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Global 10.3.1 Vocab
Industrial Revolution Vocab New Visions Global 10.3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Industrial Revolution | Period in which the production of goods shifted from hand production methods to complex machines. It started in Great Britain around 1750 |
Division of Labor | Separation of steps in the process of making something into different jobs |
Spinning Jenny | A machine used for spinning cloth with more than one spindle at a time, patented by James Hargreaves in 1770 |
Jethro Tull Seed Drill | Machine that drilled holes for three rows of seeds at a time to the correct depth, planted the seeds, and covered them in dirt in one action |
Rural | Relating to the countryside |
Urban | Relating to cities |
Urbanization | A population shift from rural areas to urban areas; the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas |
Factory System | Method of manufacturing using machinery and division of labor in a factory |
Agricultural Revolution | Transformation of agriculture from traditional medieval farming to more productive, efficient, and mechanical methods of farming through scientific innovation and new techniques starting in the mid-1700s |
Steam Engine | A heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. Uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder |
Dutch Four Crop Rotation System | New system of planting crops. Farmers would plant legumes in their fields, instead of leaving part of them fallow (empty) for a year |
Domestic/Putting Out System | Production system widespread in 17th-century western Europe in which merchant-employers gave materials to rural producers who usually worked in their homes |
Enclosure Movement | Process of making common land into private land, owned by a farmer. The land was then fenced in |
Industrialization | Process of social and economic change that transforms a region from an agrarian society into an industrial society |