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DE MED TERMS 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abduction | movement of a limb away from the midline |
| adduction | movement of a limb towards the midline |
| adhesion | a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally |
| ataxia | the lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement |
| atonic | lacking normal muscle tone or strength |
| atrophy | weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures caused by pathology or by disuse over a long period of time |
| bradykinesia | extreme slowness in movement |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | swelling that creates pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel |
| chronic fatigue syndrome | a disorder of unknown cause that affects many body systems with symptoms similar to those of fibromyalgia syndrome |
| circumduction | the movement of limb, hand, and fingers in a circular motion |
| contracture | the permanent tightening if fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissue are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissue |
| dorsiflexion | raising the foot upwards toward the shin |
| dyskinesia | distortion or impairment of voluntary movement |
| dystonia | a condition of abnormal muscle tone |
| electromyography | a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp |
| epicondylitis | inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow |
| ergonomics | the study of the human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment |
| exercise physiologist | develop fitness and exercise programs that help patients recover from chronic diseases and improve cardiovascular function, body composition, and flexibility |
| fasciitis | inflammation of the fascia |
| fibromyaligia | a debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms |
| ganglion cyst | a harmles, fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist |
| heel spur | A bony growth that develops around the heel bone, often caused by ill-fitting shoes, and sometimes causing pain |
| hemiparesis | slight paralysis or weakness affecting only one side of the body |
| hemiplegia | total paralysis affecting only one side of the body |
| hernia | the protrusion of a part or structure through the tissues normally containing it |
| hyperkinesia | abnormally increased muscle function or activity |
| hypotonia | a condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscle |
| impingement syndrome | inflammation of tendons that get caught in the narrow soace between the bines within the shoulder joint |
| insertion | A type of genetic change that involves the addition of a segment of DNA |
| intermittent claudication | pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest |
| muscular dystrophy | a group of more than 30 gentic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles without affecting the nervous system |
| myasthenia gravis | a chronic autoimmune disease tht affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles |
| myocele | the herniation of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it |
| myoclonus | the sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles |
| myofascial release | a specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome |
| myolysis | the degenration of muscle tissue |
| myoparesis | weakness or slight muscular paralysis |
| myorrhaphy | surgical suturing of a muscle |
| neuromuscular | the nervous system and muscular system working together |
| oblique | (side abdominal muscles) support the lower back and help prevent back pain |
| origin | where something starts |
| paralysis | the loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply |
| paraplegia | paralysis of both legs and lower part of the body |
| physiatrist | treat patients that have had injuries or suffer from disabilities that affect physical and cognitive functioning |
| plantar fasciitis | inflammation of the plantar fascia causing foot or heel pain when walking or running |
| polymyositis | muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in may parts of the body |
| pronation | the way your foot rolls inward for impact distribution upon landing |
| quadriplegia | paralysis of all four extremities |
| sarcopenia | the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging |
| shin splint | Pain caused by overuse along the shinbone, the large front bone in the lower leg |
| singultus | myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm |
| sphincter | a ring of muscle surrounding and serving to guard or close an opening or tube, such as the anus or the openings of the stomach. |
| sprain | an injury to the ligaments around a joint |
| tenodesis | surgical suturing of the end if a tendon to bone |
| tenolysis | the release of a tendon from adhesions |
| tenorrhaphy | surgical suturing of the divided ends of a tendon |
| tenosynovitis | inflammation of the sheath around a tendon |
| tenotomy | a surgical incision into a tendon |
| torticollis | a stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck mucles that pull the head toward the affected side |
| transverse | a horizontal cut or plane |
| bi- | twice |
| -cele | hernia, tumor, swelling |
| dys- | bad, difficult, or painful |
| fasci/o | fascia, fibrous band |
| fibr/o | fibrous tissue, fiber |
| -ia | abnormial condition, disease, plural of -ium |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| kines/o kinesi/o | movement |
| my/o | muscle |
| -plegia | paralysis, stroke |
| -rrhexis | rupture |
| tax/o | coordination, order |
| ten/o tend/o tendin/o | tendon, stretch out, extend, strain |
| ton/o | tone, stretching, tension |
| tri- | three |
| ADL | activites of daily living |
| CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome |
| CFS | chronic fatigue syndrome |
| EMG | electromyography |
| hemi | hemiplegia |
| IC | intermittent claudication |
| MD | muscular dystrophy |
| MG | myasthenia gravis |
| OT | occupational therapy/ therapist |
| PM | polymyositis |
| quad | quadriplegia, quadriplegic |
| RSD | repetitive stress disorder |
| ROM | range-of-motion testing |
Created by:
ajsmolko
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