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= Pathology
Pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which condition results from diminished function of the parathyroid gland leading to hypocalcemia? | Hypoparathyroidism |
| Which condition requires regular blood glucose monitoring? | Diabetes mellitus |
| Which disease is the most common form of hypothyroidism in the United States? | Hashimoto |
| Which condition results from decreased blood glucose levels? | Hypoglycemia |
| Which type of diabetes represents more than 90% of all cases? | Type II |
| Which condition is a complication of diabetes mellitus? | Reduced sensations |
| Aside from the thyroid, which other organ when dysfunctional can be linked to elevated calcium levels in the body? | Kidney |
| Which disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism? | Graves disease |
| Which disease is due to overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary, causing gigantism during childhood or acromegaly during adulthood? | Hyperpituitarism |
| Which sign or symptom characterizes Graves disease? | Unusual protrusion of the eyeballs |
| Which term means paralysis of the arms and legs? | Quadriplegia |
| Which condition is most often due to repetitive use of the wrist? | Carpal tunnel syndrome |
| Which consideration applies if a client with cerebral palsy (CP) cannot speak clearly? | The therapist and client must devise a communication code. |
| Myasthenia gravis results in | progressive muscle weakness and paralysis. |
| Which disorder results in progressive neural demyelination? | Multiple sclerosis |
| Which type of paralysis involves only the lower extremities and trunk? | Paraplegia |
| A person with autism is most likely to benefit from which type of treatment? | 15-minute sessions focused on firm gliding and compressive strokes |
| Dementia typically interferes with work and social activities because it | affects thinking, memory, and communicating. |
| Which condition is a congenital defect characterized by failure of the posterior spinous processes of the vertebral column to close, usually in the lumbar spine? | Spina bifida |
| The two main types of stroke are | ischemic and hemorrhagic. |
| Which term refers to information such as client experiences and symptoms as learned from the client during an intake? | Subjective data |
| A therapist observes and remarks in their notes that the client has Internally rotated shoulders with head forward posture is an example of | Objective data |
| Which guideline is part of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)? | Assign passwords to those who access electronic client files. |
| Clients providing clear answers to a therapist is essential in order to provide | effective treatment planning for the client. |
| Which should the massage therapist do when assessing a client’s pain? | Ask the client questions using the acronym OPPQRST. |
| Which consideration is appropriate for post-recovery massage for a client who has had pneumonia? | Using deep-friction and deep gliding to loosen the muscles of respiration |
| Which condition involves excessive amounts of fluid in the lungs, interfering with gas exchange? | Pulmonary edema |
| Which term is the same as infectious rhinitis? | Common Cold |
| Massage considerations for a client with obstructive sleep apnea include | using the client's preferred position of sleep for the majority of the treatment. |
| Influenza is caused by which type of pathogen? | Virus |
| Which condition is most likely to develop from a blood clot in a leg vein? | Pulmonary embolism |
| Which type of edema is associated with allergic reactions? | Angioedema |
| Which condition is abnormal accumulation of fluids due to an obstruction in lymph flow? | Lymphedema |
| Which condition is abnormal accumulation of fluids from a sluggish or overloaded lymph transport system? | Edema |
| The medical term for enlarged lymph nodes is | lymphadenopathy |
| Massage considerations for enlarged lymph nodes include | local contraindication if other systemic conditions are absent. |
| Which technique is NOT recommended for a client with edema? | Deep-friction |
| Enlarged lymph nodes, red streaks, chills, fever, and headaches are signs and symptoms of | lymphangitis. |
| Sudden and unexpected complete cessation of the heartbeat is called | cardiac arrest. |
| A consideration which is appropriate for a client with controlled hypertension? | Assistance off the table may be necessary if orthostatic hypotension is present. |
| The genetic disorder that impairs blood-clotting mechanisms and may result in excessive bruising is called | hemophilia |
| A condition that involves the inability of the heart to pump blood to meet the body’s demands? | Congestive heart failure |
| Which disorder is a localized weakness of a blood vessel wall? | Aneurysm |
| Which condition is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin, causing red blood cells to become deformed? | Sickle cell disease |
| Massage considerations for a client with Osgood-Schlatter disease include | do not use friction in the acute phase |
| An accumulation of synovial fluid behind the knee is called | baker cyst. |
| Which of the following is NOT a type of headache? | Trigeminal |
| Which disorder is genetic and causes abnormality in the connective tissues of many body systems? | Marfan syndrome |
| Which condition involves diffuse soft tissue pain and the presence of multiple tender points? | Fibromyalgia syndrome |
| Another term for patellofemoral syndrome is | chondromalacia patellae. |
| A structural deformity in which the first metatarsophalangeal joint becomes medially displaced is called | bunion |
| Which choice is NOT a consideration for massage of a ligament sprain? | Deep stretching may be beneficial for healing the ligament. |
| Which injury involves bones being temporarily displaced at the joint with complete loss of contact between their articulating surfaces? | Dislocation |
| Which type of infection are tineas? | Fungal |
| Which skin infection is caused by bacteria and is characterized by itching or burning pustules around the mouth, nose, and hands? | Impetigo |
| Which term means athlete’s foot? | Tinea pedis |
| Massage considerations for scar tissue include | using deep-friction and skin rolling to mobilize the tissue. |
| What condition involves inflammation that is limited to hair follicles? | Folliculitis |
| A contagious superficial foot fungus characterized by skin discoloration and a ridge of red tissue is called | athlete’s foot. |
| Paronychia is an infection found in what part of the body? | Around the nails |
| Which type of herpes simplex virus is most common? | Type 1 |
| Which is a consideration with clients who are experiencing mental disorders? | Massage may help relax an anxious client. |
| Which actions are appropriate for clients with postpartum depression? | Be prepared to take a comfort break or stop before the scheduled time if the client is feeling emotionally overwhelmed and begins to cry. |
| Which occurrence is a coping mechanism in which the client leaves his or her body or believes past abuses have happened to someone else? | Dissociation |
| Which term also means bipolar disorder? | Manic-depressive disorder |
| If a massage therapist working in a hospital setting wishes to change massage lubricant used, to whom will the ingredient list be submitted? | Infection control manager |
| Which stage of grief is expected to occur last according to the research of Elizabeth Kubler-Ross? | Acceptance |
| What is the proper course of action if a massage therapist working in a hospital setting observes insurance fraud? | Report the illegal activity to proper authority. |
| Which items may make the prone position uncomfortable, even when a soft face rest cushion is used? | Dental appliances |
| Which term describes a diminished capacity that can involve movement, vision or hearing, or emotional and cognitive functioning resulting from injury, disease, disfigurement, or progressive deterioration during aging? | Impairment |
| Which effect does aging have on the cardiovascular system? | Reduced vessel wall elasticity increases the risk of bruising. |
| Which musculoskeletal change occurs due to aging? | Muscle strength and endurance decrease. |
| Most cancers are attributed to which cause? | Carcinogens |
| Which term describes the formation of new blood vessels within a structure such as a tumor? | Angiogenesis |
| Which type accounts for about 75% of all skin cancers? | Basal cell carcinoma |
| Which type is called cancer of the blood? | Leukemia |
| Which term means inflammation of the urinary bladder? | Cystitis |
| Most urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by which type of pathogen? | Bacteria |
| Which method is a type of blood filtration usually provided in a hospital setting or a dialysis center? | Hemodialysis |
| Which term means the loss of voluntary control of the urinary bladder? | Incontinence |
| Which term is used to denote that only 10% or less of renal function remains? | End-stage renal failure |
| Which term means frequent passing of unformed, loose, watery stools? | Diarrhea |
| Which condition involves benign growths on mucous membranes, commonly found in the colon? | Polyps |
| Massage considerations for a client with irritable bowel syndrome include | focusing on relaxation and stress management while avoiding the abdomen if sensitive. |
| Which condition is inflammation of the gallbladder? | Cholecystitis |
| Which action is appropriate when massaging a client with pancreatitis? | Avoid the abdomen if pressure causes pain or discomfort |
| Massage considerations for a client with Crohn disease include | avoiding the abdomen. |
| Another term used to describe a cough suppressant is | antitussive |
| Massage considerations for NSAIDs include | using caution with deep pressure. |
| The most common drug administration route is | oral |
| Which type of drug is used to reduce allergic reactions? | Antihistamine |
| When a therapist feels symptoms of a cold or contagious illness, he or she should | cancel appointments and offer to reschedule, or refer the client to an associate. |
| What is the minimum number of seconds the hands should be washed? | 20 |
| Infectious agents can be spread through: | contact with contaminated linens, massage tools, open containers of lubricant. |
| Is inflamed lymph nodes a condition is a local contraindication for massage? | yes |
| A client reporting a contagious disease is presenting with an | absolute contraindication. |
| Disease that is distributed throughout the body is called | systemic |
| Which type of disease has an abrupt onset of severe signs and symptoms then runs a brief course? | Acute |
| These are the body’s natural defense mechanisms against exposure to pathogens? | inflammation, immune response, physical and chemical barriers |
| Massage considerations for a client using a narcotic such as codeine, Vicodin, or Darvocet include | cautioning the client regarding possible gastrointestinal distress. |
| A bulge in an artery due to high blood pressure or atherosclerosis is called an | aneurism |
| Signs of Parkinson's Disease | shuffling gait resting tremor coordination and balance problems |
| Evening urination frequency with start and stop stream may have what condition | benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| 1st trimester complications or risk factors | ectopic pregnancy; concentrated abdominal work contraindicted |
| 3rd trimester complications or risk factors | gestational diabetes risk; prone positioning contraindicated |
| Post Partum complications or risks | dvt and pulmonary embolism high risk; circulatory massage contraindicated |
| A condition with alternating diarrhea and constipation which worsens with stress and may have blood in the stool | IBS |
| A primary symptom of bladder cancer | blood in the urine without pain |
| Angina | Chest Pain |
| Will deep abdominal massage assist acute pelvic inflammatory disease | no - absolute contraindication |
| hypotension | decrease in blood pressure levels |
| hypertension | increase in blood pressure levels |
| An accommodation for a client with GERD is | eat at least 2 hours before your massage elevate the head of the table chair massage |
| What is the cardinal rule regarding skin for massage | Broken or open skin is a contraindication |
| Risk factors for gallstones | BMI estrogen replacement therapy CA 40 or older |
| Leukemia definition | malignant increase of WBC |
| Is a tension headache a contraindication for massage? | no |
| Is pitting edema a contraindication for massage | yes |
| Is localized edema a contraindication for massage | no |
| Definition of jaundice | yellow skin and eyes, sunken eyes, due to increase of bilirubin levels |
| Which degree of burning will blisters be present? | 2nd degree |
| A condition with an increased risk of developing colon cancer | ulcerative colitis |
| Is hemophilia a local contraindication? | no; it is an absolute contraindication |
| Definition of ALS | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: degenerative nerve condition that affects voluntary muscle leading to paralysis without deteriorating sensory nerve function |
| A respiratory condition that is an absolute contraindiation | Active TB |
| Is a fever an immune response which is an absolute contraindication | yes |
| Fibromyalgia S&S | tender points, fatigue, lack of sleep, anxiety, depression |
| Myofascial Pain Syndrome hallmark | trigger points |
| Scleroderma | skin thickening |
| Are boils a contagion skin infection | yes |
| Is eczema a contagious skin infection | no |
| Loss of bone mass and density is called | osteoporosis |
| Extreme fatigue, sore throat, fever in teens or young adults may be an indication of | mononucleosis |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome affects which nerve of the hand | median |
| Dupuytren's Contracture | rigid flexion of 4th-5th fingers |
| Small red trail marks on a person's chest which is a contraindication to massage | scabies |
| Primary sign of colon cancer | bloody stool |
| Definition of ankylosing spondylitis | an inflammatory disease that, over time, can cause some of the bones in the spine, called vertebrae, to fuse |
| Meningitis S&S | headache, stiff neck, fever |
| Which joint is most commonly affected by gout | great toe |
| a respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing. It usually results from an allergic reaction or other forms of hypersensitivity. | asthma |
| Severe electrical pain on face, cheek, mouth is due to which nerve | Trigeminal |
| overuse condition or injury of the knee that causes a painful bump and swelling on the shinbone below the knee. Affects kids during their preadolescent growth spurt: in the tweens (10 to 13) for girls and the early teens (12 to 14) for boys | Osgood-Schlatter's disease |
| Build up of amyloid plaque leading to brain tissue necrosis, memory loss and dementia | Alzheimer's disease |
| Weight loss, heat intolerance, bulging eyes | hyperthyroidism |
| Sudden onset of sharp chest pains, difficulty breathing, chills and fever, coughing up thick mucus is | Pneumonia |
| Dysmenorrhea is defined as | moderate to severe pain caused by menstrual periods which can begin just before mensuration |
| growth of uterine lining outside the uterus | endometriosis |
| reactivation of the herpes virus that results in pain rash along a dermatome | shingles |
| Homan's sign | pain in the calf on slow dorsiflexion of the ankle with the knee bent |
| dry, silvery, scaled patches of thick skin on elbow, wrist, and knee | psoriasis |
| Melanoma ABCDE means: | A= asymmetrical B= border C= color D= diameter E= evolving or elevated |
| S&S of Diabetes Mellites | excessive hunger and thirst, weight loss |
| Dehydration, extreme back pain with radiates to the groin in a male are S&S of | kidney stones |
| Foot arch pain and stiffness which is worst in the morning | plantar fasciitis |
| A woman who is pregnant, experiencing low back pain, cramping and vaginal bleeding should be checked by her doctor for | miscarriage |
| Lupus S&S | arthritis, facial rash, photosensitivity |
| Epigastric pain in right upper quadrant (especially after a meal) may be | gallstones |
| small, non-inflamed, semi mobile, solitary lump under the skin may be | sebaceous cyst |
| Acromegaly is a disorder related to a tumor of what gland | pituitary |
| Is Hepatitis B a common cause of cirrhosis | no |
| Renal failure, severe protein malnutrition, congestive heart failure and injury are causes of | edema |
| Can smoking cause cirrhosis? | no |
| Insulin is produced by which gland | pancreas |
| Decrease of blood glucose level | hypoglycemia |
| The most common form of skin cancer is | Basal Cell Carcinoma BCC |
| Varicose veins are a local or absolute contraindication | local |
| Migraine headaches can be assisted with Swedish massage | no |
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