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Ideology

Exam 1 Modern History

QuestionAnswer
Congress of Vienna redrew territories, meeting of the great powers
Great Powers France, United Kingdom, Austria, Russia, and sometimes Purssa
Restorationism going back
Conservatism architects of restoration
Romanticism movement against extreme rationalism of the Enlightenment, celebrates human emotions, challenges, as it developed it becomes more extreme, turns away from classical tradition
Nationalism people receive their identity from their nation. Nation should have primary loyalty. Common language, leadership, history, etc. becomes a replacement of religion
Liberalism criticism of absolutism, limit government power, establish laws to protect people from government
Socialism Most socialists share the view that capitalism unfairly concentrates power and wealth and derives its wealth through exploitation, creates an unequal society, does not provide equal opportunities for everyone to maximise their potential.
Laissez-Fair "leave it alone"
Adam Smith "invisible hand"- things work out; drive for profit benefits everyone- laissez-fair
John Stuart Mill government need to protect people that profit doesn't trump people
Communist manifesto written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles; foundation of communism
Hegelian dialectic a thesis, giving rise to its reaction, an antithesis, which contradicts or negates the thesis, and the tension between the two being resolved by means of a synthesis.
July Revolution saw the overthrow of King Charles X of France, the French Bourbon monarch, and the ascent of his cousin Louis-Philippe
Corn law price of grain was expensive. import tariffs designed to protect corn prices in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland against competition from less expensive foreign imports between 1815 and 1846.
Great reform bill Anti-corn law league
Peterloo Massacre PR problem for government; ccurred at St Peter's Field, Manchester, England, on 16 August 1819, when cavalry charged into a crowd of 60,000–80,000 gathered at a meeting to demand the reform of parliamentary representation.
Monroe doctrine against European colonization; don't have military support to uphold it but America had support from Germany
Louis Napoleon runs for president; appeals to both lower and middle class; workers like his socialist agendas; wins but isn't president for long; establishes dictatorship, made himself emperor; now named Napoleon III
Piedmont catalyst for unification in Italy; establishes a constitution- hope for italians; becomes political and economic power house; liberal, industrialized; creates north/south divide.
Victor Emmanuel only sees unification of northern italy; the King of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia . He assumed the title King of Italy to become the first king of a united Italy, a title he held until his death. The Italians gave him the epithet Father of the Fatherland
Risorgiment renewal of things italian; mid-1880s popular for middle-class, property owners, and intellectuals
Cavour savvy with french- cosmopolitan by default; has vision of where Italy should go; sympathetic to middle-class; named as prime minister;
Giuseppe Garibaldi an Italian military and political figure. In his twenties, he joined the Carbonari Italian patriot revolutionaries, and had to flee Italy after a failed insurrection.
Pius IX pop during italian unification
Lateran treaty one of the Lateran Pacts of 1929 or Lateran Accords, three agreements made in 1929 between the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy See
John Stuart Mill On Liberty
Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels The Communist Manifesto
Otto von Bismark Reflections and Reminiscences.
Created by: MarieB
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