Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bones
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The sketal system is divided into what 2 divisions? | Axial (upper) and Appendicular (lower) |
| What are the main function of the skeletal system? | support the body, protect vital organs, movement, blood cell formation, and storage of minerals and fats |
| Long bone classification | longer than wide and have a shaft with heads at both ends and contain mostly compact bone |
| Example of long bones | Femur and humerus |
| Short bone classification | cube shaped and contain mostly spongy bone |
| Examples of short bones | Carpals and tarsals |
| Flat bone classification | thin, flat, usually curved, have thin layers of compact bone surrounded by spongy bone |
| Examples of flat bones | Skull, ribs, sternum |
| Irregular bone classification | irregular shape, doesn’t fit into the categories |
| Examples of irregular bones | vertebrae and hip |
| What is the Diaphysis? | a shaft made up of compact bone |
| What is the Epiphysis? | The ends of bone containing spongy bone |
| Osteon (Haversian System) | A unit of bone |
| Central (Haversian) canal | opening in the center of an osteon and carries blood vessels and nerves |
| Perforating (Volkman’s) canal | canal perpendicular to central canal and carries blood vessels and nerves |
| Osteocytes | Mature bone cells |
| Osteoclasts | Bone-destroying cells |
| Osteoblasts | Bone-forming cells |
| The bone remodeling process needs what cells? | Osteoclasts and Osteoblasts |
| Bone growth | Epiphyseal plates allow growth of long bones during childhood, new cartilage is formed while old cartilage is ossified, and bones lengthen and remodel until growth stops |
| The Axial skeleton is made up of what? | central part of the body = cranium, vertebral column, and rib cage |
| The Appendicular skeleton is made up of what? | Pelvic girdle and pectoral girdle |
| Comminuted fracture | bone breaks in many fragments, common in those with brittle bones |
| Compression fracture | bone is crushed |
| Depressed fracture | broken bone portion is pressed inward, typical in skull fractures |
| Impact fracture | broken bone ends are forced into each other |
| Spiral fracture | excessive twisting forces is applied to bone, common sports fracture |
| Greenstick fracture | bone break incompletely (ends look like a split stick), common in kids |
| 1st step in bone healing | Hematoma formation |
| 2nd step in bone healing | Fibrocartilage callus formation |
| 3rd step in bone healing | Bony callus formation |
| 4th step in bone healing | Bone remodeling |
| Example of plane joint | carpals |
| Example of hinge joint | ulna and humerus |
| Example of pivot joint | ulna and radius |
| Example of condyloid joint | metacarpals and phalanx |
| Example of saddle joint | carpal and metacarpal #1 |
| Example of ball-and-socket joint | head of humerus and scapula |
| Osteoporosis | Bone mineral density is reduced, could be due to lack of estrogen, bone fragility, bone reabsorption is excessive and/or formation is diminished |
| Scoliosis | Abnormal curve of the spine or backbone |
| Rickets and Osteomalacia | Rickets = kids, osteomalacia = adults, due to lack of vitamin D and/or Ca in diet, softening of bones |
| Herniated disk | soft pads between vertebral bones, allow flex and bend/act as shock absorbers |
Created by:
Kar1862
Popular Medical sets