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Middle Ages

QuestionAnswer
Serf Peasant bound to the land unable to leave
Feudalism social and economic structure that offered protection in the Middle Ages
Feudal Obligation Your duty and loyalty to the person above you in Feudalism
Vassal person who has to serve another in the Feudal system
Knight offers military protection to a Lord in the Middle Ages
Middle Ages Time period after the fall of Rome in 476 CE until the start of the Renaissance
Manor (Manorial system) self sufficient village during the Middle Ages (most people rarely traveled or left) had a rigid class structure
Invaders groups that disrupted trade and life during Middle Ages led to the rise of Feudalism
Anglo Saxons groups of invaders that settled in England
Viking Scandanivian invaders who settle in Russia
Magyars invaders that settle in Central Europe
Charlemagne King of the Franks who reunified Western Europe and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor
Pope leader of the Roman Catholic Church very powerful in Middle Ages
Monastaries Catholic homes for monks that preserved Greece and Roman manuscripts and studies through monks
Crusades war between Muslims and Christians over the holy land of Jerusalem
Saladin Muslim General who fought Christians during Crusades
Pope Urban II Christian ruler who inspired the Crusades with his speech
King John English King who signed the Magna Carta
Magna Carta document in England that limited the power of the King and protected people's rights
King Henry II English King who developed Common Law and Jury System
William the Conqueror Conquered most of England, led the Norman Conquest, and became first English King
Battle of Hastings 1066 Battle that led to the crowning of William of Normandy as England's King
Joan of Arc female hero of the Hundred Years War
King Hugh Capet First French King started the Capetian Dynasty
Ivan III Czar of Russia that kicked out Mongols
Ferdinand and Isabella Spanish monarchs who kicked out Jews and Muslims while unifying Spain
Charles V Spanish King who spread territory into the Western Hemisphere
Hundred Years War Conflict between France and England over French land; France victory will help define them as a nation
Black Death Bubonic Plague; disease from fleas on rats that spread and kills 25 million people in Western Europe
Castles built for protection from invaders by wealthy nobles and kings during the Middle Ages
Economic Impacts of Crusades use of checks, credit, and Arabic numbers, trade with Middle East increases, kings gained the power of taxation over the people
Political Impacts of Crusades weakened the Pope and strengthened the Kings of Europe; Muslims kept control of Jerusalem, bitterness amongst Christians, Jews, and Muslims
Franks group of invaders who settled in the areas of France and Germany
Impact of Invading Groups disrupted trade and towns declined, eventually settled in areas of Europe and converted to Christianity
Achievements of Charlemagne built schools, roads, churches crowned Holy Roman Emperor
Byzantine Empire looted by Christians during the Crusades and left weakened and in decline after the Crusades
Latin language of the Catholic Church but replaced with everyday languages of French, Italian Spanish etc.
King Phillip II (Augustus) French king who moved the capital to Paris
Crusader States areas controlled by the Christians during the Crusades later Muslims captured areas
Impacts of the Bubonic Plague population loss, massacres of Jews (blamed for sickness), peasant revolts, disrupted trade, lack of workers
Church Scholars 1. could read and write preserved knowledge and translated works into Latin
Parliament British law making group that limited the power of the King (gradually evolved over time)
Fief area of land giving to a Vassal (Noble) in exchange for loyalty
Created by: user-1599875
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