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ap section 1 vocab
intro and maps
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cartography | the science or practice of drawing maps |
| Mental Maps | a person's point-of-view perception of their area of interaction. |
| Reference Maps | A map type that shows reference information for a particular place, making it useful for finding landmarks and for navigating |
| Physical Maps | A map that shows anything from natural features, to state boundaries, to roads. |
| Political Maps | A map that shows the political features of an area. |
| Road Maps | A map that shows roads |
| Locator Maps | Used to show the specific location of something or the area of somewhere |
| Thematic Maps | A map that uses dots to represent the frequency of a variable in a given area |
| Choropleth Maps | A thematic map that uses tones or colors to represent spatial data as average values per unit area. |
| Dot Distribution | Maps where one dot represents a certain number of phenomena, such as population. |
| Isoline Maps | Lines spaced close together indicate a rapidly changing value. |
| Graduated Symbol Maps | A map that shows amount, location and allows for easy comparison |
| Cartograms | The size of an area is distorted based on how natural a phenomenon is in that area. |
| Four Ways of Distortion | Distance, Direction, Shape, and Area. |
| Mercator Projection | Normal Map, Greenland is huge. Map used in most schools |
| Robinson | Round map, some distortion. |
| Goode Homolosine | Four different maps in one projection. |
| Gall-Peters | Everything looks longer but it is accurate. |
| Azimuthal Equidistant | Map where the north pole is the center |
| Location | the geographical situation of people and things. |
| Absolute Location | The coordinate location of a place |
| Latitude | Lines running across the earth to measure coordinates North and South while it is listed first. |
| Equator | Center latitude line on earth |
| Prime Meridian | Center longitude line on earth |
| Longitude | Lines running up and down earth measured in east and west and is second in LAT and LONG. |
| International Date Line | Line on earth that measures where one day ends and one day begins. |
| Relative Location | Relative location refers to the position of a place or entity based on its location with respect to other locations. For example, the location of the US Capitol is located about 38 miles southwest of Baltimore |
| Site | the actual location of a settlement on the Earth, and the term includes the physical characteristics of the landscape specific to the area. Site factors include landforms, climate, vegetation, availability of water, soil quality, minerals, and wildlife |
| Situation | situation or site refers to the location of a place based on its relation to other places. |
| Distance Decay | the interaction between two locales declines as the distance between them increases. |
| Time-Space Compression | the increasing sense of connectivity that seems to be bringing people closer together even though their distances are the same |
| Environmental Determinism | the idea that the physical environment, climate and geographical conditions shape human thoughts, actions and behavior |
| Possibilism | Possibilism refers to the theory that the environment imposes certain constraints or limitations, but culture is otherwise determined by human actions |
| Scale of Analysis (Spatial Scale) | The total number of people divided by the total land area. |
| Formal Region | also known as a uniform or homogeneous region, is an area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics |
| Functional Region | in geography is an area centered on a node, focal point, or central hub surrounded by interconnecting linkages |
| Perceptual Region | A region based on opinion, for example some people may think Maryland is part of the south while others may say it is in the mid atlantic. |
| Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | a collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed, and displayed to the user. |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | This system uses data from satellites to pin-point a location on earth and help people find their way to a destination |
| Remote Sensing | Remote sensing refers to the process of taking pictures of the Earth's surface from satellites (or, earlier, airplanes) to provide a greater understanding of the Earth's geography over large distances |
| Qualitative Data | Data based on observations |
| Quantitative Data | Data based on statistics. |
Created by:
chloe_kinirons
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