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REL 130 Exam 3
exam 3 study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ten Commandments apodictic (Ex 20) and Covenant Code case law (Ex 21-23) | you shall and shall not rules; encyclopedia of rules |
| Exodus 19: Stipulations of the covenant | be faithful/ obey his voice |
| Justice as Neighborliness | nation of people who were neighbors, they had an obligation to each other, in the covenant code there are special laws that were pertained to the vulnerable groups - they are not to be oppressed - the responsibility of everyone |
| Mosaic Yahwism - Israel's religion | 1. Yahweh is a God, or Lord, of history (works through people) 2. Relationship between Yahweh and Israel is defined by: election, covenant, law Exclusive worship of Yahweh (practical monotheism) |
| Covenant formula | "I will be your God and you will be my people" |
| Shalom (peace/welfare/wholeness) & the “court in the gate” Shiloh | center of justice within a community when something bad would happen shalom would be broken so they brought the problem to the gate and they would render a judgement to establish justice |
| Solomon | David's son by Bathsheba (a second child) Comes to power after intrigue, struggle, with his brother Adonijah for the throne Known for his wisdom, a legend in his own time (dream/prayer, story of the two prostitutes) |
| David | Son of Jesse, from Bethlehem in Judah Shepherd, musician/poet, warrior & military commander Outlaw to Saul and vassal to the Philistines King of Judah and Israel, ca 1000 BCE for about 40 yrs |
| Royal Theology: definition & 3 ideas | Inviolability of Zion Davidic kingship (promise to David) Anointing & the Lord’s Anointed (crowning & title) |
| Royal Theology | unconditional covenant, or absolute promise of Yahweh |
| Mount Zion | Temple mount |
| David as model for king/messiah | -Yahweh chooses the house of David as kings forever over Israel, establishing Davidic Kingship; Model for kingship, Israel's kings after him and the ideal king to come, the Messiah; collapses with the Exile |
| Reasons for the break-up of United Kgdm | Death of Solomon |
| Corvee/corvee labor | drafted labor; forced laborers working for the state |
| Ephraim/Israel | Capital: Samaria Chief Shrine - Royal shrines at Dan and Bethel (golden bulls, bull calf) Kingship - Charismatic prophets |
| Judah | Capital: Jerusalem Chief Shrine - Solomon's temple in Jerusalem Kingship - Davidic kingship |
| Zadok | New Jerusalem priesthood; David's priest at the temple |
| Fall of Samaria | N Kingdom destroyed by the Assyrians in 722 BCE with the Fall of Samaria |
| Assyria | destroyed Israel (N Kingdom) |
| Tiglath‑Pileser and deportation of conquered peoples | Threat of Assyria : new strategy of deportation in Northern kingdom (Israel) |
| Deuteronomy & Josiah’s Reform - 622 | • Purification of the Temple & centralization of worship by outlawing sacrifice at the shrines, centered in a scroll found during the Temple's cleansing, believed to be some form of Deuteronomy |
| Fall of Judah: 3 Deportations | Three deportations—597, 587/6, 582—of its people to Babylon |
| Babylonia | destroyed Judah (S Kingdom) |
| Nebuchadnezzar | Takes Jerusalem after king Jehoakim rebels, burns Jerusalem and the Temple - King of Babylon that destroys the southern Kingdom and deports people |
| 1. Is Yahweh with us? | Yahweh, enthroned in creation, is wherever his people are: |
| 2. Has Yahweh been defeated & made powerless by Babn gods? | There are no other gods, only Yahweh, who is not powerless: |
| 3. Has Yahweh rejected and abandoned us? | Exile is Yah's judgment on Judah for its unfaithfulness; Yahweh will deliver Israel and begin a new relationship |
| Edict of Cyrus | Persian king that conquers Babylonia in 539 BCE and allows Babylonians to return home |
| Rebuilding the Temple | rebuilt in Judah in 515 BCE, was very hard |
| New terminology: Judaism & Jews | since Israel emerged from Exile w/ a revitalized, mature theology/faith, its religion will now be now referred to as Judaism, and its people, called Jews |
| Issues in the post-Exilic period | How to live among the nations (Gentiles), be ruled by them when they don't acknowledge that Yahweh is the one true God. Tension of Universalism vs. Exclusivism: How to resist assimilation to be separate, while being "a light to the nations." |
| Universalism (“a light to the nations”) | Israel a light to the nations |
| post-exilic literature | Prophetic movement came to an end and it was dried up as there weren't any prophets |
| Definition of prophet | Messenger or spokesperson; announces message from Yahweh |
| Seers | interpreted Yah's will, dream interpretation, divination, often in ecstatic states |
| Navi/nabi prophet | to call; to be called |
| Ecstaticism | state of altered consciousness by the seers before the time of David |
| Parallelism | Each verse consists of at least 2 lines of parallel thought - related in some way - esp that 2nd line emphasizes 1st line |
| Imagery | Picture painted in words |
| Synonymous | line 2 restates line 1 in different words |
| Antithetic | line 2 contrasts with line 1, opposites/reversals |
| Synthetic | line 2 develops line 1, continues/finishes a thought |
| Climactic | line 2 extends line 1 to a climax, usually a series of items |
| “Thus says the Lord” | Indicates that the word of the Lord follows |
| Messenger formula | “Thus says the Lord” (“thus says Yahweh” or “thus saith the Lord”; Prophet delivers Yahweh’s word in 1st person, “I,” as if Yahweh were speaking |
| Judgment & salvation speeches–outline, contents of new message of judgment in 8c prophets - | • Intro description of the present situ: diatribe (J) or exhortation (S) The diatribe is aka a complaint or accusation or indictment The exhortation expresses comfort or encouragement. • Messenger formula • Announcement of judgment or salvation |
| Symbolic actions (prophetic gestures) | Prophets convey their messages by performing actions or gestures that expressed or represented it symbolically or metaphorically |
| Prophetic call experiences | Personal experience w/ Yahweh that makes the Prophet |
| Justice (mishpat) | Judgement, do what is right |
| Steadfast love or (loving)kindness (hesed) | Loyalty, steadfast, loving kindness, be faithful to carry out your obligations to relationships and the covenant with God |
| Gomer | Hosea's wife |
| Hosea's names of 3 children | Lo-Ammi, Jezreel, Lo-Ruhamah - get used as the names of judgement, hope, and salvation |
| Covenant‑marriage analogy/metaphor | Gomer (prostitute) and Hosea's marriage is that of Israel with the Yahweh ;2 Indictments: “a spirit of whoredom,” not keeping the Decalogue |
| the Day of the Lord | Amos: Yahweh's judgement; time God will act |
| Holy One of Israel | Yahweh is Holy one of Israel, Yahweh is King = 2 Lessons |
| Seraphim | members of the heavenly court, winged serpents associated with worship |
| Messianic hope | hope that develops in Israel for a messiah Originates in 1st Isaiah (7,9,11) Messiah - anointed They get disconnected from history as after the Exile there is no kingship and hope for a king that will come |
| Peaceable Kingdom | vison of peace in Isaiah 11 that the wolf lying down with the lamb, instead of animals devouring each other there will be peace |
| “these deceptive words” | (Jeremiah 7, the Temple Sermon) - false religion - arguing against deceptive words in this sermon the involiability of Zion they should believe God not that the temple will be protected as they are |
| Stubbornness of the evil will/heart | Jeremiah: source of wrongdoing notion that the heart of the people is evil and is set against God; heart is the center of the will |
| new covenant | Jeremiah: first to announce a new covenant w/ law written on heart |
| Yahweh’s chariot throne | Ezekiel’s vision of Yah’s chariot throne (Ezek 1) coming to Babylonia from Jerusalem Priestly editors’ ending of the Torah w/ Israel outside the Promised Land |
| “wheel within a wheel” | chariot wheel sphere, it can go anywhere withough veering or turning |
| new heart | Ezekiel: extends as a new heart (Ezek 36), return to the homeland, new Temple, new David |
| “you shall know that I am the Lord” | Ezekiel: Refers to purpose/result of Yah's acts used in contexts of both judgement and salvation |
| New Exodus | End of Exile, Yah will act through Cyrus |
| True monotheism - God is the only God;Other gods are merely idols; idol parodies (satire) | |
| the Servant of the Lord & the 4 Servant Poems/Songs | This servant is supposed to do 7 things estab justice, call ppl back to Yhwh, and to be a light to the nations, , Poems talking about whet the nations are supposed to be and do after the exile for Yhwh, 2nd Isaiah chaps 42, 44, 49, 52:13-53:12) |
| Number of books & psalms in the Psalter | 150 Psalms in 5 books |
| Common psalm genres & features | laments (prayers of distress), songs of praise (praise God for who God is), and songs of thanksgiving (thank God for his deeds) |
| Wisdom (hokmah/hochmah) | how to live a good life |
| Vanity | nothing, sense of the obsertity of life in Eccelesiates, nothing matters its all going to go away, live in the present |
| Folly | lack of good sense |
| Job & the problem of suffering | Why do innocent people suffer? - is it a sense of if you worship God you get good things, so why is Job suffering if he's done nothing but be a good servant? |
| ca 1000 (start of) David’s reign | for about 40 years |
| 928 (or at Solomon’s death) DividedKgdms | Kingdoms become divided into N and S |
| 722 Fall of Samaria (N Kgdm ends) | Assyria deports thousands throughout of its empire |
| 587‑6 Fall of Jerusalem | Destroyed by the Babylonians, 587/586 BCE Three deportations—597, 587/6, 582—of its people to Babylon |
| 538 End of the Exile | Cyrus allows conquered people to return home to Jerusalem (restoration) |
| Domination system/preindustrial agrarian economy | Pharoah is the leader while people were in bondage under him |
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