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Hort 2 Sem 1 exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| horticulture | a field the includes growing of fruits, nuts, vegetables, ornamental plants, and flowers, and the sale and processing of these items |
| floriculture | Cultivation of ornamental flowering plants |
| olericulture | the science and practice of growing, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing vegetables |
| pomology | the science and practice of growing, harvesting, handling, storing processing and marketing tree fruits |
| certified landscape professional | an individual who holds a certification in landscape and design |
| landscape and nursery industry | the science and practice of propagating, growing, installing, maintaining, and using grasses, annual plants, shrubs, and trees in the landscape |
| binomial system | a two-name system for naming plants |
| botanical nomenclature | the international set of rules in naming plants |
| common name | the English name of a plant that may differ from various localities |
| cultivar | another name for a specific plant |
| genus | a classification that includes all plants that are similar in physical structure |
| hierarchy | the order in which plants are classified |
| Latin | the language often used to name plants |
| macrophylla | a species name given to plants with large leaves |
| microphylla | a species name given to plants with small leaves |
| species | a group of plants the evolved together and have similar characteristics |
| taxonomist | a person who identifies and classifies plants, often providing the proper name for the plant |
| taxonomy | the study of plant names and the identification of plants |
| adhesion | a force that causes a substance to stick things other than itself |
| centrosome | during mitosis this divides into two identical parts and forms at each end of the cell |
| chloroplasts | small green particle containing chlorophyll found in leaves |
| cohesion | a force the causes molecules of substances, such as water, to stick to each other |
| cytoplasm | the liquid that gives the plant cells its shape and fosters the other cell structures |
| gamete | a mature sex cell |
| genetics | the study of heredity |
| guttation | a system plants are use to remove excess moisture from plant leaves |
| meiosis | the reproductive cell division that results in the formation of gametes |
| mitosis | simple cell division for growth |
| petals | one type of leaf on flowers |
| phloem | the tubes in plant stems the conduct food from leaves through the stem and roots |
| photosynthesis | manufacturer of food by green plants in which carbon dioxide and water are combined in the presence of light and chlorophyll to form sugar and oxygen |
| pistil | the female reproductive part of a flower |
| respiration | a breathing process in which plants and animals consume oxygen and release carbon dioxide |
| sepals | green, leaflike part of the flower that covers and protects the flower bud before it opens |
| stamen | the male reproductive part of the flower containing the male sex cells or pollen |
| stomata | small pores or holes in the leaf that allow the plant to breath and give off moisture |
| transpiration | loss of water through the leaves or stems of plants |
| xylem | conducting tissue in plants that transports water and nutrients from the roots to the stem and leaves |
| xylem tubes | tubes in a plant stem that conduct water and minerals from the roots upward |
| biochemical | a chemical formed by a living organism |
| aggregation | the clinging together of soil particles to form larger, crumblike particles |
| capillary water | water held against the force of gravity |
| dormancy | declares when plants prepare their soft tissues for freezing temperatures, dry weather, or water and nutrient shortages |
| field capacity | water left after capillary movement stops |
| gravitational water | water that the soil is unable to hold against the force of gravity |
| loam | equal mixture of sand, silt and clay |
| limestone | a natural rock used to reduce soil acidity |
| medium | a material that is used to start and grow seeds and plants |
| macroelements | major elements of fertilizer: NPK |
| microelements | elements required by plants in small amounts |
| perlite | a gray-white material of volcanic orgin used to improve aeration of the media |
| photoperiodism | response of plants to different periods of light and darkness in terms of flowering, reproduction cycle and dormancy |
| peat moss | partially decomposed vegetation that has been preserved under water |
| slow-release fertilizers | fertilizer that releases plant nutrients over a long period of time |
| soilless mix | contains combinations of perlite, sphagnum moss, peat moss, vermiculite, limestone, tree bark, and slow- release fertilizers |
| sphagnum moss | dehydrated remains of acid bog plants, used in shredded form form starting seeds |
| transpiration | loss of water through the leaves or stems of plants |
| texture triangle | to determine the textural name of a soil |
| tree bark | bark of pine or hardwood trees ground in small pieces |
| vermiculite | a light mineral with a neutral pH used to increase the moisture holding capacity of media |
| allelopathy | the toxic effect of one plant on another |
| apical dominance | a form of regulating growth in plants in which the terminal bud secretes chemicals that inhibit or prevent the growth of lateral buds on the same shoot |
| auxins | plant hormones that accelerate growth by stimulating cell enlargement |
| blossom set | hormone spray that makes blossoms set fruit despite poor weather |
| cytokinins | plant hormones that stimulate cell division and work along with auxins |
| gibberellins | plant hormones that stimulate growth in stem and leaf by cell elongation |
| green manure | plants plowed or mixed into the soil to rot and add organic matter to the soil |
| hormones | growth-regulating substances in plants |
| inhibitors | plant hormones that inhibit seed germination, stem elongation, and hasten ripening of fruit |
| node | the joint of a stem |
| PGR | plant growth retardant |
| photorespiration | movement of gases and water vapor from the plant leaf during photosynthesis |
| retard | to slow down |
| retardants | chemicals used to slow down the growth of plants |
Created by:
3turnshome79
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