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Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What makes up the respiratory system? | nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs |
| How long does our body have a supply of oxygen? | 4-6 minutes |
| What is the respiratory system responsible for? | taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide |
| The nose has 2 openings called what? | nostrils/nares |
| What do the nares do? | allows the air we breathe to be warmed, filtered and moistened |
| Divides the nose into 2 hollow spaces | septum |
| What are the hollow spaces in your nose called? | nasal cavities |
| Nasal cavities are lined with..... | mucous membranes and have a rich blood supply |
| Hair like structures that line the nasal cavities | cilia |
| What does cilia do? | helps move the mucous membranes lining the nasal cavities and push the trapped particles toward the esophagus where they can be swallowed |
| determine smells | olfactory receptors |
| drain tears from the eye into the nose to help provide additional moisture for the air | nasolacrimal ducts |
| cavities in the skull that surround the nasal area | sinuses |
| What are sinuses lined with? | mucous membrane that warms and moistens the air |
| What provides our voice with resonance? (Hint: when your voice changes when you're sick) | your sinuses |
| What is pharynx? | throat |
| The pharynx contains three sections. What are they? | nasopharynx, oropharynx,laryngopharynx |
| What section of the pharynx is this: -located behind the nasal cavities -contains the pharyngeal tonsils, adenoids and Eustachian tubes | nasopharynx |
| What section of the Pharynx is this: -located behind the oral cavity -receives air from the nasopharynx and food and air from the mouth | oropharynx |
| What section of the Pharynx is this: -bottom portion site where the trachea and esophagus branch off to their separate areas | Laryngopharynx |
| your voice box | the larynx |
| How many layers of cartilage does the larynx have? | nine |
| What is the largest cartilage? AKA your Adam's apple | thyroid cartilage |
| The thyroid cartilage has two folds called what.....? | vocal cords |
| The opening between the vocal cords is called the what......? | glottis |
| Leaf-like piece of cartilage that closes over the opening into the larynx during swallowing | epiglottis |
| What is the function of the epiglottis? | it prevents food and liquids from entering our respiratory tract |
| This tube extends from the larynx to the center of the chest | the trachea (windpipe) |
| What does the trachea do? | carries air between the pharynx and the bronchi |
| the trachea branches into a left and right _________ as it enters the chest | bronchi |
| Which bronchus is shorter, wider and extends more vertically? | right bronchus |
| Each bronchus does what? | enters a lung and carries air into it |
| air sacs in the lungs | the alveoli |
| the capillaries allow what to happen? | oxygen and carbon dioxide to be exchanged between the blood and the lungs |
| the alveoli are lined on the inside with what that helps to prevent them from collapsing? | surfactant |
| each lung has how many alveoli? | 500 million |
| What are the only organs in the respiratory system? | lungs |
| Which lung is smaller? Why? | left because the heart needs to fit in the body |
| The right lung contains how many lobes? | 3 lobes (superior, middle, inferior) |
| The lungs are enclosed in what? | pleura |
| What is the function of pleural fluid? | reduce friction when lungs expand |
| Parietal layer | attached to the chest wall |
| Visceral layer | covers external surface of organs |
| ________ is the process of breathing | ventilation |
| Ventilation contains two phases. What are they? | inspiration and expiration |
| The process of breathing in air | inspiration |
| What contracts during inspiration? | diaphragm and intercostal muscles and enlarge the thoracic cavity |
| When the air gets to the alveoli, what is exchanged and what is it called? | Oxygen and carbon dioxide. It is called respiration |
| the process of breathing air out | experation |
| What happens to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles during expiration? | they relax, causing the thoracic cavity to become smaller, forcing air out of the lungs |
| the process of respiration is controlled by what? | respiratory center in the medulla oblongata |
| Is the process of respiration voluntary or involuntary? | involuntary |
| An __________ amount of carbon dioxide in the blood or a _________ amount of oxygen in the blood causes the respiratory center of our brain to increase the rate of respiration. | increased, decreased |
| What are the two main stages of respiration? | external and internal |
| What happens during internal respiration? | oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide in circulation |
| What happens during external respiration? | Gas exchange between the air in the alveoli and the pulmonary capillary blood |
| What is the pathway of respiration? | nose/mouth --> pharynx --> larynx --> trachea --> bronchi --> bronchioles --> alveoli |
Created by:
giaguana
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