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chapter 8-10
medical
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anemia | reduction of red blood cells noticed by the patient as weakness and fatigue an / emia no / blood condition |
| ecchymosis | large bruise from Greek, for “to pour out” |
| hematoma | mass of blood within an organ, cavity, or tissue hemat / oma blood / tumor |
| hemophilia | condition in which the blood doesn’t clot, thus causing excessive bleeding hemo / phil / ia blood / love / condition |
| hemorrhage | excessive blood loss hemo / rrhage blood / burst forth |
| petechia | small bruise from Latin, for “freckle” or “” |
| reperfusion injury | injury to tissue that occurs after blood flow is restored re / per / fusion injury again / through / pour |
| lymphadenopathy | any disease of a lymph gland (node); used to refer to noticeably swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck lymph / adeno / pathy lymph / gland / disease |
| lymphedema | swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of lymph, usually in the extremities lymph / edema lymph / swelling |
| splenalgia | pain in the spleen splen / algia spleen / pain |
| splenodynia | pain in the spleen spleno / dynia spleen / pain |
| anisocytosis | condition characterized by a great inequality in the size of red blood cells an / iso / cyt / osis not / equal / cell / condition |
| elliptocyte | oval red blood cells ellipto / cyte oval-shaped / cell |
| elliptocytosis | condition characterized by an increase in the number of oval-shaped red blood cells ellipto / cyt / osis oval-shaped / cell / condition |
| embolism | blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus embol / ism embolus / condition |
| embolus | mass of matter present in the blood em / bolus in / throw |
| erythrocyte | red blood cell erythro / cyte red / cell |
| erythrocytosis | abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells erythro / cyt / osis red / cell / condition |
| hematopoiesis | formation of blood cells hemato / poiesis blood / formation |
| hemolysis | breakdown of blood cells hemo / lysis blood / breakdown |
| leukocyte | white blood cell leuko / cyte white / cell |
| leukocytosis | increase in the number of white blood cells leuko / cyt / osis white / cell / condition |
| leukopenia | deficiency in white blood cells leuko / penia white / deficiency |
| macrocytosis | condition characterized by large red blood cells macro / cyt / osis large / cell / condition |
| microcytosis | condition characterized by small red blood cells micro / cyt / osis small / cell / condition |
| myelopoiesis | formation of bone marrow myelo / poiesis bone marrow / formation |
| neutropenia | deficiency in neutrophil neutro / penia neutrophil / deficiency |
| normocyte | normal-sized red blood cell normo / cyte normal / cell |
| oligocythemia | deficiency in the number of red blood cells oligo / cyt / hemia few / cell / blood condition |
| pancytopenia | deficiency in all cellular components of the blood pan / cyto / penia all / cell / deficiency |
| phagocytosis | process in which phagocytes (a type of white blood cell) destroy (or eat) foreign microorganisms or cell debris phago / cyt / osis eat / cell / condition |
| poikilocytosis | condition characterized by red blood cells in a variety of shapes poikilo / cyt / osis various / cell / condition |
| polycythemia | excess of red blood cells poly / cyt / hemia many / cell / blood condition |
| reticulocyte | immature red blood cell; the root comes from its netlike appearance reticulo / cyte net / cell |
| spherocyte | red blood cell that assumes a spherical shape sphero / cyte sphere / cell |
| thrombocyte | cell that helps blood clot; also known as a platelet thrombo / cyte clot / cell |
| thrombocytopenia | deficiency in the number of platelets (clot cells) thrombo / cyto / penia clot / cell / deficiency |
| thrombocytosis | increase in the number of platelets (clot cells) thrombo / cyt / osis clot / cell / condition |
| thromboembolism | blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed thrombo / embol / ism clot / embolus / condition |
| thrombogenic | capable of producing a blood clot thrombo / gen / ic clot / formation / pertaining to |
| thrombosis | the formation of a blood clot |
| thrombus | blood clot from Greek, for “lump, clot,” or even “curd of milk” |
| asplenia | absence of a spleen or of spleen function a / splen / ia no / spleen / condition |
| hepatosplenomegaly | enlargement of the liver and spleen hepato / spleno / megaly liver |
| lymphocyte | lymph cell lympho / cyte lymph / cell |
| lymphopenia | abnormal deficiency in lymph lympho / penia lymph / deficiency |
| splenectopy | displacement of the spleen; sometimes called floating spleen splen / ec / top / y spleen / out / place / condition |
| splenolysis | breakdown (destruction) of spleen tissue spleno / lysis spleen / breakdown |
| splenomalacia | softening of the spleen spleno / malacia spleen / softening |
| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen spleno / megaly spleen / enlargement |
| splenoptosis | downward displacement (drooping) of the spleen spleno / ptosis spleen / drooping condition |
| thymic hyperplasia | overdevelopment of the thymus thym / ic hyper / plasia thymus / pertaining to over / formation |
| antibody | substance produced by the body in response to an antigen anti / body against / body |
| antigen | substance that causes the body to produce antibodies anti / gen against / creator |
| hematocrit | test to judge or separate the blood; it is used to determine the ratio of red blood cells to total blood volume hemato / crit blood / judge (separate) |
| hematology | study of the blood hemato / logy blood / study |
| hemoglobin | iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells hemo / globin blood / globe |
| hypoperfusion | inadequate flow of blood hypo / per / fusion under / through / pour |
| immunoglobulin | protein that provides protection (immunity) against disease immuno / globulin immune system / sphere |
| immunology | study of the immune system immuno / logy immune system / study |
| immunologist | specialist in the study of the immune system immuno / logist immune system / specialist |
| lymphangiogram | record of the study of lymph vessels lymph / angio / gram lymph / vessel / record |
| lymphangiography | procedure to study the lymph vessels lymph / angio / graphy lymph / vessel / writing procedure |
| perfusion | circulation of blood through tissue per / fusion through / pour |
| phlebology | study of veins phlebo / logy vein / study of |
| phlebotomist | specialist in drawing blood phlebo / tom / ist vein / cut / specialist |
| phlebotomy | incision into a vein; another name for drawing blood phlebo / tomy vein / incision |
| sphygmomanometer | fancy name for the device used to measure blood pressure sphygmo / mano / meter strangle / thin / instrument for measuring |
| autoimmune disease | disease caused by the body’s immune system attacking the body’s own healthy tissue auto / immune self / immune |
| coagulopathy | any disease that deals with problems in blood coagulation coagulo / pathy coagulation / disease |
| deep vein thrombosis | formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg deep vein thromb / osis deep vein clot / condition |
| hemoglobinopathy | disease of the hemoglobin hemo / globino / pathy blood / globe / disease |
| hypercoagulability | increased ability of the blood to coagulate hyper / coagul / ability over / coagulation / ability |
| immunocompromised | having an immune system incapable of responding normally and completely to a pathogen or disease immuno / compromised immune / compromised |
| immunodeficiency | immune system with decreased or compromised response to disease-causing organisms immuno / deficiency immune / deficiency |
| immunosuppression | reduction in the activity of the body’s immune system immuno / suppression immune / suppression |
| ischemia | blockage of blood flow to an organ isch / emia hold back / blood condition |
| phlebarteriectasia | dilation of blood vessels phleb / arteri / ectasia vein / artery / dilation |
| spherocytosis | condition in which red blood cells assume a spherical shape sphero / cyt / osis sphere / cell / condition |
| thrombophlebitis | inflammation of vein caused by a clot thrombo / phleb / itis clot / vein / inflammation |
| anemia | reduced red blood cells an / emia no / blood condition |
| aplastic anemia | anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities a / plas / tic an / emia no / formation / pertaining to no / blood condition |
| hemolytic anemia | anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells hemo / lytic an / emia blood / breakdown no / blood condition |
| iron deficiency anemia | anemia caused by inadequate iron intake iron deficiency an / emia iron deficiency no / blood condition |
| bilirubinemia | presence of bilirubin in the blood bili / rubin / emia bile / red / blood condition |
| hyperbilirubinemia | excessive bilirubin in the blood hyper / bili / rubin / emia over / bile / red / blood condition |
| hypercholesterolemia | excessive cholesterol in the blood hyper / cholesterol / emia over / cholesterol / blood condition |
| hyperlipidemia | excessive fat in the blood hyper / lipid / emia over / fat / blood condition |
| hypervolemia | increased blood volume hyper / vol / emia over / volume / blood condition |
| hypovolemia | decreased blood volume hypo / vol / emia under / volume / blood condition |
| septicemia | presence of disease-causing microorganisms in the blood septic / emia rotting / blood condition |
| uremia | presence of urine in the blood ur / emia urine / blood condition |
| hepatosplenitis | inflammation of the liver and spleen hepato / splen / itis liver / spleen / inflammation |
| hypersplenism | increased spleen activity hyper / splen / ism over / spleen / condition |
| lymphadenitis | inflammation of a lymph gland (node) lymph / aden / itis lymph / gland / inflammation |
| lymphangiectasia | dilation of a lymph vessel, normally noticed by swelling in the extremities lymph / angi / ectasia lymph / vessel / dilation |
| lymphangitis | inflammation of lymph vessels lymph / ang / itis lymph / vessel / inflammation |
| mononucleosis | condition characterized by an abnormally large number of mononuclear leukocytes mono / nucle / osis one / nucleus / condition |
| myelodysplasia | disease characterized by poor production of blood cells by the bone marrow myelo / dys / plas / ia bone marrow / bad / formation / condition |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of bone and bone marrow osteo / myel / itis bone / bone marrow / inflammation |
| splenitis | inflammation of the spleen splen / itis spleen / inflammation |
| splenopathy | any disease of the spleen spleno / pathy spleen / disease |
| splenorrhexis | rupture of the spleen spleno / rrhexis spleen / rupture |
| thymopathy | disease of the thymus thymo / pathy thymus / disease |
| tonsillitis | inflammation of a tonsil tonsill / itis tonsil / inflammation |
| leukemia | cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by the abnormal increase in white blood cells leuk / emia white / blood condition |
| lymphoma | tumor originating in lymphocytes lymph / oma lymph / tumor |
| myeloma | cancerous tumor of the bone marrow; when the tumors are present in several bones, it is called multiple myeloma myel / oma bone marrow / tumor |
| thymoma | tumor of the thymus thym / oma thymus / tumor |
| anticoagulant | drug that prevents the coagulation of blood anti / coagul / ant against / coagulation / agent |
| hemostatic | drug that stops the flow of blood hemo / static blood / standing |
| thrombolytic | drug that breaks down blood clots thrombo / lytic clot / breakdown agent |
| laparosplenectomy | surgical removal of the spleen through the abdomen laparo / splen / ectomy abdomen / spleen / removal |
| lymphadenectomy | surgical removal of a lymph gland (node) lymph / aden / ectomy lymph / gland / removal |
| lymphadenotomy | incision into a lymph gland (node) lymph / adeno / tomy lymph / gland / incision |
| nephrosplenopexy | surgical fixation of the spleen and a kidney nephro / spleno / pexy kidney / spleen / fixation |
| splenectomy | surgical removal of the spleen splen / ectomy spleen / removal |
| thymectomy | surgical removal of the thymus thym / ectomy thymus / removal |
| tonsillectomy | surgical removal of a tonsil tonsill / ectomy tonsil / removal |
| apheresis | general term for a process, similar to dialysis, that draws out a patient’s blood, removes something from it, then returns the rest of the blood to the patient’s body from Greek, for “separation” |
| cytapheresis | apheresis to remove cellular material cyt / apheresis cell / separation |
| plasmapheresis | apheresis to remove plasma plasm / apheresis plasma / separation |
| plateletpheresis | apheresis to remove platelets (for the purpose of donating them to patients in need of platelets) platelet / pheresis platelet / separation |
| transfusion | infusion into a patient of blood from another source trans / fusion across / pour |
| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| ALL | acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
| AML | acute myeloid leukemia |
| BMT | bone marrow transplant |
| CBC | complete blood count |
| CML | chronic myeloid leukemia |
| DIC | disseminated intravascular coagulopathy |
| EBV | Epstein-Barr virus |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| Hit | hematocrit |
| Hgb | hemoglobin |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HSM | hepatosplenomegaly |
| HUS | hemolytic uremic syndrome |
| INR | international normalized ratio |
| ITP | intravenous |
| IV | intravenous |
| IVIG | intravenous immunoglobulin |
| LAD | lymphadenopathy |
| PLT | platelet count |
| PT | prothrombin time |
| PTT | partial thromboplastin time |
| RBC | red blood count; red blood cell |
| TTP | thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura |
| WBC | white blood count; white blood cell |
| angina pectoris | oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart angina pectoris to choke chest |
| arrhythmia | irregular heartbeat a / rrhythm / ia no / rhythm / condition |
| dysrhythmia | irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia is more common) dys / rhythm / ia bad / rhythm / condition |
| palpitation | rapid or irregular beating of the heart from Latin, for “to flutter” |
| pectoralgia | chest pain pector / algia chest / pain |
| aortalgia | pain in the aorta aort / algia aorta / pain |
| diaphoresis | profuse sweating dia / phoresis through / carry |
| hemorrhage | loss of blood hemo / rrhage blood / burst forth |
| phlebalgia | pain in a vein phleb / algia vein / pain |
| endocardium | tissue lining the inside of the heart endo / card / ium inside / heart / tissue |
| epicardium | tissue lining the outside of the heart epi / card / ium upon / heart / tissue |
| myocardium | heart muscle tissue myo / card / ium muscle / heart / tissue |
| pericardium | tissue around the heart peri / card / ium around / heart / tissue |
| bradycardia | slow heartbeat brady / card / ia slow / heart / condition |
| cardiomegaly | enlarged heart cardio / megaly heart / enlargement |
| cardiotoxic | poisonous to the heart cardio / toxic heart / poison |
| cyanosis | bluish appearance to the skin—a sign that the tissue isn’t receiving enough oxygen cyan / osis blue / condition |
| murmur | abnormal heart sound from Latin, for “to grumble” or “hum” |
| tachycardia | rapid heartbeat tachy / card / ia fast / heart / condition |
| vena cava | large-diameter vein that gathers blood from the body and returns it to the heart vena cava vein hollow |
| inferior vena cava | portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the lower portion of the body inferior vena cava lower vein hollow |
| superior vena cava | portion of the vena cava that gathers blood from the upper portion of the body (head and arms) superior vena cava upper vein hollow |
| angiogenesis | development of blood vessels angio / genesis vessel / creation |
| angiolith | stone forming in the wall of a blood vessel angio / lith vessel / stone |
| angiopoiesis | formation of blood vessels angio / poiesis vessel / formation |
| angiosclerosis | hardening of a blood vessel angio / scler / osis vessel / hard / condition |
| aortectasia | dilation of the aorta aort / ectasia aorta / dilation |
| aortic stenosis | narrowing of the aorta aort / ic sten / osis aorta / pertaining to narrow / condition |
| aortolith | stone deposit in the wall of the aorta aorto / lith aorta / stone |
| arteriolith | stone in the artery arterio / lith artery / stone |
| arteriorrhexis | rupture of an artery arterio / rrhexis artery / rupture |
| arteriosclerosis | hardening of an artery arterio / scler / osis artery / hard / condition |
| atherogenesis | formation of fatty plaque on the wall of an artery athero / genesis fatty plaque / creation |
| atherosclerosis | hardening of an artery due to buildup of fatty plaque athero / scler / osis fatty plaque / hard / condition |
| embolus | mass of matter present in the blood em / bolus in / throw |
| embolism | blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus |
| ischemia | blockage of blood flow to an organ isch / emia hold back / blood condition |
| occlusion | closing or blockage of a passage from Latin, for “to close off” |
| phlebosclerosis | hardening of a vein phlebo / scler / osis vein / hard / condition |
| thrombus | blood clot from Greek, for “lump,” “clot,” or even “curd of milk” |
| varicose veins | an enlarged, dilated vein toward the surface of the skin varicose veins swollen / twisted veins |
| vasospasm | involuntary contraction of a blood vessel vaso / spasm vessel / involuntary contraction |
| venosclerosis | hardening of a vein veno / scler / osis vein / hard / condition |
| venospasm | involuntary contraction of a vein veno / spasm vein / involuntary contraction |
| venostasis | trapping of blood in an extremity due to compression veno / stasis vein / standing |
| angiogram | record of the blood vessels angio / gram vessel / record |
| angiography | procedure to describe the blood vessels angio / graphy vessel / writing procedure |
| aortogram | record of the aorta aorto / gram aorta / record |
| arteriogram | record of an artery arterio / gram artery / record |
| venogram | record of a vein veno / gram vein / record |
| angioscope | device for looking into a blood vessel angio / scope vessel / device for looking |
| cardiac catheterization | process of inserting a tube (catheter) into the heart cardi / ac catheter / ization heart / pertaining to catheter / procedure |
| echocardiogram | image of the heart produced using sound waves; the same procedure as an ultrasound performed on pregnant women, but instead it is performed on a heart. echo / cardio / gram echo / heart / record |
| echocardiography | use of sound waves to produce an image of the heart; the same procedure as an ultrasound performed on pregnant women, but instead it is performed on a heart echo / cardio / graphy echo / heart / writing procedure |
| electrocardiogram | record of the electrical currents of the heart electro / cardio / gram electricity / heart / record |
| electrocardiography | electrocardiography procedure for recording the electrical currents of the heart electro / cardio / graphy electricity / heart / writing procedure |
| sonography | use of sound waves to produce diagnostic images; also called ultrasound sono / graphy sound / writing procedure |
| stress electrocardiogram | records electrical signals of the heart while the patient experiences increases of exercise stress stress electro / cardio / gram stress electricity / heart / record |
| transesophageal echocardiogram | record of the heart using sound waves performed by inserting the transducer into the esophagus trans / esophag / eal through / esophagus / pertaining to echo / cardio / gram echo / heart / record |
| vascular endoscopy | procedure to look inside a blood vessel vascul / ar endo / scopy vessel / pertaining to inside / looking procedure |
| blood pressure | the force exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels |
| diastolic pressure | pressure exerted on blood vessels when heart is relaxed dia / stol / ic pressure through / send / pertaining to |
| systolic pressure | pressure exerted on blood vessels when heart is contracting sys / stol / ic pressure together / send / pertaining to |
| cardiologist | heart specialist cardio / logist heart / specialist |
| cardiology | branch of medicine dealing with the heart cardio / logy heart / study |
| cardiovascular | pertaining to the heart and blood vessels cardio / vascul / ar heart / vessel / pertaining to |
| circulation | moving of blood from the heart through the vessels and back to the heart from Latin, for “to go in a circle” |
| coronary circulation | circulation of blood from the heart to the heart muscle (the heart always feeds itself first) coron / ary circulation heart / pertaining to |
| phlebologist | specialist in veins phlebo / logist vein / specialist |
| phlebology | study of veins phlebo / logy vein / study |
| phlebotomist | one who draws blood phlebo / tom / ist vein / incision / specialist |
| phlebotomy | incision into a vein—the technical term for drawing blood phlebo / tomy vein / incision |
| pulmonary circulation | circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs (to oxygenate it) pulmon / ary circulation |
| systemic circulation | circulation of blood from the heart to the rest of the body sys / stem / ic circulation together / stand / pertaining to |
| angiocarditis | inflammation of the heart vessels angio / card / itis vessel / heart / inflammation |
| atrial fibrillation | quivering or spontaneous contraction of muscle fibers in the heart’s atrium atri / al fibrill / ation atrium / pertaining to little fibers / process |
| atrial septal defect (ASD) | flaw in the septum that divides the two atria of the heart atri / al sept / al de / fect atrium / pertaining to septum / pertaining to bad / made |
| cardiac arrest | cessation of functional circulation cardi / ac arrest heart / pertaining to stop |
| cardiomyopathy | disease of the heart muscle cardio / myo / pathy heart / muscle / disease |
| congestive cardiomyopathy | heart cavity is unable to pump all the blood out of itself (congestive) and becomes stretched (dilated), which causes weak/slow pumping of blood con / gestive cardiomyopathy together / bring |
| dilated cardiomyopathy | another term for congestive cardiomyopathy dilated cardio / myo / pathy expanded heart / muscle / disease |
| hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | heart muscle becomes enlarged and blocks blood flow hyper / troph / ic cardiomyopathy over / developed / pertaining to |
| restrictive cardiomyopathy | heart muscle hardens, restricting the expansion of the heart, thus limiting the amount of blood it can pump to the rest of the body re / strict / ive cardiomyopathy back / tied / pertaining to |
| carditis | inflammation of the heart card / itis heart / inflammation |
| congenital heart defect | flaw in the structure of the heart present at birth con / genit / al heart de / fect together / birth / pertaining to heart bad / made |
| congestive heart failure (CHF) | heart failure characterized by the heart cavity being unable to pump all the blood out of itself (congestive) con / gest / ive heart failure together / bring / pertaining to |
| coronary thrombosis | obstruction of a coronary artery by a clot coron / ary thromb / osis heart / pertaining to clot / condition |
| endocarditis | inflammation of the tissue lining the inside of the heart endo / card / itis inside / heart / inflammation |
| myocardial infarction (MI) | death of heart muscle tissue myo / cardi / al in / farc / tion muscle / heart / pertaining to in / stuff / condition |
| myocardial ischemia | blockage of blood to the heart muscle myo / cardi / al isch / emia muscle / heart / pertaining to hold back / blood condition |
| myocarditis | inflammation of the heart muscle myo / card / itis muscle / heart / inflammation |
| pericardial effusion | fluid pouring out into the tissue around the heart peri / cardi / al ef / fusion around / heart / pertaining to out / pour |
| pericarditis | inflammation of the tissue around the heart peri / card / itis around / heart / inflammation |
| valvulitis | inflammation of a heart valve valvul / itis valve / inflammation |
| ventricular septal defect (VSD) | flaw in the septum that divides the two ventricles of the heart ventricul / ar sept / al de / fect ventricle / pertaining to septum / pertaining to bad / made |
| aneurysm | bulge in a blood vessel an / eury / sm up / wide / condition |
| angioedema | swelling of the blood vessels angio / edema vessel / swelling |
| angioma | blood vessel tumor angi / oma vessel / tumor |
| aortic aneurysm | bulging or swelling of the aorta aort / ic an / eury / sm aorta / pertaining to up / wide / condition |
| aortic regurgitation | flow of blood backward from the aorta into the heart; caused by a weak heart valve aort / ic re / gurgit / ation aorta / pertaining to back / bubble / condition |
| aortitis | inflammation of the aorta aort / itis aorta / inflammation |
| arteriopathy | disease of the arteries arterio / pathy artery / disease |
| arteritis | inflammation of the arteries arter / itis artery / inflammation |
| deep vein thrombosis | formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg deep vein thromb / osis deep vein clot / condition |
| hypertension | high blood pressure hyper / tens / ion over / stretch / condition |
| hypotension | low blood pressure hypo / tens / ion under / stretch / condition |
| normotension | normal blood pressure normo / tens / ion normal / stretch / condition |
| phlebitis | inflammation of the veins phleb / itis vein / inflammation |
| phlebostenosis | narrowing of the veins phlebo / sten / osis vein / narrow / condition |
| thrombophlebitis | inflammation of vein caused by a clot thrombo / phleb / itis clot / vein / inflammation |
| vasculitis | inflammation of blood vessels vascul / itis vessel / inflammation |
| apnea | cessation of breathing a / pnea not / breathing |
| eupnea | good/normal breathing eu / pnea good / breathing |
| tachypnea | rapid breathing tachy / pnea fast / breathing |
| bradypnea | slow breathing |
| hypopnea | shallow breathing hypo / pnea under / breathing |
| hyperpnea | heavy breathing hyper / pnea over / breathing |
| dyspnea | difficulty breathing dys / pnea bad / breathing |
| orthopnea | able to breathe only in an upright position ortho / pnea straight / breathing |
| hyperventilation | overbreathing; the condition of having too much air flowing into and out of the lungs; leads to hypocapnia hyper / ventil / ation over / breathing / process |
| hypoventilation | hyper / ventil / ation over / breathing / process |
| dysphonia | bad voice condition (also known as hoarseness) dys / phonia bad / sound / voice |
| epistaxis | nose bleed |
| rhinorrhagia | excessive blood flow from the nose (another term for a nosebleed) |
| rhinorrhea | runny nose |
| bronchospasm | involuntary contraction of the bronchus |
| phrenospasm | involuntary contraction of the diaphragm (also known as the hiccups) |
| pleuralgia | pain in the pleura |
| pleurodynia | pain in the pleura |
| thoracalgia | chest pain |
| bronchorrhea | discharge from the bronchi |
| expectoration | coughing or spitting material out of the lungs |
| hemoptysis | coughing up blood |
| sputum | mucus discharged from the lungs by coughing |
| auscultation | a health care professional using a stethoscope to listen to a patient’s chest |
| cyanosis | a bluish color in the skin caused by insufficient oxygen |
| pectoriloquy | speaking from the chest; used as a means of finding masses in the lung. A health professional listening to a patient’s chest asks the patient to whisper a word. The word will be audible in areas where fluid or a mass is present. Hence the chest “speaks” |
| pectus carinatum | a chest that protrudes like the keel of a ship |
| pectus excavatum | a chest that is hollowed out |
| percussion | striking the body surface (in this context, to cause vibrations that can help locate fluid buildup in the chest) |
| retraction | the sucking in of the skin around bones during inhalation, happens when someone is in respiratory distress |
| atelectasis | incomplete expansion |
| bronchiectasis | expansion of the bronchi |
| caseous necrosis | the death of tissue with a cheeselike appearance |
| chylothorax | chyle in the chest |
| empyema | pus inside the chest |
| hemothorax | blood in the chest |
| phrenoplegia | paralysis of the diaphragm |
| phrenoptosis | drooping of the diaphragm |
| pleural effusion | fluid pouring out into the pleura |
| pneumohemothorax | air and blood in the chest |
| pneumothorax | air in the chest |
| pulmonary edema | swelling in the lungs |
| pyothorax | pus in the chest |
| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the trachea |
| hypercapnia | excessive carbon dioxide |
| hypercarbia | excessive carbon dioxide |
| hypocapnia | insufficient carbon dioxide |
| hypocarbia | insufficient carbon dioxide |
| hypoxemia | insufficient oxygen in the blood |
| hypoxia | insufficient oxygen |
| computed tomography | an imaging procedure using a computer to cut |
| pulmonary angiography | an imaging procedure for recording pulmonary blood vessel activity |
| ventilation–perfusion scan (VQ scan) | a scan that tests whether a problem in the lungs is caused by airflow (ventilation) or blood flow (perfusion) |
| bronchoscopy | procedure to look inside the bronchi |
| capnography | procedure to record carbon dioxide levels |
| capnometer | instrument to measure carbon dioxide levels |
| endoscope | instrument to look inside |
| nasopharyngoscope | an instrument to look at the nose and throat |
| oximetry | procedure to measure oxygen levels |
| polysomnography | recording multiple aspects of sleep |
| pulmonary function testing (PFT) | a group of tests used to evaluate the condition and operation of the lungs |
| spirometry | procedure to measure breathing |
| thoracoscopy | examination of the chest |
| laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx |
| laryngotracheobronchitis | inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the nasal passages |
| sinusitis | inflammation of the sinus |
| pansinusitis | inflammation of all sinuses |
| sleep apnea | a condition where the patient ceases to breathe while asleep |
| tonsillitis | inflammation of the tonsils |
| tracheitis | inflammation of the trachea |
| tracheomalacia | softening of the trachea |
| asthma | a disease causing episodic narrowing and inflammation of the airway |
| bronchiolitis | inflammation of a bronchiole |
| bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | a group of lung diseases characterized by the continual blockage of lung passages |
| cystic fibrosis | a disease causing thick mucous buildup in the lungs and pancreas, named after the changes it causes to the lungs |
| diaphragmatocele | hernia of the diaphragm |
| emphysema | a disease that causes the alveoli to lose elasticity; emphysema patients can inhale but have difficulty exhaling |
| obstructive lung disorder | a lung disorder caused by a blockage |
| pleuritis | inflammation of the pleura |
| pleurisy | another word for pleuritis |
| pneumatocele | hernia of the lung |
| pneumoconiosis | a lung condition caused by dust |
| pneumonia | a lung condition |
| pneumonitis | inflammation of the lung |
| pulmonary embolism | blockage in the pulmonary blood supply |
| pulmonary neoplasm | new growth (tumor) in the lung |
| restrictive lung disorder | a lung disorder caused by the limiting of air into the lungs |
| bronchiogenic carcinoma | a cancerous tumor originating in the bronchi |
| mesothelioma | a cancerous tumor of the mesothelial cells lining the lungs |
| antitussive | a drug that prevents coughing |
| bronchodilator | a drug that expands the walls of the bronchi |
| expectorant | a drug that encourages the expulsion of material from the lungs |
| mucolytic | a drug that aids in the breakdown of mucus |
| nebulizer | a machine that administers |
| adenoidectomy | removal of the adenoids |
| intubate | to insert a breathing tube from the mouth down into the trachea, to provide breathing support |
| laryngectomy | removal of the larynx |
| laryngoplasty | reconstruction of the larynx |
| palatoplasty | reconstruction of a palate |
| septoplasty | reconstruction of a septum |
| tonsillectomy | removal of the tonsils |
| tracheostomy | creation of an opening in the trachea |
| tracheotomy | incision into the trachea |
| endotracheal intubation | insertion of a tube inside the trachea |
| bronchoplasty | reconstruction of a bronchus |
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) | method of artificially maintaining blood flow and airflow when breathing and pulse have stopped |
| lobectomy | removal of a lobe |
| pleuropexy | reattachment of the pleura |
| pneumonectomy | removal of a lung |
| thoracentesis | puncture of the chest |
| thoracocentesis | puncture of the chest |
| thoracoplasty | reconstruction of the chest |
| thoracostomy | incision into the chest |
| ABG | arterial blood gas analysis of the gases in the blood; used to determine the effectiveness of the lungs in exchanging gases occasionally they use capillary blood from a finger stick, at which point it’s known as a capillary blood gas (CBG) |
| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| Bx | biopsy |
| CF | cystic fibrosis |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure a treatment for apnea involving keeping a patient’s airways open using air pressure delivered via a face mask |
| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CTA | clear to auscultation when an examination reveals nothing abnormal about a patient’s lung |
| CXR | chest x-ray |
| DOE | dyspnea on exertion |
| ETT | endotracheal tube |
| LRTI | lower respiratory tract infection |
| LTB | laryngotracheobronchitis |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| OSA | obstructive sleep apnea |
| PE | pulmonary embolism |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| PFT | pulmonary function test |
| PSG | polysomnography |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| T&A | tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| URI/URTI | upper respiratory infection, upper respiratory tract infection |
| V/Q | ventilation–perfusion scan |
Created by:
chrystin
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