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medical flashcards
terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Costalgia (kaws-TAL-jah) | rib pain cost / algia rib / pain |
| metatarsalgia | pain in the bones of the foot meta / tars / algia after / ankle / pain |
| ostalgia | an alternate spelling of this term is ostealgia ost / algia bone / pain |
| osteodynia | bone pain osteo / dynia bone / pain |
| spondylodynia | vertebra pain spondylo / dynia vertebra / pain |
| tibialgia | tibia (shin) pain tibi / algia tibia / pain |
| ankylosis | joint stiffness ankyl / osis stiff / condition |
| arthralgia arthrodynia | joint pain arthr / algia joint / pain arthro / dynia joint / pain |
| cervicodynia | neck pain cervico / dynia neck / pain |
| crepitation | a cracking sound heard in joints from Latin, for “rattle” or “creaking” |
| genu valgun | knock- kneed genu valgum knee pointed in |
| genu varum | bowlegged genu varum knee bowed out |
| bradykinesia | slow movement brady / kinesia slow / movement |
| dyskinesia | Inability to control movement dys / kinesia bad / movement |
| dystaxia | poor coordination dys / taxia bad / coordination |
| dystonia | poor muscle tone dys / tonia bad / muscle tone |
| graphospasm | writer's cramp grapho / spasm write / involuntary contraction |
| hyperkinesia | increase in muscle movement or activity hyper / kinesia over / movement |
| hypertonia | increased muscle tone or tightness hyper / tonia over / muscle tone |
| hypokinesia | decrease in muscle movement or activity hypo / kinesia under / movement |
| hypotonia | decrease in muscle tone or tightness hypo / tonia under / muscle tone |
| myalgia | muscle pain my / algia muscle / pain |
| myasthenia | muscle weakness my / asthenia muscle / weakness |
| myodynia | muscle pain myo / dynia muscle / pain |
| myospasm | muscle spasm myo / spasm muscle / involuntary contraction |
| tenalgia | tendon pain ten / algia tendon / pain |
| arthrocentesis | puncture of joint arthro / centesis joint / puncture |
| Arthroscope | instrument for looking into a joint arthro / scope joint / instrument to look |
| arthroscopy | procedure of looking into a joint arthro / scopy joint / procedure to look |
| electromyogram | a record of the electrical activity of a muscle electro / myo / gram electricity / muscle / record |
| electromyography | procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle electro / myo / graphy electricity / muscle / writing procedure |
| myography | procedure for studying muscles myo / graphy muscle / writing procedure |
| arthrogram | visual record of a joint arthro / gram joint / record |
| arthrography | procedure used to examine a joint arthro / graphy joint / writing procedure |
| computed axial tomography (CAT or CT) | imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis axi / al tomo / graphy axis / pertaining to cut / writing procedure |
| kyphosis | humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine kyph / osis bent / condition |
| lordosis | sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine lord / osis bent backward / condition |
| scoliosis | crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine scoli / osis crooked / condition |
| carpitis | wrist inflammation carp / itis wrist / inflammation |
| craniomalacia | softening of the skull cranio / malacia skull / softening |
| exostosis | an abnormal growth of bone out of another bone ex / ost / osis out / bone / condition |
| fracture | a bone break from Latin, for “break” |
| osteodystrophy | poor bone development osteo / dys / trophy bone / bad / nourishment |
| osteolysis | bone loss osteo / lysis bone / loss |
| osteonecrosis | death of bone osteo / necr / osis bone / death / condition |
| osteosclerosis | abnormal hardening of bone osteo / scler / osis bone / hardening / condition |
| polydactyly | having more than the normal number of fingers (or toes) poly / dactyl / y many / finger / condition |
| spondylitis | vertebra inflammation spondyl / itis vertebra / inflammation |
| spondylomalacia | softening of the vertebra spondylo / malacia vertebra / softening |
| syndactyly | fusion (sometimes called webbing) of fingers (or toes) syn / dactyl / y together / finger / condition |
| tarsoptosis | flat feet tarso / ptosis ankle / drooping condition |
| bursolith | a stone in a bursa burso / lith bursa / stone |
| effusion | fluid buildup ef / fusion out / pour |
| hemarthrosis | blood in a joint hem / arthr / osis blood / joint / condition |
| hydrarthrosis | water (fluid) in a joint hydr / arthr / osis water / joint / condition |
| pyarthrosis | pus in a joint py / arthr / osis pus / joint / condition |
| atrophy | underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue a / trophy no / nourishment |
| hypertrophy | overdevelopment of muscle tissue hyper / trophy over / nourishment |
| myocele | hernia of muscle tissue myo / cele muscle / hernia |
| myolysis | loss of muscle tissue myo / lysis muscle / loss |
| myomalacia | softening of a muscle myo / malacia muscle / softening |
| myosclerosis | hardening of a muscle myo / scler / osis muscle / hardening / condition |
| myotasis | stretching of a muscle myo / tasis muscle / expansion |
| myotonia | muscle tone myo / tonia muscle / tone |
| ankylosing spondylitis | a stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae ankylos / ing spondyl / itis stiffen / causing vertebra / inflammation |
| chondro-osteodystrophy | poor development of bones and cartilage chondro / osteo / dys / trophy cartilage / bone / bad / nourishment |
| craniosynostosis | the premature fusing of the skull bones dactyl / itis finger / inflammation |
| dactylitis | finger inflammation dactyl / itis finger / inflammation |
| hypertrophic spondylitis | overdevelopment of the vertebrae causing inflammation hyper / trophic spondyl / itis over / nourishment vertebra / inflammation |
| osteitis | bone inflammation oste / itis bone / inflammation |
| osteochondritis | inflammation of bone and cartilage osteo / chondr / itis bone / cartilage / inflammation |
| osteogenesis imperfecta | a disease in which the bones do not develop correctly, also known as brittle bone disease osteo / genesis im / perfecta bone / creation not / complete |
| osteomalacia | softening of the bone osteo / malacia bone / softening |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone and bone marrow osteo / myel / itis bone / marrow / inflammation |
| osteopathy | bone disease osteo / pathy bone / disease |
| osteopenia | reduction in bone volume osteo / penia bone / deficiency |
| osteoporosis | loss of bone density osteo / por / osis bone / pore / condition |
| spinal stenosis | abnormal narrowing of the spine spinal sten / osis spine narrow / condition |
| spondyloarthropathy | joint disease of the vertebrae spondylo / arthro / pathy vertebra / joint / disease |
| spondylolisthesis | the slipping or dislocation of a vertebra spondylo / listhesis vertebra / slipping |
| spondylolysis | loss of vertebra structure spondylo / lysis vertebra / loss |
| spondylosis | vertebra condition spondyl / osis vertebra / condition |
| arthritis | joint inflammation arthr / itis joint / inflammation |
| rheumatoid arthritis | inflammation of the joints; it is called rheumatoid because its symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever rheumat / oid arthr / itis rheumatic fever / resembling joint / inflammation |
| septic arthritis | inflammation of the joint caused by infection septic arthr / itis rotting joint / inflammation |
| osteoarthritis | inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight osteo / arthr / itis bone / joint / inflammation |
| arthrocele | hernia of a joint arthro / cele joint / hernia |
| arthrodysplasia | abnormal joint development arthro / dys / plasia joint / bad / formation |
| arthropathy | joint disease arthro / pathy joint / disease |
| arthrosclerosis | hardening of the joints arthro / scler / osis joint / hardening / condition |
| bursitis | inflammation of the bursa burs / itis bursa / inflammation |
| bursopathy | disease of the bursa burso / pathy bursa / disease |
| subluxation | partial dislocation of a joint sub / luxation beneath / dislocation |
| achondroplasia | a defect in the formation of cartilage a / chondro / plasia no / cartilage / formation |
| chondromalacia | abnormal softening of the cartilage chondro / malacia cartilage / softening |
| costochondritis | inflammation of the cartilage of the rib costo / chondr / itis rib / cartilage / inflammation |
| fasciitis | inflammation of the fascia fasci / itis fascia / inflammation |
| muscular dystrophy | disorder characterized by poor muscle development muscul / ar dys / trophy muscle / pertaining to bad / nourishment muscul / ar dys / trophy muscle / pertaining to bad / nourishment |
| myoclonus | violent muscle contraction myo / clonus muscle / turmoil |
| myopathy | muscle disease myo / pathy muscle / disease |
| myasthenia | muscle weakness my / asthenia muscle / weakness |
| myofasciitis | inflammation of muscle and fascia myo / fasci / itis muscle / fascia / inflammation |
| myositis | muscle inflammation myos / itis muscle / inflammation |
| necrotizing fasciitis | inflammation of the fascia, causing the death of tissue necrot / izing fasci / itis death / causing fascia / inflammation |
| polymyositis | inflammation of multiple muscles i poly / myos / itis many / muscle / inflammation |
| tardive dyskinesia | condition characterized by the loss of muscle control tardive dys / kinesia slow bad / movement |
| tendinitis | tendin / itis tendon / inflammation |
| tendonitis | tendon inflammation tendon / itis tendon / inflammation |
| chondroma | a tumorlike growth of cartilage tissue chondr / oma cartilage / tumor |
| myoma | a muscle tumor my / oma muscle / tumor |
| myosarcoma | a cancerous muscle tumor myo / sarc / oma muscle / flesh / tumor |
| osteocarcinoma | bone cancer tumor osteo / carcin / oma bone / cancer / tumor |
| osteochondroma | a tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage osteo / chondr / oma bone / cartilage / tumor |
| osteosarcoma | cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells osteo / sarc / oma bone / flesh / tumor |
| aphasia | inability to speak a / phas / ia not / speaking / condition |
| ataxia | lack of coordination a / taxia no / coordination |
| catatonia | condition characterized by reduced muscle tone cata / ton / ia down / muscle / tone |
| delirium | brief loss of mental function from Latin, for “to plow outside the furrow”; perhaps translates to “go off the tracks” |
| dementia | loss/decline in mental function de / ment / ia down / mind / condition |
| dyskinesia | difficulty moving dys / kinesia bad / movement |
| dyslexia | difficulty reading dys / lex / ia bad / reading / condition |
| dysphasia | difficulty speaking dys / phas / ia bad / speaking / condition |
| dystonia | condition characterized by involuntary muscle movements dys / ton / ia bad / muscle tone / condition |
| insomnia | inability to sleep in / somn / ia not / sleeping / condition |
| myoclonus | muscle twitching myo / clonus muscle / turmoil |
| myospasm | involuntary muscle contraction myo / spasm muscle / involuntary contraction |
| neurasthenia | nerve weakness neur / asthenia nerve / weakness |
| somnambulism | sleep walking somn / ambul / ism sleep / walk / condition |
| syncope | fainting; losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to brain from Greek, for “contraction” or “cut off” |
| cephalalgia | head pain cephal / algia head / pain |
| cephalodynia | head pain cephalo / dynia head / pain |
| encephalalgia | brain pain encephal / algia brain / pain |
| neuralgia | nerve pain neur / algia nerve / pain |
| neurodynia | nerve pain neuro / dynia nerve / pain |
| causalgia | painful sensation of burning caus / algia burn / pain |
| dysesthesia | bad feeling dys / esthesia bad / sensation |
| hyperesthesia | increased sensation hyper / esthesia over / sensation |
| paresthesia | abnormal sensation (usually numbness or tingling in the skin) par / esthesia beside / sensation |
| pseudesthesia | false sensation pseud / esthesia false / sensation |
| synesthesia | condition where one sensation is experienced as another syn / esthesia together / sensation |
| acrophobia | fear of heights acro / phobia heights / excessive fear |
| agoraphobia | fear of outdoor spaces agora / phobia marketplace / excessive fear |
| hydrophobia | fear of water hydro / phobia water / excessive fear |
| kleptomania | desire to steal klepto / mania theft / excessive desire |
| photophobia | excessive sensitivity to light photo / phobia light / excessive sensitivity |
| pyromania | desire to set fire pyro / mania fire / excessive desire |
| echoencephalography | procedure used to examine the brain using sound waves echo / encephalo / graphy echo / brain / writing procedure |
| electroencephalography (EEG) | procedure used to examine the electrical activity of the brain electro / encephalo / graphy electricity / brain / writing procedure |
| lumbar puncture (LP) | inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid, commonly called a spinal tap lumb / ar puncture lower back / pertaining to |
| cerebral angiography | procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain cerebr / al angio / graphy brain / pertaining to vessel / writing procedure |
| magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) | procedure used to examine blood vessels angio / graphy vessel / writing procedure |
| myelogram | image of the spinal cord, usually done using x-ray myelo / gram spinal cord / record |
| positron emission tomography (PET) scan | an imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain e / mission tomo / graphy out / send cut / writing procedure |
| transcranial Doppler sonography | an imaging technique that produces an image of the brain using sound waves sent through the skull trans / cranial Doppler sono / graphy through / skull Doppler sound / writing procedure |
| cerebellitis | inflammation of the cerebellum cerebell / itis cerebellum / inflammation |
| cerebral atrophy | wasting away of brain tissue cerebr / al a / trophy brain / pertaining to no / nourishment |
| duritis | inflammation of the dura dur / itis dura / inflammation |
| encephalocele | hernia of the brain (normally through a defect in the skull) |
| hematoma | a tumorlike mass made up of blood |
| cranial hematoma | a hematoma beneath the skull |
| epidural hematoma | a hematoma located on top of the dura epi / dur / al hemat / oma upon / dura / pertaining to blood / tumor |
| intracerebral hematoma | a hematoma located inside the brain intra / cerebr / al hemat / oma inside / brain / pertaining to blood / tumor |
| subdural hematoma | a hematoma located beneath the dura sub / dur / al hemat / oma beneath / dura / pertaining to blood / tumor |
| macrocephaly | abnormally large head macro / cephal / y large / head / condition |
| microcephaly | abnormally small head micro / cephal / y small / head / condition |
| subdural hematoma | a hematoma located beneath the dura sub / dur / al hemat / oma beneath / dura / pertaining to blood / tumor |
| macrocephaly | abnormally large head macro / cephal / y large / head / condition |
| microcephaly | abnormally small head micro / cephal / y small / head / condition |
| meningocele | a hernia of the meninges meningo / cele meninges / hernia |
| myelocele | a hernia of the spinal cord myelo / cele spinal cord / hernia |
| myelomalacia | abnormal softening of the spinal cord myelo / malacia spinal cord / softening |
| myelomeningocele | a hernia of the spinal cord and meninges myelo / meningo / cele spinal cord / meninges / hernia |
| neuritis | nerve inflammation neur / itis nerve / inflammation |
| neuroma | a nerve tumor neur / oma nerve / tumor |
| neurosclerosis | hardening of nerves neuro / scler / osis nerve / hardening / condition |
| polyneuritis | inflammation of multiple nerves poly / neur / itis many / nerve / inflammation |
| agnosia | inability to comprehend a / gnos / ia not / knowledge / condition |
| apathy | lack of emotion a / path / y no / suffering / condition |
| hyperkinesia | increase in muscle movement or activity hyper / kinesia over / movement |
| neurasthenia | nerve weakness neur / asthenia nerve / weakness |
| neuroglycopenia | deficiency of sugar that interferes with normal neuro / glyco / penia nerve / sugar / deficiency |
| nystagmus | involuntary back and forth eye movements from Greek, for “to nod” |
| prosopagnosia | inability to recognize faces prosop / a / gnos / ia face / no / knowledge / condition |
| anesthesiologist | doctor who specializes in anesthesiology an / esthesio / logist no / sensation / specialist |
| afferent nerve | a nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system af / ferent nerve toward / carry |
| efferent nerve | a nerve that carries impulses away from the central nervous system ef / ferent nerve away / carry |
| neurogenic | originating from/created by nerves neuro / gen / ic nerve / creation / pertaining to |
| psychiatrist | doctor who specializes in the treatment of the mind psych / iatrist mind / specialist |
| psychiatry | branch of medicine that focuses on the treatment of the mind psych / iatry mind / specialty |
| psychogenic | originating in/created by the mind psycho / gen / ic mind / creation / pertaining to |
| psychologist | doctor who specializes in the study of the mind psycho / logist mind / specialist |
| psychology | branch of medicine that focuses on the study of the mind psycho / logy mind / study |
| psychosomatic | pertaining to the relationship between the body and the mind psycho / somat / ic mind / body / pertaining to |
| idiopathic | having no known cause or idio / path / ic private / disease / pertaining to |
| interictal | time between seizures inter / ictal between / seizure |
| postictal | time after a seizure post / ictal after / seizure |
| preictal | time before a seizure pre / ictal before / seizure |
| tonic | pertaining to muscle tone (normally weak or unresponsive) ton / ic muscle / pertaining to |
| clonus | muscle spasm or twitching from Greek, for “violent” |
| tonic-clonic seizure | a seizure characterized by both a tonic and a clonic phase ton / ic clon / ic muscle / pertaining to spasm / pertaining to |
| cerebrovascular accident (CVA) | an accident involving the blood vessels of the brain cerebro / vascul / ar brain / blood vessel / pertaining to |
| stroke | loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain |
| hemorrhagic stroke | a stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel hemo / rrhag / ic blood / excessive bleeding / pertaining to |
| ischemic stroke | a stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage isch / em / ic hold back / blood / pertaining to |
| transient ischemic attack (TIA) | a “mini-stroke” caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which resolves (goes away) within 24 hours trans / ient isch / em / ic across / go hold back / blood / pertaining to |
| cerebrovascular disease | a disease of the blood vessels of the brain cerebro / vascul / ar brain / blood vessel / pertaining to |
| cerebral aneurysm | the widening or abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain cerebr / al an / eury / sm brain / pertaining to out / wide / condition |
| cerebral arteriosclerosis | the hardening of an artery in the brain cerebr / al arterio / scler / osis brain / pertaining to artery / hardening / condition |
| cerebral atherosclerosis | the hardening of an artery in the brain caused by the buildup of fatty plaque cerebr / al athero / scler / osis brain / pertaining to fatty / hardening / condition |
| cerebral embolism | the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a foreign object (embolus) such as fat or bacteria NOTE: Embolus is a Greek word meaning “stopper” or “plug.” cerebr / al embol / ism brain / pertaining to stopper / condition |
| cerebral thrombosis | the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot cerebr / al thromb / osis brain / pertaining to clot / condition |
| craniomalacia | abnormal softening of the skull cranio / malacia skull / softening |
| craniosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the skull cranio / scler / osis skull / hardening / condition |
| craniostenosis | abnormal narrowing of the skull cranio / sten / osis skull / narrow / condition |
| craniosynostosis | premature fusing of the skull bones cranio / syn / ost / osis skull / together / bone / condition |
| hydrocephaly | abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain hydro / cephal / y water / head / condition |
| astrocytoma | a tumor of arising from astrocyte glial cells astro / cyt / oma star / cell / tumor |
| ganglioma | ganglion tumor gangli / oma ganglion / tumor |
| glioblastoma | a brain tumor arising from glioblast cells glio / blast / oma glue / sprout / tumor |
| meningioma | tumor of the meninges meningi / oma meninges / tumor |
| cerebellitis | inflammation of the cerebellum cerebell / itis cerebellum / inflammation |
| cerebromeningitis | inflammation of the brain and meninges cerebro / mening / itis brain / meninges / inflammation |
| encephalitis | inflammation of the brain encephal / itis brain / inflammation |
| encephalomyelitis | inflammation of the brain and spinal cord encephalo / myel / itis brain / spinal cord / inflammation |
| encephalomyeloneuropathy | disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves encephalo / myelo / neuro / pathy brain / spinal cord / nerve / disease |
| encephalopathy | disease of the brain encephalo / pathy brain / disease |
| encephalopyosis | a pus-filled abscess in the brain encephalo / py / osis brain / pus / condition |
| gangliitis | inflammation of a ganglion gangli / itis ganglion / inflammation |
| intracerebral hemorrhage | excessive bleeding inside the brain intra / cerebr / al hemo / rrhage inside / brain / pertaining to blood / excessive bleeding |
| meningopathy | disease of the meninges meningo / pathy meninges / disease |
| meningitis | inflammation of the meninges mening / itis meninges / inflammation |
| meningoencephalitis | inflammation of the meninges and brain meningo / encephal / itis meninges / brain / inflammation |
| myelitis | inflammation of the spinal cord myel / itis spinal cord / inflammation |
| myelodysplasia | defective formation of the spinal cord myelo / dys / plas / ia spinal cord / bad / formation / condition |
| myelopathy | disease of the spinal cord myelo / pathy spinal cord / disease |
| neuroarthropathy | disease of the joint associated with nerves neuro / arthro / pathy nerve / joint / disease |
| neuroencephalomyelopathy | disease of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord neuro / encephalo / myelo / pathy nerve / brain / spinal cord / disease |
| neuropathy | disease of the nervous system neuro / pathy nerve / disease |
| poliomyelitis | inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord polio / myel / itis gray / spinal cord / inflammation |
| polyneuropathy | disease affecting multiple nerves poly / neuro / pathy many / nerve / disease |
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | a degenerative disease of the central nervous system causing loss of muscle control. Literally, the hardening (sclerosis) of the nerve cells on the sides (lateral) of the spine leading to the loss of muscle tissue from disuse. a / myo / troph / ic lat |
| anorexia | an eating disorder characterized by the patient’s refusal to eat an / orex / ia no / appetite / condition |
| autism | a psychiatric disorder characterized by withdrawal from communication with others; the patient is focused only on the self aut / ism self / condition |
| bulimia | an eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by forced vomiting bu / lim / ia ox / hunger / condition |
| cerebral palsy | paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement cerebr / al palsy brain / pertaining to paralysis |
| dysphoria | a negative emotional state dys / phor / ia bad / carry / condition |
| epilepsy | a disease marked by seizures epi / lepsy upon / seize |
| euphoria | a positive emotional state eu / phor / ia good / carry / condition |
| hypomania | a mental state just below mania hypo / mania under / excessive anger |
| manic depression (bipolar) | a psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression manic depression excitement depression |
| myasthenia | muscle weakness my / asthenia muscle / weakness |
| narcolepsy | a disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness narco / lepsy sleep / seize |
| neurosis | a nerve condition neur / osis nerve / condition |
| psychosis | a mind condition psych / osis mind / condition |
| psychopathy | a mental illness psycho / pathy mind / disease |
| schizophrenia | a mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech schizo / phren / ia divide / mind / condition |
| akinetopsia | inability to see objects in motion a / kinet / opsia no / movement / vision condition |
| ambiopia | double vision ambi / opia both / vision condition |
| asthenopia | weak vision (i.e., eye strain) asthen / opia weak / vision condition |
| diplopia | double vision dipl / opia double / vision condition |
| hemianopsia | blindness in half the visual field hemi / an / opsia half / no / vision condition |
| hyperopia | farsightedness hyper / opia over / vision condition |
| myopia | nearsightedness my / opia shut / vision condition |
| presbyopia | decreased vision caused by old age presby / opia old age / vision condition |
| scotopia | adjustment of the eye to seeing in darkness scot / opia darkness / vision condition |
| blepharoplegia | paralysis of the eyelid blepharo / plegia eyelid / paralysis |
| blepharospasm | involuntary contraction of an eyelid blepharo / spasm eyelid / involuntary contraction |
| dacryoadenalgia | pain in the tear gland dacryo / aden / algia tear / gland / pain |
| dacryocystalgia | pain in the tear sac dacryo / cyst / algia tear / sac / pain |
| dacryohemorrhea | blood in the tears dacryo / hemo / rrhea tear / blood / excessive discharge |
| dacryorrhea | excessive tearing dacryo / rrhea tear / excessive discharge |
| ophthalmalgia | eye pain eye pain |
| ophthalmoplegia | eye paralysis ophthalmo / plegia eye / paralysis |
| xerophthalmia | dry eyes xer / ophthalm / ia dry / eye / condition |
| astigmatism | vision problem caused by the fact that light rays entering the eye aren’t focused on a single point in the back of the eye a / stigmat / ism no / point / condition |
| corneal xerosis | dryness of the cornea corne / al xer / osis cornea / pertaining to dry / condition |
| keratalgia | pain in the cornea kerat / algia cornea / pain |
| cycloplegia | paralysis of the ciliary body cyclo / plegia ciliary body / paralysis |
| iridalgia | pain in the iris irid / algia iris / pain |
| miosis | abnormal contraction of the pupil from Greek, for “to lessen” |
| mydriasis | abnormal dilation of pupil from Greek, for “red-hot metal” |
| scotoma | dark spot in the visual field scot / oma darkness / tumor |
| hyperacusis | excessively sensitive hearing hyper / acusis over / hearing condition |
| hypoacusis | excessively insensitive hearing hypo / acusis under / hearing condition |
| osteoacusis | hearing through bone osteo / acusis bone / hearing condition |
| presbycusis | loss of hearing in old age presby / cusis old age / hearing condition |
| mastoidalgia | pain in the mastoid mastoid / algia mastoid / pain |
| otalgia | ear pain ot / algia ear / pain |
| otodynia | ear pain oto / dynia ear / pain |
| otorrhea | discharge from the ear oto / rrhea ear / excessive discharge |
| tinnitus | ringing in the ears from Latin, for “to ring or jingle” |
| vertigo | sensation of moving through space (while stationary) from Latin, for “to whirl around” |
| ophthalmoscope | instrument for looking at the eye ophthalmo / scope eye / instrument for looking |
| optomyometer | device used to determine the strength of eye muscles opto / myo / meter eye / muscle / instrument for measuring |
| phacoscope | instrument for looking at the lens phaco / scope lens / instrument for looking |
| retinoscope | instrument for looking at the retina retino / scope retina / instrument for looking |
| retinoscopy | procedure for looking at the retina retino / scopy retina / looking procedure |
| tonometer | instrument for measuring tension or pressure in the eye (intraocular pressure) tono / meter tension / instrument for measuring |
| binocular | pertaining to both eyes bin / ocul / ar two / eye / pertaining to |
| iridokinesis | the movement of the iris irido / kinesis iris / movement |
| lacrimation | formation of tears (i.e., crying) lacrim / ation tear / condition |
| nasolacrimal | pertaining to the nose and tear system naso / lacrim / al nose / tear / pertaining to |
| ophthalmic | pertaining to the eye ophthalm / ic eye / pertaining to |
| ophthalmologist | eye specialist ophthalmo / logist eye / specialist |
| optic | pertaining to the eye opt / ic eye / pertaining to |
| optokinetic | pertaining to eye movement opto / kinet / ic eye / movement / pertaining to |
| optometrist | specialist in measuring the eye opto / metr / ist eye / measure / specialist |
| retinal | pertaining to the retina retin / al retina / pertaining to |
| blepharedema | eyelid swelling blephar / edema eyelid / swelling |
| blepharoptosis | drooping eyelid blepharo / ptosis eyelid / drooping condition |
| blepharopyorrhea | discharge of pus from the eyelid blepharo / pyo / rrhea eyelid / pus / discharge |
| dacryolith | hard formation (stone) in the tear system dacryo / lith tear / stone |
| dacryopyorrhea | discharge of pus in tears dacryo / pyo / rrhea tear / pus / discharge |
| ectropion | outward turning of the eyelid, away from the eye ec / tropion out / turn |
| entropion | inward turning of the eyelid, toward the eye en / tropion in / turn |
| exophthalmus | protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket ex / ophthalmus out / eye |
| nystagmus | involuntary back-and-forth movement of the eyes from Greek, for “to nod” |
| strabismus | condition where the eyes deviate when looking at the same object from Latin, for “to squint” |
| esotropia | inward turning of the eye, toward the nose eso / trop / ia inward / turn / condition |
| exotropia | outward turning of the eye, away from the nose exo / trop / ia outward / turn / condition |
| keratomalacia | abnormal softening of the cornea kerato / malacia cornea / softening |
| pterygium | winglike growth of conjunctival tissue extending to the cornea from Greek, for “wing” |
| scleromalacia | abnormal softening of the sclera sclero / malacia sclera / softening |
| papilledema | swelling of the optic nerve where it enters papill / edema nipple / swelling |
| phacomalacia | abnormal softening of the lens phaco / malacia lens / softening |
| phacosclerosis | abnormal hardening of the lens phaco / scler / osis lens / hardening / condition |
| audiogram | record produced by an audiometer audio / gram hearing / record |
| audiometer | instrument for measuring hearing audio / meter hearing / instrument for measuring |
| audiometry | procedure for measuring hearing audio / metry hearing / measuring procedure |
| otoscope | instrument for looking in the ear oto / scope ear / instrument for looking |
| otoscopy | procedure for examining the ear oto / scopy ear / looking procedure |
| pneumatic otoscopy | procedure for examining the ear using air pneumat / ic oto / scopy air / pertaining to ear / looking procedure |
| salpingoscope | instrument for examining the eustachian tubes salpingo / scope eustachian tube / instrument for looking |
| tympanometry | procedure for measuring the eardrum tympano / metry eardrum / measuring process |
| audiologist | hearing specialist audio / logist hearing / specialist |
| aural | pertaining to the ear aur / al ear / pertaining to |
| otolaryngologist | specialist in the ear and throat oto / laryngo / logist ear / throat / specialist |
| otoneurologist | specialist in the nerve connections between the ear and brain oto / neuro / logist ear / nerve / specialist |
| otorhinolaryngologist | specialist in the ear, nose, and throat oto / rhino / laryngo / logist ear / nose / throat / specialist |
| otosteal | pertaining to the bones of the ear ot / oste / al ear / bone / pertaining to |
| salpingopharyngeal | pertaining to the eustachian tubes and the throat salpingo / pharyng / eal eustachian tube / throat / pertaining to |
| ceruminoma | benign tumor of the cerumen-secreting glands of the ear cerumin / oma ear wax / tumor |
| ceruminosis | excessive formation of ear wax cerumin / osis ear wax / condition |
| macrotia | abnormally large ears macr / ot / ia big / ear / condition |
| microtia | abnormally small ears micr / ot / ia small / ear / condition |
| otopyorrhea | discharge of pus from the ears oto / pyo / rrhea ear / pus / discharge |
| otosclerosis | hearing loss caused by the hardening of the bones of the middle ear oto / scler / osis ear / hardening / condition |
| tympanic perforation | tear or hole in the eardrum tympan / ic per / for / ation eardrum / pertaining to through / pierce / condition |
| tympanosclerosis | hardening of the eardrum tympano / scler / osis eardrum / hardening / condition |
| blepharitis | eyelid inflammation blephar / itis eyelid / inflammation |
| blepharoconjunctivitis | inflammation of the eyelid and conjunctiva blepharo / conjunctiv / itis eyelid / conjunctiva / inflammation |
| dacryocystitis | inflammation of the tear sac dacryo / cyst / itis tear / sac / inflammation |
| dacryoadenitis | inflammation of the tear gland dacryo / aden / itis tear / gland / inflammation |
| dacryohemorrhea | discharge of blood in tears dacryo / hemo / rrhea tear / blood / discharge |
| dacryolithiasis | presence of hard formations (stones) in the tear system dacryo / lith / iasis tear / stone / presence |
| dacryostenosis | narrowing of the tear duct dacryo / sten / osis tear / narrowing / condition |
| glaucoma | eye disease that causes vision loss by damaging the optic nerve glaucoma from a Greek word meaning “gray-eyed” |
| oculomycosis | fungal eye condition oculo / myc / osis eye / fungus / condition |
| oculopathy | eye disease oculo / pathy eye / disease |
| ophthalmatrophy | atrophy (wasting away) of the eye ophthalm / a / trophy eye / no / nourishment |
| ophthalmitis | inflammation of the eye ophthalm / itis eye / inflammation |
| ophthalmomycosis | fungal eye condition ophthalmo / myc / osis eye / fungus / condition |
| ophthalmomyitis | inflammation of the eye muscles ophthalmo / my / itis eye / muscle / inflammation |
| ophthalmopathy | eye disease ophthalmo / pathy eye / disease |
| trichiasis | condition caused by eyelashes growing backward and coming in contact with the eye trich / iasis hair / presence |
| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva (also known as pink eye) conjunctiv / itis conjunctiva / inflammation |
| keratitis | inflammation of the cornea kerat / itis cornea / inflammation |
| keratopathy | disease of the cornea kerato / pathy cornea / disease |
| sclerectasia | overexpansion of the sclera scler / ectas / ia sclera / expansion / condition |
| scleroiritis | inflammation of the sclera and iris sclero / ir / itis sclera / iris / inflammation |
| sclerokeratitis | inflammation of the sclera and cornea sclero / kerat / itis sclera / cornea / inflammation |
| sclerokeratoiritis | inflammation of the sclera, cornea, and iris sclero / kerato / ir / itis sclera / cornea / iris / inflammation |
| aniridia | absence of an iris an / irid / ia no / iris / condition |
| aphakia | absence of a lens a / phak / ia no / lens / condition |
| cataract | opacity (cloudiness) of the lens of the eye from Latin, for “waterfall” |
| corneal abrasion | scratch on the cornea corne / al ab / rasion cornea / pertaining to away / rubbing |
| cyclokeratitis | inflammation of the ciliary body and cornea cyclo / kerat / itis ciliary body / cornea / inflammation |
| endophthalmitis | inflammation of the inside of the eye (often a complication from intraocular surgery) end / ophthalm / itis inside / eye / inflammation |
| iridemia | bleeding from the iris irid / emia iris / blood condition |
| iridocyclitis | inflammation of the iris and ciliary body irido / cycl / itis iris / ciliary body / inflammation |
| iridokeratitis | inflammation of the iris and cornea irido / kerat / itis iris / cornea / inflammation |
| iridopathy | disease of the iris irido / pathy iris / disease |
| iritis | inflammation of the iris ir / itis iris / inflammation |
| optic neuritis | inflammation of the optic nerve opt / ic neur / itis eye / pertaining to nerve / inflammation |
| phakitis | inflammation of the lens phak / itis lens / inflammation |
| retinitis | inflammation of the retina retin / itis retina / inflammation |
| retinopathy | disease of the retina retino / pathy retina / disease |
| retinosis | retinal condition retin / osis retina / condition |
| cerumen impaction | buildup of ear wax blocking ear canal cerumen im / pac / tion ear wax in / drive / condition |
| mastoiditis | inflammation of the mastoid mastoid / itis mastoid / inflammation |
| otitis externa | inflammation of the outer ear ot / itis externa ear / inflammation outside |
| otomycosis | fungal ear condition oto / myc / osis ear / fungus / condition |
| aerotitis | inflammation of the ear caused by air aer / ot / itis |
| conductive hearing loss | hearing loss caused by sound not getting to the middle/inner ear (due to blockages) con / duct / ive together / lead / pertaining to |
| myringitis | inflammation of the eardrum myring / itis eardrum / inflammation |
| myringodermatitis | inflammation of the eardrum and surrounding skin myringo / dermat / itis eardrum / skin / inflammation |
| myringomycosis | fungal condition of the eardrum myringo / myc / osis eardrum / fungus / condition |
| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear ot / itis media ear / inflammation middle |
| otosclerosis | hearing loss caused by the hardening of the bones of the middle ear oto / scler / osis ear / hardening / condition |
| rhinosalpingitis | inflammation of the nose and eustachian tubes rhino / salping / itis nose / eustachian / tube inflammation |
| acoustic neuroma | tumor on the acoustic nerve acous / tic neur / oma hearing / pertaining to nerve / tumor |
| cochleitis | inflammation of the cochlea cochle / itis cochlea / inflammation |
| labyrinthitis | inflammation of the labyrinth labyrinth / itis labyrinth / inflammation |
| sensorineural hearing loss | hearing loss caused by sound not being transmitted from the inner ear to the brain (due to problems with the sensory organs or nerves) sensori / neur / al sense / nerve / pertaining to |
| vestibular neuritis | inflammation of the vestibular nerve vestibul / ar neur / itis vestibule / pertaining to nerve / inflammation |
| vestibulitis | inflammation of the vestibule vestibul / itis vestibule / inflammation |
| adenalgia | pain in a gland aden / algia gland / pain |
| adrenal virilism | development of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by excessive secretion of the adrenal gland adrenal viril / ism adrenal man / condition |
| adrenarche | beginning of adrenal secretion (at puberty) adren / arche adrenal / beginning |
| hirsutism | excessive growth of facial and body hair in women from Latin, for “shaggy” |
| amenorrhea | lack of menstrual flow a / meno / rrhea no / menstrual / flow |
| gynecomastia | development of breast tissue in males gyneco / mast / ia woman / breast / condition |
| hypergonadism | condition in which there is excessive secretion of the sex glands hyper / gonad / ism over / gonad / condition |
| hypogonadism | condition in which there is undersecretion of the sex glands hypo / gonad / ism under / gonad / condition |
| menarche | beginning or first menstruation men / arche menstrual / beginning |
| thelarche | beginning of breast development thel / arche breast / beginning |
| hypoglycemic | pertaining to low blood sugar hypo / glyc / em / ic under / sugar / blood / pertaining to |
| pancreatalgia | pain in the pancreas pancreat / algia pancreas / pain |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst poly / dips / ia excessive / thirst / condition |
| polyphagia | excessive eating poly / phag / ia excessive / eat / condition |
| polyuria | excessive urination poly / uria excessive / urine condition |
| acromegaly | abnormal enlargement of the extremities acro / megaly extremities / abnormal enlargement |
| galactorrhea | discharge of milk galacto / rrhea milk / discharge |
| pituitary dwarfism | n abnormally short height caused by undersecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland |
| pituitary gigantism | abnormally tall height caused by oversecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland |
| exophthalmos | protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket ex / ophthalmos out / eye |
| goiter | swollen thyroid gland from Latin, for “gutter” (meaning “throat”) |
| thyrocele | another name for goiter thyro / cele thyroid / tumor |
| thyromegaly | enlargement of the thyroid thyro / megaly thyroid / enlargement |
| thyroptosis | downward displacement (drooping) of the thryoid thyro / ptosis thyroid / drooping condition |
| acidemia | abnormal acidity of the blood acid / emia acid / blood condition |
| alkalemia | abnormal alkalinity (opposite of acidity) of the blood alkal / emia alkali / blood condition |
| calciuria | calcium in the urine calci / uria calcium / urine condition |
| chloremia | increased chloride in the blood chlor / emia chloride / blood condition |
| euglycemia | good blood sugar eu / glyc / emia good / sugar / blood condition |
| glucosuria | sugar in the urine glucos / uria sugar / urine condition |
| hypercalcemia | excessive calcium in the blood hyper / calc / emia over / calcium / blood condition |
| hypercholesterolemia | excessive cholesterol in the blood hyper / cholesterol / emia excessive / cholesterol / blood condition |
| hyperglycemia | high blood sugar hyper / glyc / emia excessive / sugar / blood condition |
| hyperkalemia | excessive potassium in the blood hyper / kal / emia over / potassium / blood condition |
| hyperlipidemia | excessive fat in the blood hyper / lipid / emia excessive / fat / blood condition |
| hypernatremia | excessive sodium in the blood hyper / natr / emia excessive / sodium / blood condition |
| hyperphosphatemia | excessive phosphate in the blood hyper / phosphat / emia excessive / phosphate / blood condition |
| hypoglycemia | low blood sugar hypo / glyc / emia under / sugar / blood condition |
| ketonuria | ketone bodies in the urine keton / uria ketone / urine condition |
| polyuria | excessive urination poly / uria excessive / urine condition |
| uremia | presence of urinary waste in the blood ur / emia urine / blood condition |
| adrenaline | hormone secreted by the adrenal gland ad / renal / ine on / kidney / chemical |
| epinephrine | hormone secreted by the adrenal gland epi / nephr / ine upon / kidney / chemical |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland adreno / cortico / trop / ic adrenal / cortex / stimulating / pertaining to |
| corticotropin | shorter name for adrenocorticotropic hormone cortico / tropin cortex / stimulating |
| glucagon | hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels gluc / agon sugar / lead |
| glucocorticoid | hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism gluco / cortic / oid sugar / cortex / resembling |
| gonadotropin | hormone that stimulates the gonads gonado / tropin gonad / stimulating |
| insulin | hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats insul / in island / chemical |
| thyrotropin | hormone that stimulates the thyroid thyro / tropin thyroid / stimulating |
| adenomegaly | abnormal enlargement of a gland adeno / megaly gland / enlargement |
| adrenomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland adreno / megaly adrenal / enlargement |
| euthyroid | normal functioning thyroid eu / thyroid good / thyroid |
| gluconeogenesis | formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources gluco / neo / genesis sugar / new / formation |
| glycolysis | This is done in cells in order to release energy. glyco / lysis sugar / loosen |
| glycopenia | deficiency of sugar glyco / penia sugar / deficiency |
| gonadogenesis | creation/development of gonads gonado / genesis gonad / formation |
| metabolism | breakdown of matter into energy meta / bol / ism over / throw / condition |
| endocrine | to secrete internally (i.e., into the bloodstream) endo / crine inside / secretion |
| endocrinologist | specialist in internal secretions endo / crino / logist inside / secretion / specialist |
| exocrine | to secrete externally (through ducts to the surface of an organ, i.e., sweat glands and salivary glands) exo / crine outside / secretion |
| glycemic index | ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood glyc / em / ic sugar / blood / pertaining to |
| ketogenesis | creation of ketone bodies keto / genesis ketone / creation |
| thyroid function tests | tests performed to evaluate the function of the thyroid |
| cholangiopancreatography | procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas chol / angio / pancreato / graphy bile / vessel / pancreas / writing procedure |
| endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography | procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas in which an endoscope is passed backward from the digestive tract into the bile duct endo / scop / ic retro / grade inside / looking / pertaining to backward / step chol / angio / pancreato / grap |
| adenitis | inflammation of a gland aden / itis gland / inflammation |
| adenopathy | gland disease adeno / pathy gland / disease |
| adenosis | gland condition aden / osis gland / condition |
| dysmetabolic syndrome | combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism dys / metabolic syn / drome bad / metabolism together / running |
| ketosis | condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood ket / osis ketone body / condition |
| polyadenopathy | disease involving many glands poly / adeno / pathy many / gland / disease |
| adrenal insufficiency | condition in which the adrenal glands underproduce necessary hormones adrenal in / sufficiency adrenal not / adequate |
| adrenalitis | inflammation of the adrenal gland adrenal / itis adrenal / inflammation |
| adrenocortical insufficiency | condition in which the adrenal cortex underproduces necessary hormones adreno / cortic / al in / sufficiency adrenal / cortex / pertaining to not / adequate |
| adrenocorticohyperplasia | overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland adreno / cortico / hyper / plasia adrenal / cortex / over / formation |
| congenital adrenal hyperplasia | genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdeveloped, resulting in a deficiency of certain hormones and an overproduction of others con / genit / al adrenal with / birth / pertaining to adrenal hyper / plasia over / formation |
| diabetes mellitus | metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia diabetes mellitus pass through honey |
| diabetic ketoacidosis | acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar; thus, it must burn fat for energy |
| pancreatic pseudocyst | abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst pancreat / ic pseudo / cyst pancreas / pertaining to false / cyst |
| pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas pancreat / itis pancreas / inflammation |
| pancreatolith | stone in the pancreas pancreato / lith pancreas / stone |
| pancreatolithiasis | presence of a stone in the pancreas pancreato / lith / iasis pancreas / stone / presence |
| hyperpituitarism | overfunctioning of the pituitary gland hyper / pituitar / ism over / pituitary / condition |
| hypophysitis | inflammation of the pituitary gland hypophys / itis pituitary / inflammation |
| hypopituitarism | condition caused by the undersecretion of the pituitary gland hypo / pituitar / ism under / pituitary / condition |
| panhypopituitarism | defective or absent function of the entire pituitary gland pan / hypo / pituitar / ism all / under / pituitary / condition |
| pituitary infarction | death of the pituitary gland pituitary in / farc / tion pituitary in / stuff / condition |
| hyperparathyroidism | overproduction by the parathyroid glands hyper / para / thyroid / ism over / beside / thyroid / condition |
| hyperthyroidism | overproduction by the thyroid hyper / thyroid / ism over / thyroid / condition |
| hypoparathyroidism | underproduction by the parathyroid hypo / para / thyroid / ism under / beside / thyroid / condition |
| hypothyroidism | underproduction by the thyroid hypo / thyroid / ism under / thyroid / condition |
| thyroiditis | inflammation of the thyroid thyroid / itis thyroid / inflammation |
| thyrotoxicosis | condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone (an extreme version of this is known as “thyroid storm”) thyro / toxic / osis thyroid / poison / condition |
| adenocarcinoma | cancerous tumor of a gland |
| adenocarcinoma | adeno / carcin / oma gland / cancer / tumor |
| adenoma | glandular tumor aden / oma gland / tumor |
| adrenal adenoma | tumor of the adrenal gland adrenal aden / oma adrenal gland / tumor |
| adrenocortical carcinoma | cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland adreno / cortic / al carcin / oma adrenal / cortex / pertaining to cancer / tumor |
| insulinoma | tumor that secretes insulin (found in the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas) insulin / oma insulin / tumor |
| parathyroidoma | tumor of the parathyroid para / thyroid / oma beside / thyroid / tumor |
| pituitary adenoma | tumor on the pituitary gland pituitary aden / oma pituitary gland / tumor |
| thymoma | tumor of the thymus thym / oma thymus / tumor |
| continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion | continuous injection of insulin into the blood from a pump inserted under the skin continuous sub / cutaneous continuous beneath / skin insulin in / fus / ion insulin in / pour / process |
| thyroidotoxin | substance poisonous to the thyroid gland thyroido / toxin thyroid / poison |
| adenectomy | removal of a gland aden / ectomy gland / removal |
| ketogenic diet | diet that aids in the production of ketones in the body keto / genic diet ketone body / creating |
| thymectomy | removal of the thymus thym / ectomy thymus / removal |
| adrenalectomy | removal of the adrenal gland adrenal / ectomy adrenal / removal |
| laparoscopic adrenalectomy | removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparascope (instrument inserted into the abdomen for viewing) laparo / scop / ic abdomen / looking / pertaining to adrenal / ectomy adrenal / removal |
| pancreatectomy | removal of the pancreas pancreat / ectomy pancreas / removal |
| pancreatolithectomy | removal of a stone in the pancreas pancreato / lith / ectomy pancreas / stone / removal |
| hypophysectomy | removal of the pituitary gland hypophys / ectomy pituitary / removal |
| parathyroidectomy | removal of the parathyroid para / thyroid / ectomy beside / thyroid / removal |
| thyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid thyroid / ectomy thyroid / removal |
| thyroidotomy | incision into the thyroid thyroido / tomy thyroid / incision |
| thyroparathyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands thyro / para / thyroid / ectomy thyroid / beside / thyroid / removal |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| BS | blood sugar |
| CGM | continuous glucose monitor |
| DI | diabetes insipidus |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| GDM | gestational diabetes mellitus |
| GH | growth hormone |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| HgA1C | hemoglobin A1C test (used by diabetes patients to monitor blood sugar levels) |
| HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
| TFT | thyroid function test |
| TSH | thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin) |
| T3 | triiodothyronine (one of two primary hormones produced by the thyroid) |
| T4 | thyroxine (one of two primary hormones produced by the thyroid) |
Created by:
chrystin
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