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Greece Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Minoans | group of expert shipbuilders that settled on the island of Crete |
| Mycenaeans | the first Greeks who established colonies and built fortresses throughout Greece |
| Polis | city-state |
| Acropolis | a high hill that housed the fortress of the city-state |
| Athens | Greek city-state where democracy was first created |
| Sparta | Greek city-state that became a military society |
| Oligarchy | a type of government where the power is shared with a small group of people |
| Aristocracy | a type of government where only a small group of the wealthiest people have the power |
| Tyranny | a type of government that uses force to rule |
| Democracy | a government that gives people the power to rule themselves |
| Citizen | someone who has the right to participate in government |
| Direct democracy | a form of democracy that allows all citizens to directly participate in government |
| Representative democracy | a form of democracy where citizens choose government officials to represent them |
| Pericles | leader of Ancient Greece who promoted democracy |
| Alliance | an agreement formed between groups to work together |
| Peloponnesian War | a long-term war between Athens and Sparta that led to Sparta’s victory |
| Mythology | stories about gods and goddesses that attempt to explain different events |
| Homer | Blind poet who wrote the Odyssey and the Iliad |
| Olympics | sporting competition held every four years, originally in honor of Zeus |
| Socrates | Greek philosopher famous for using questioning techniques, interested in ethics or the study of right and wrong |
| Plato | Greek philosopher and teacher who created the Academy |
| Aristotle | Greek thinker who believed in practicing moderation and the use of reason, tutored Alexander the Great |
| Hippocrates | Greek doctor famous for the Hippocratic oath, which ensures doctors do what is best for their patients |
| Alexander the Great | Macedonian King who expanded his empire across parts of three continents |
| Hellenistic | Greek-like culture, relating to history or culture |
| Phalanx | group of soldiers arranged in a square |
| Comedy | A humorous form of Greek drama that often mocked famous people |
| Tragedy | A serious form of Greek drama in which characters endure suffering before an unhappy ending |
| Parthenon | A famous temple in Athens, known for it's columns which is still standing today |
| Philosophy | The study of the universe and our place in it |
| Agora | An open space in a Greek city that served as a marketplace and social center |
| Monarchy | A government ruled by a single person, such as a king |
| Odysseus | A hero of the Odyssey who encountered many creatures during his journey such as the Cyclops and the Sirens |
| Jury | A group of people chosen to make a decision based on evidence presented in a trial. |
| Raw Material | A substance from which other other things are made. |
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