Zen Buddhism | focuses on meditation, self-discipline, and simplicity; samurais typically followed this |
| Noh | traditional Japanese masked drama with dance and song |
| Kabuki | form of traditional Japanese drama with song, mime, and dance performed now by male actors only |
| haiku | Japanese poem of 17 syllables (5-7-5 pattern) |
| shogun | actual ruler of feudal Japan and hereditary commander in chief |
| daimyo | one of the great lords who were vassals of the shogun |
| clans | group of close-knit and interrelated families |
| sakoku | "locked up country"; no foreigner or Japanese could leave or enter the country |
| Most Japanese people were | farmers, fishers, artisans (pottery, weaving cloth) |
| Emperors of Japan | had very little power |
| Prince Shotoku | father of Japanese Buddhism; one of the most important regents |
| Lady Muraski | Wrote The Tale Of Genji |
| Minamoto Yoritomo | very first shogun of Japan |
| Oda Nobunaga | Used European tactics, led first army to use guns in battle, controlled half of Japan before he died |
| Toyotomi Hideyoshi | Peasant, Soldier, then Military Ruler; gained control of all of Japan before his death |
| Tokugawa Ieyasu | shogunate dynasty; he and his family held power for 200 years |
| Kublai Khan | Mongolian who tried to invade Japan with his army but failed because of great storm + Japanese sinking ships and forcing them to flee |
| What are similarities between Hinduism & Buddhism? | reincarnation; human suffering is from physical attachment; both still practiced world wide; practice meditation/yoga |
| Chinese civilizations still ______ today unlike the civilizations of Ancient Egypt and Ancient Mesopotamia. | exist |
Created by:
DanielsFSUS
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