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WH - Ch 6

Vocab for ch 6, pgs 262-281 in book, due Oct 20, 2022

TermDefinition
intendants Regional representatives of the monarchy's rule in French provinces.
divine right of kings Belief that God has chosen the king to rule the nation.
balance of power The idea in which several neighboring countries will work to have equal or similar economic power to each other to prevent any one of said countries from dominating the others
Henry IV French king who was the first member of the new royal house known as the Bourbons, was a Huguenot and converted to Catholicism to bring peace to France.
Cardinal Richelieu A political genius who was the head minister for Henry IV's son, and wanted to make France supreme in Europe by encouraging trade and industry.
Thirty Years' War Began in 1618, was a Protestant rebellion against the Holy Roman Empire and the Habsburgs ruling family.
Louis XIV Became king of France in 1643, lived through the Fronde rebellions as a boy; worked to make the king's power absolute.
Jean-Baptiste Colbert An expert in finance chosen by Louis XIV as an advisor, promoted strong economic development in France at home and widen French trade abroad.
War of the Spanish Succession A battle between various European nations over who would become the next king of Spain after the last Spanish Habsburg's death in 1700.
Michael Romanov The czar of Russia elected in 1613, grandnephew of Ivan the Terrible, started a 300 year long rule of his family in Russia.
Peter the Great Became czar at age of 10 in 1682, ruled until 1725; believed that Russia should be more like Europe and started "westernization" of Russia to get help from Western Europe in acquiring ports.
Catherine the Great A ruler of Russia who supported art, science, literature and theater; gained control of Sea of Azov and Black Sea that Peter the Great wanted to expand to.
Maria Theresa Daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, inherited much of Austria and other Habsburg lands, became empress in 1745 when her husband was elected emperor. Made improvements in education, medicine, and military affairs.
Pragmatic Sanction A statement from Charles VI that would allow his daughter Maria Theresa to inherit all Habsburg lands.
Great Elector Named Frederick William, was a Hohenzollern ruler who unified armies of his lands into one strong force, improved tax system, agriculture, industry, and transportation.
Frederick William I Didn't like French ways; made Prussia stronger, doubling size of the army, made Prussia one of the most powerful European military forces by 1740.
Frederick the Great Became even stronger ruler than his father of Prussia, was highly intelligent and expanded territory and prestige of Prussia.
Diplomatic Revolution An unusual shift in allies, where before Great Britain was allied with Austria against France, but afterwards, Great Britain was allied with Prussia against France, Austria, and Russia.
Seven Years' War Called the French and Indian War in North America, was a battle between many European nations over territorial control of North American regions
gentry Landowners who had social position but no titles, generally younger sons of nobles who inherit their father's titles or positions. Were sometimes hard to distinguish from burgesses.
burgesses Merchants and professional people from towns and cities. Were sometimes hard to distinguish from gentries.
"Bloody Mary" This rule earned this nickname due to her ruthless treatment of members of the Anglican Church, with more than 300 people burned at the stake.
Elizabeth I Half-sister of "Bloody Mary" who prevented conflict and strengthened Protestantism.
Mary Queen of Scots Closest relative to Elizabeth I, was the queen of Scotland and plotted to kill Elizabeth after she was imprisoned for being Catholic in a Protestant-ruled country.
Spanish Armada A fleet of 130 large and powerful Spanish ships sent to England in an attempt to invade, but the English ships were smaller, swifter, and could shoot faster, and there were terrible storms, forcing this fleet to retreat.
Puritans Also called Separatists, wanted to "purify" the Anglican Church.
James I Son of Mary Queen of Scots, became king of both Scotland and England, bringing the two countries under the rule of the same monarch. Intelligent, but lacked common sense in financial and diplomatic matters.
Created by: BurkeNHI
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