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UAMS Dysmorphology 6

Limbs

QuestionAnswer
Limb Embryology Lower Limbs lag behind upper limbs
Week 5 Arm and Leg Buds appear
Week 6 Rapid lengthening and 1st sign of joints
Week 7 Continued Growth by the end will see that hand/foot bones
Week 12 Ossification of the Long Bones
Diaphysis Shaft of the long bone
Metaphysis Piece between the shaft and the end
Epiphysis Rounded end of the long bone
Rhizomelic Relating to the Shoulder or Hip joints
Mesomelic The forelimbs or lower legs
Acromelic End of the extremities
Preaxial Off the thumb
Postaxial Off the pinky
Bones of the Hands Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges
Bones of the Feet Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges
Joints of the hand Metacarpophalangeal joint, Proximal interphalangeal joint, Distal interphalangeal joint.
Hinge Joint Knee, Flexion/extension in one plane
Ball and Socket Joint Should/hip, 3 dimension movement
Compound Joint Wrist/ankle, Motion in at least 2 major planes
Minor Variants of the Hands/Feet Single Palmar Crease, Deep Plantar crese, Absence of the flexion crease
Minor Anomalies of the Hands/Feet Clinodactyly, Tapered Fingers, Polydactyly, Syndactyly, Shortened fourth metacarpal, Overriding Toes, Hammertoes
Minor Variants of the Joints Loose jointed, Pes Planus, Bowleg, Knock-Knee
Deformations of the Limbs Tibial Bowing, Femoral Bowing, In-toeing/out-toeing
Disruptions of the Limbs Amniotic Bands
Malformations of the Limbs Macrosomia, Long Limbs, Limb asymmetry, Radial aplasia, Tibial aplasia, Phocomelia, Amelia
Malformations of the Hands/Feet Camptodactyly, Ulnar deviation of fingers, Triphalangeal thumb, Ectrodactyly, Monodactyly, Duplication of digits, Syndactyly, Polysndactyly, Localized overgrowth, Macrodactyly, Arachnodactyly, Broad thumbs and toes
Malformations of the Joints Joint Webbing, Joint contracturs (escobar), Genu Varum, Genu Valgum.
Created by: btkosewski
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