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Concept Dis. Ch.17
Female Reproductive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| binocular magnifying instrument used to view cervix & endocervical canal | colposcope |
| warty tumor like overgrowth in squamous epithelium of anorectal/genital tract, caused by virus that is spread by sexual contact | condyloma |
| dilation and curettage of the uterus | D and C |
| scraping out of uterine lining, often performed as diagnostic/therapeutic procedure | dilation and curettage |
| type of benign cystic teratoma commonly arising in the ovary | dermoid cyst |
| contraceptive device placed over cervix prior to intercourse | diaphragm |
| painful menstruation | dysmenorrhea |
| pregnancy outside the endometrial cavity | ectopic pregnancy |
| permanent destruction of endometrium by various methods to control excessive menstrual bleeding unresponsive to more conservative treatment | endometrial ablation |
| ovarian cyst lined by endometrium & filled with old blood & debris | endometrial cyst |
| endometrial cyst is a ___ of endometriosis | manifestation |
| presence of endometrial tissue in abnormal locations; i.e. ovary/pelvis; produces deposits of endometrium that are responsive to hormones | endometriosis |
| tumor arising from granulosa cells, usually associated with excess production of estrogen | granulosa cell tumor |
| estrogen-producing, ovarian tumor arising from estrogen producing granulose cell of an ovarian follicle | granulosa-theca cell tumor |
| virus that stimulates epithelial cell proliferation | human papillomavirus (HPV) |
| HPV causes genital tract ___ & ___ | warts & condylomas |
| small plastic device inserted in uterus to prevent pregnancy | intrauterine device (IUD) |
| long tubular telescope like instrument passed through abdominal wall to examine structures within peritoneal cavity | laparoscope |
| benign smooth muscle tumor such as commonly develops in the uterus | myoma |
| general term for infection affecting fallopian tubes & adjacent pelvic organs | pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) |
| complex derivative of fatty acid (prostanoic acid) that has widespread physiological effects | prostaglandin |
| inflammation of fallopian tubes | salpingitis |
| symptom complex in menstruating women using high-absorbency tampons, caused by toxin produced by staphylococcus growing in vagina | toxic shock syndrome (TSS) |
| Candida albicans, Trichomonas vaginalis, & Gardnerella vaginalis in conjunction with anaerobic bacteria are all commons pathogens that cause | vaginitis |
| scarring, sterility, & ectopic pregnancies are all caused by | untreated PID |
| usually become manifest through cervical bleeding | cervical polyps |
| colposcopy is required in order to localize & determine extent of abnormalities in cervical epithelium for | cervical dysplasia & carcinoma |
| both benign endometrial hyperplasia & malignant endometrial carcinoma can cause | irregular uterine bleeding |
| occur in approximately 0.3% of women over the age of 30 | uterine myomas |
| type of ovarian cyst that develops frequently & usually regresses spontaneously | dermoid |
| causes irregular white patches, may progress to carcinoma, causes itching & can be treated locally | vulvar dystrophy |
| manifests through fever, vomiting, diarrhea & erythematous rash | TSS |
| increased tendency to thromboembolic complications & hypertension are possible complications of | contraceptive pills |
| is unreliable & must be used within one hour of sex | emergency contraception |
| out of about 80 types of __ 40 of them can infect cervix | HPV |
| eight types of HPV are considered | carcinogenic high-risk types |
| 90 percent of HPV infections are eradicated by | the body's immune system |
| HPV testing of cervical material obtained by Pap smear may be a useful supplementary test when | atypical cells identified by Pap smear |
| Candida albicans, Trichomonas vaginalis, & Gardenerella vaginalis in conjunction w/ various anaerobic bacteria | all causes of vaginitis |
| vaginal discharge, itching, and irritation are all | symptoms of vaginitis |
| mild chronic inflammation; common in women who have had children, is of little significance | cervicitis |
| STDs and may be followed by infection into fallopian tubes & adjacent tissues; severe cervical inflammation will result from | gonococci or Chlamydia infections |
| lower abdominal pain and tenderness, fever, leukocytosis, 2ndary to ascending spread of cervical gonorrheal or Chlamydial infection, & can cause Tubal scarring following healing predisposes to ectopic pregnancy/may cause sterility | salpingitis & PID |
| benign tumor-like overgrowths of squamous epithelium & considered STD | condylomas |
| application of a strong chemical, electrocoagulation,freezing, & surgical excision are treatments for | female genital tract infections |
| responds to hormonal stimuli and undergoes cyclic menstrual desquamation and regeneration | ectopic endometrium |
| laparascopy is used to diagnose | edometriosis |
| Allows visualization of ectopic deposits followed by removing or destroying these deposits surgically, through drugs, or hormones | laparascopy |
| synthetic hormones with progesterone activity to completely suppress menstrual cycle | treatment for endometriosis |
| makes endometrium thin and atrophic and menstrual cycles light, which retards progressing of endometriosis and associated scarring | oral contraceptives to suppress ovulation |
| leads to decline in ovarian function, allowing deposits of endometriosis to regress by being deprived of cyclic estrogen-progesterone stimulation | drugs that suppress output of gonadotropin from pituitary gland |
| are benign, arise from the cervix, usually small but may be quite large, erosion of tip may cause bleeding & treated by surgical excision | cervical polyps |
| abnormal growth and maturation of cervical squamous epithelium | cervical dysplasia |
| regresses spontaneously & result of cervical inflammation | mild cervical dysplasia |
| may progress to invasive carcinoma, may progress to in situ carcinoma, & does not regress | severe cervical dysplasia |
| cervical dysplasia and in situ carcinoma constitute different stages in a progressive spectrum of epithelial abnormalities classified as | cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) |
| Mild dysplasia is called | CIN I |
| moderate dysplasia is termed | CIN II |
| severe dysplasia & in situ carcinoma are classified together as | CIN III |
| supplements CIN categories by adding a detailed classification of cytological changes observed in Pap smears with assessment of their significance | Bethesda system |
| some types of HPV are the same virus that causes | genital condylomas |
Created by:
lfrancois
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