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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| lord | noble who gave land to a vassal in exchange for military service |
| William the conqueror | new English king who rewarded his knights with land |
| feudalism | system of promises governed relationships between lords and vassals |
| fiefs | knights received these pieced of land in return for military service |
| serfs | could not leave their land without the lord's permission |
| eurasia | large landmass that includes both Europe and Asia |
| popes | ____, missionaries and monks were important in spreading Christianity |
| viking | these invaders caused the development of feudalism |
| geographic | barriers protected southern Europe from many invasions |
| kings | did not have growing power in feudalism |
| towns | the increase of population and trade created the growth of _____ |
| medieval | latin word for "Middle Age" |
| chivalry | code of honorable behavior |
| crusades | wars between Christians and Muslims over Holy Land |
| byzantine | empire asked for help dealing with attacks by Turkish Muslims |
| urbanII | called on Christians to drive the Muslims out of Holy Land |
| orthodox | church created when bishop of Const was excommunicated by Pope Leo IX |
| Jerusalem | holy city for three major religions |
| Saladin | Mulsim leader in 3rd Crusade was respected for his kindness to enemy |
| Long distances | one reason Christian Crusaders lost Holy Land |
| Magna carta | document greatly limited king's power |
| Hundred years war | long conflict between France and England |
| Joan of arc | young French peasant girl who rallied French troops |
| jews | discriminated against throughout Europe |
| black death | deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351 |
| Spanish inquisition | organization of priests that looked for and punished anyone in Spain suspected of secretly practicing their old religion |