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Ancient India

TermDefinition
Hinduism a religion that believes in many god and goddesses, originating from the Aryans whose most important god is Brahma
Aryans a group of nomadic Indo-Europeans around 1500 BC
Ganesha one of the most loved and worshipped gods in Hindu religion who has the head of an elephant
Sanskrit a written language the Aryans created around 1000 BC, but they only used it to write down legends and religious chants
rajas Aryan leaders (princes) who created small kingdoms and fought each other (they took women, cattle, and treasure)
caste a term that categorizes people and ranks them according to their family and economics (also known as a jati)
caste system a strict and rigid social hierarchy that categorizes people and determines each person's position in society
Brahmins these people are at the top of the caste system (these MEN are in charge of religious ceremonies)
Kshatriyas this is the warrior class in the caste system (SOMETIMES, families from other classes were allowed into this class under extremely special circumstances)
Vaisyas this is the commoner class in the caste system (this class consisted of mostly merchants and farmers)
Sudras this is the peasant class in the caste system (these people were manual laborers with minimal rights and in the largest social caste)
Untouchables this is the lowest level of Ancient Indian society (these people were not even considered a part of the caste system because they were given degrading or dirty tasks other Indians would not do)
Varnas this is the term to describe the four social classes in Aryan society
reincarnation the belief in being reborn into another life after death
monsoon the seasonal winds in India
Buddhism a religion in northern India rivaling Hinduism
nirvana the act of achieving enlightenment and wisdom
dharma a divine law that requires people to do their duty
karma the idea that a person's actions in this life determine their next life
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